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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Improved fluorescent microscopy for measuring the standing stock of phytoplankton including fragile components (1981)
    Springer
    Marine biology 64 (1981), S. 207-211 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1793
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Fluorescent microscopy has been used to separate autotrophic from heterotrophic microorganisms in environmental studies. We report on an improvement on this method for measuring standing stock of phytoplankton. Our method employs a membrane filter and can measure numbers of living phytoplankton including fragile flagellates and size of phytoplankton cells. This method was successfully used in Tokyo Bay and Kuroshio regions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00397110
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Determination of photosynthetic pigment composition in an individual phytoplankton cell in seas and lakes using fluorescence microscopy; properties of the fluorescence emitted from picophytoplankton cells (1986)
    Springer
    Marine biology 93 (1986), S. 343-349 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1793
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract To develop a method for the determination of photosynthetic pigment species in individual phytoplankton cells, especially natural picophytoplankton cells, the fluorescence spectra of intact cells were studied with cultured phytoplankton. The study was made mainly with phycoerythrin-containing picophytoplankton collected off Japan in 1982 with reference to diatomal species and phycoerythrin-free cyanophycean species. The spectra were measured for cell suspensions with an ordinary spectrofluorometer, and for individual cells with a microscope spectrofluorometer, paying special attention to the effect of cell-fixation. Results indicated that: (1) the cell-fixation with the glutaraldehyde and paraformaldehyde mixture modified phycoerythrin emission from picophytoplankton markedly in its wavelength location and intensity, but (2) the emission from phycocyanin was affected far less, and (3) the emission from chlorophyll a was not altered. However, the phycoerythrin emission modified by the fixation was found to be easily distinguished from other emissions, and kept its intensity high enough for detection with a fluorescence microscope. The fluorescence properties after the fixation were kept unaltered for a long period of time. Based on the results, we propose a simple method for the determination of photosynthetic pigments in individual phytoplankton cells in seas and lakes using fluorescence microscopy. Results of our tests with natural samples of phytoplankton are presented, and problems for further improvement are also discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00401101
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    An anemometry technique for turbulence measurements at low velocities (1993)
    Springer
    Mineralium deposita 28 (1993), S. 547-559 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1866
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract A method using symmetrically bent V-shaped hot-wires has been developed for the accurate measurement of low-speed turbulence. Directional characteristics of V-shaped hot-wires at low velocities are investigated, and a generalized expression is derived for the effective cooling velocity. The measurement with V-shaped hot-wires in a pseudo turbulent field, which is artificially produced by shaking the hot-wires with an accurately known motion in a steady flow, has confirmed that the expression for the effective cooling velocity is also valid for instantaneous velocity fluctuations. The accuracy of a practical technique comprising two V-shaped hot-wires in an X arrangement is investigated by an error analysis in simulated Gaussian velocity fields using a digital computer.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00624684
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Frequency response and instantaneous temperature profile of cold-wire sensors for fluid temperature fluctuation measurements (1992)
    Springer
    Experiments in fluids 13 (1992), S. 171-178 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1114
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract The information of the wire response is necessary for the estimation of corrections and uncertainty of temperature measurements. This paper describes the theoretical response of cold-wire sensors to temperature fluctuations in a fluid flow. Existing transfer functions of cold wires are approximate and implicit functions of frequency. We present the exact solutions of heat conduction equations for a cold wire and stubs taking account of the prong effect. Because the solutions have simple forms of elementary functions, we can easily calculate the frequency response of cold wires. Sample calculations are given under several typical conditions. Also, the instantaneous temperature profiles of a cold wire are obtained for the first time.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00218164
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Human hand impedance characteristics during maintained posture (1995)
    Springer
    Biological cybernetics 72 (1995), S. 475-485 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0770
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Computer Science , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004220050150
