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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    An Introduction to Electrochemistry for Undergraduates: Detection of Vitamin C (Ascorbic Acid) by Inexpensive Electrode Sensors (2000)
    Springer
    The chemical educator 5 (2000), S. 58-60 
    Details
    ISSN: 1430-4171
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract This paper describes an undergraduate laboratory for general chemistry that can be used to supplement the teaching of oxidation–reduction reactions. The laboratory experiment also introduces students to basic electrochemical techniques and instrumentation. Using inexpensive materials to make carbon-paste electrodes, ascorbic acid (vitamin C) is oxidized with the cyclic voltammetry technique. The students learn to operate the potentiostat, prepare electrodes from inexpensive materials, and oxidize the vitamin C in over the counter tablets.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00897990364a
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Isoparametric functions on Riemannian manifolds. I (1987)
    Springer
    Mathematische Annalen 277 (1987), S. 639-646 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1807
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01457863
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    On a class of minimal hypersurfaces inR n (1994)
    Springer
    Mathematische Annalen 298 (1994), S. 207-251 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1807
    Keywords: 53C42 ; 53C40
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01459735
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A closed form solution for stress intensity factors of shear modes for 3-D finite bodies with cracks by energy release rate method (1991)
    Springer
    Acta mechanica solida Sinica 4 (1991), S. 75-87 
    Details
    ISSN: 0894-9166
    Keywords: stress intensity factor ; energy release rate method ; crack tearing displacement ; crack sliding displacement ; crack surface displacement ; closed form solution
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract In this paper, a new analytical-engineering method of closed form solution for stress intensity factors of shear modes for 3-D finite bodies with cracks is derived by the time saving energy release rate method. Hence a complete series of useful results of stress intensity factorsK II andK III can be obtained. And the results provided by this method are in good agreement with some obtained by other methods.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02208112
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Scattering of elastic waves by a periodic array of cracks in 3-D space (1988)
    Springer
    Acta mechanica solida Sinica 1 (1988), S. 273-290 
    Details
    ISSN: 0894-9166
    Keywords: scattering of elastic waves ; dynamic stress intensity factor
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The problem of scattering of normal incident time harmonic plane elastic waves by a co-planar periodic array of cracks in 3-D space is investigated. The scattered waves consist of a superposition of an infinite number of wave modes [M, N]T and [M, N]L,M. N=0, 1, 2, …, but only a finite number of them are propagating wave modes. The numerical calculation has been made for rectangular cracks and P wave incidence. The reflection coefficient of [O, O] order,R 0 3 , has been studied in detail for various wave numbers and parameters of the geometry for the problem. The reliability of the numerical calculation has been checked by an application of the balance of rates of energies. For an elongated rectangular crack,R 0 3 in the corresponding 2-D problem in [2] is recovered. The dynamic stress intensity factors around the crack edge have been obtained. The results as the wave number goes to zero have been compared with those in the correspoding static case. Good agreement is observed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02207258
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Change-of-type behavior in viscoelastic slender jet models (1990)
    Springer
    Theoretical and computational fluid dynamics 2 (1990), S. 1-25 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2250
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract In this paper a slender jet model of viscoelastic fluids which is asympotically derived from the full free surface boundary-value problem. The model system consists of four coupled quasi-linear differential equations in one space dimensions, where the nonlinear characteristics are given in closed form. Two characteristics are always real, two others may be real or complex, leaving open the possibility for change-of-type from hyperbolic to mixed elliptic/hyperbolic type. We proceed to exhibit exact solutions (constant, steady time dependent and space-time dependent) along which this model system undergoes a variety of change-of-type phenomena. Viewed purely as a one-dimensional (1-D) model for change-of-type, we explain the significance of type for the stability of these solutions and describe the numerical implications for each type. We also explain the physical significance of these model phenomena with respect to the original 3-D system, since these asymptotic equations are no longer valid once small-scale instabilities develop. Remarkably, these special solutions of the model system that exhibit change-of-type correspond to exact solutions of the 3-D Maxwell model with cylindrical free surface. The 1-D model equations, however, are not an invariant reduced system of the full 3-D free surface Maxwell model, so that the change-of-type exhibited here in the 1-D model is not directly responsible for a 3-D free surface change-of-type. Regularizations of this model as a catastrophic change-of-type develops are suggested.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00271426
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Local fields in single-mode helical fibres (1995)
    Springer
    Optical and quantum electronics 27 (1995), S. 1069-1074 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-817X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The scalar local-field wave equations in helical fibres are derived and, with the aid of a special mathematical treatment, solved approximately in a local coordinate system—the Serret-Frenet frame from the Maxwell's equations. Two basic results are obtained: (1) The local modes in a single-mode helical fibre are circularly polarized. (2) The difference of the propagation constants between the two fundamental modes is 2τ, where τ is the torsion. They agree well with the known experimental measurements.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00292136
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mode Coupling in Single-Mode Helical Fibres Under Perturbations (1998)
    Springer
    Optical and quantum electronics 30 (1998), S. 209-216 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-817X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The mode coupling in a helical fibre with a circular cross-section undergoing perturbations is investigated in the Serret-Frenet frame. The coupled-mode equations have been derived and are compared with the conventional ones. Applying the coupled-mode equations to a helical fibre with an elliptical core deformation, we obtained, for the first time, a rigorous analysis of the transmission characteristics of the fibre. The numerical examples show that the mode ellipticity and elliptical birefringence increase as the core ellipticity increases and also vary as the pitch or the core offset change.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1006966429845
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Boron trifluoride monohydrate, a highly efficient catalyst for thioacetalrzation [1] (1992)
    Springer
    Catalysis letters 13 (1992), S. 55-59 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-879X
    Keywords: Acid catalysis ; boron trifluoride monohydrate ; thioacetals
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Boron trifluoride monohydrate, an inexpensive superacid, was found to be an efficient catalyst for thioacetalization.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00770947
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Concentration and partitioning of particulate trace metals in the Changjiang (Yangtze River) (1990)
    Springer
    Water, air & soil pollution 52 (1990), S. 57-70 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2932
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Notes: Abstract Suspended sediments from the lower Changjiang (Yangtze River) were sampled to determine concentrations of Cu, Cd, Pb, Ni, and Cr. The particulate trace element values in the Changjiang are higher than in the Huanghe (Yellow River), but lower than in the other large Chinese rivers (e.g. Pearl River) and polluted rivers. A general pattern of high element levels in the clay minerals and low element concentrations in coarse sediment fractions are observed in the Changjiang. Sequential extraction shows the predominance of metals in the residual fraction relative to labile fractions in the Changjiang, emphasizing the importance of natural weathering and erosion in the drainage basin on the transport of particulate metals. Elevated Enrichment Factors (EF: the ratio of element concentration in microsurface to that in subsurface layer minus 1.0) suggest a potential influence of atmospheric input on the concentrations of particulate metals in the river.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00283114
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