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Dental application of crystalline monomer with urethane linkages: a thermoanalytical study on bis-GMA-based resins (1995)
    Springer
    Journal of materials science 6 (1995), S. 396-399 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4838
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Technology
    Notes: The thermal properties of bis-GMA-based resins containing a synthesized crystalline DME-TDC which was dissolved to bis-GAM/TEGDMA base resin by 10 or 20wt% were examined. Camphorquinone (0.5%) and a reducing agent (0.5%) were added to the base resin before the addition of DME-TDC. A thermoanalytical study using differential thermal analysis (DTA) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) showed that thermal change in the DTA and DSC curves depended on the composition of the bis-GMA-based resins. Heat for curing was lowest in 50/50 base resin of 40 wt% bis-GMA/60 wt% TEGDMA, 50/50 and 60/40 base resins in DTA analysis during heating. The addition of DME-TDC to each resin increased heat requirements in 50/50 resin and decreased heat requirements in 40/60 and 60/40 resins. The thermal decomposition of 50/50 bis-GMA-based resin including DME-TDC occurred at a higher temperature than that in 40/60 and 60/40 based resin. The value of activation energy for curing performance was lowest for a DME-TDC including bis-GMA-based resin.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00120280
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Verdünnte Lösung Von Bis-phenol-A-Polycarbonat (1978)
    Springer
    Colloid & polymer science 256 (1978), S. 97-97 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-1536
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01746779
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Evaluation of X-probe response to wire separation for wall turbulence measurements (1992)
    Springer
    Experiments in fluids 12 (1992), S. 413-421 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1114
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract Inevitable errors in X-probe measurement are investigated in simulated Gaussian velocity fields generated on a digital computer. Two types of X arrangement are studied: one is a conventional X-probe comprised of two inclined hot wires, and the other consists of inclined and normal hot wires (modified X-probe). The computer simulation results under typical wall-turbulence conditions indicate that the most significant factor producing measurement errors, in both high and low intensity turbulence, is the difference between the instantaneous velocities sensed by the two wires, associated with wire separation. In particular, the measurement accuracy of the modified X-probe depends greatly on the effect of wire separation, and at worst, data obtained with such a probe result in fallacious information. To confirm the error analysis, turbulent quantities in a pipe flow were measured using these X-probes. The experimental results are consistent with the results of the error analysis. Also, based on the present analysis, simple formulae have been developed to estimate inherent errors in X-probe measurements.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00193889
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    An anemometry technique for turbulence measurements at low velocities (1989)
    Springer
    Experiments in fluids 7 (1989), S. 547-559 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1114
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract A method using symmetrically bent V-shaped hot-wires has been developed for the accurate measurement of low-speed turbulence. Directional characteristics of V-shaped hot-wires at low velocities are investigated, and a generalized expression is derived for the effective cooling velocity. The measurement with V-shaped hot-wires in a pseudo turbulent field, which is artificially produced by shaking the hot-wires with an accurately known motion in a steady flow, has confirmed that the expression for the effective cooling velocity is also valid for instantaneous velocity fluctuations. The accuracy of a practical technique comprising two V-shaped hot-wires in an X arrangement is investigated by an error analysis in simulated Gaussian velocity fields using a digital computer.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00187406
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Histochemical studies on the regeneration of aminergic nerves in rat cerebral artery after superior cervical ganglionectomy (1983)
    Springer
    Histochemistry and cell biology 77 (1983), S. 57-62 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-119X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The course of regeneration of aminergic nerves in rat cerebral arteries was studied by means of histochemical methods, after uni- or bilateral cervical sympathectomy. Degeneration of aminergic nerves started on day 1 and was complete between days 3 and 7 after surgery. Between weeks 4 and 6, regenerating nerves started to appear from the proximal internal carotid artery. Regenerated aminergic nerve fibres were generally unbeaded and intensity of fluorescence was weak. The circular nerves appeared earlier than the longitudinal ones. The number of regenerating nerves reached the maximum, between months 9 and 12, at about half the normal level. AChE activity of the cerebral arteries showed no significant changes at any stage.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00496636
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