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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles by a Laser–Liquid–Solid Interaction Technique (1998)
    Springer
    Journal of materials synthesis and processing 6 (1998), S. 89-104 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4870
    Keywords: Nanoparticles ; silver ; laser–liquid–solid interaction ; liquid precursor
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract Silver nanoparticles of high chemical homogeneity have been synthesized by a novel laser–liquid–solid interaction technique from a solution composed of silver nitrate, distilled water, ethylene glycol, and diethylene glycol. Rotating nickel, niobium, stainless steel, and ceramic Al2O3 substrates were irradiated using a continuous-wave CO2 laser and Q-switched Nd–YAG laser (λ = 1064 and 532 nm). The silver nanoparticles were characterized using x-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and electron probe x-ray microanalysis (EPMA). The shape of silver particles was dependent on the chemical composition and laser parameters. The synthesis mechanism of silver nanoparticles has been proposed to occur primarily at the laser–liquid–substrate interface by a nucleation and growth mechanism.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1022691302150
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A bimodal lognormal model of the distribution of strength of carbon fibres: effects of electrodeposition of titanium di (dioctyl pyrophosphate) oxyacetate (1986)
    Springer
    Journal of materials science 21 (1986), S. 3912-3920 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4803
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract The tensile strength distribution of Fortafil-3 carbon fibres of circular cross-section has been investigated at different gauge lengths. The unimodal Weibull, unimodal lognormal and bimodal lognormal models were tested. Estimating the model parameters by the method of maximum likelihood, and testing each model by the Kolmogorov-Smirnov goodness-of-fit statistic at prescribed levels of significance, it is found that the data for untreated unsized fibres fit a bimodal lognormal model best. The proportions of the low and high strength populations,p andq, respectively, did not show any well-defined trend with gauge length and had average values close to 0.5. But the lognormal mean for each population showed an increasing trend with decreasing gauge length. It is inferred thatp andq are, respectively, related to the presence of surface flaws and internal defects, both of which probably have the same structural origin. After electrodeposition of titanium di (dioctyl pyrophosphate) oxyacetate (TDPO), the fibre strength was still best approximated by a bimodal lognormal distribution. But the weighting factorp for the weak population was reduced markedly, with a corresponding increase ofq, indicating the healing of surface flaws during electrodeposition of a protective layer of TDPO. Furthermore, in contrast to the observations with untreated fibres, the lognormal means for both the low and high strength populations of the electrocoated fibres were essentially unchanged with gauge length. Changes were also indicated in the number and severity of surface flaws, caused by concurrent electrochemical processes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00553446
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Synthesis and flocculation performance of graft and random copolymer microgels of acrylamide and diallyldimethylammonium chloride (1999)
    Springer
    Colloid & polymer science 277 (1999), S. 939-946 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-1536
    Keywords: Key words Polyacrylamide ; Polydiallyldimethylammonium chloride ; Graft copolymer ; Random copolymer ; Microgel
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract Graft (from linear homopolymers) and random (from a linear random copolymer) copolymer microgels of diallyldimethylammonium chloride (DADMAC) and acrylamide were synthesized via a free-radical mechanism using a γ-radiation technique. These copolymer microgels were evaluated as flocculants on a model dilute TiO2 colloid suspension using a turbidimeter and a disc centrifuge photosedimentometer, and their performances were compared with the linear homopolymers and their blends. It was found that microgels produced after an appropriate irradiation time showed improved flocculation behavior over their nonirradiated linear counterparts. The graft microgels performed better than the corresponding random microgels. For a γ-radiation dosage of 100 krad/h, the graft microgels obtained by irradiating a 30% DADMAC (by weight) homopolymer blend for 3 h showed the maximum reduction in the relative turbidity of the TiO2 suspension as well as the largest fraction of larger particles flocculated.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s003960050473
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Thermocapillary migration of bubbles and drops at moderate to large Marangoni number and moderate Reynolds number in reduced gravity (1999)
    Springer
    Experiments in fluids 26 (1999), S. 240-248 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1114
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract  Results from experiments on the thermocapillary migration of air bubbles and Fluorinert drops in a Dow–Corning silicone oil aboard a NASA Space Shuttle mission are presented and discussed. The experiments cover a wider range of Marangoni and Reynolds numbers than that attained in a prior flight experiment. The data are consistent with earlier results, and are compared with theoretical predictions. Large air bubbles were found to deform slightly in shape to oblate spheroids while the deformation of even the largest drops was within the uncertainty of the size measurements.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s003480050285
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Electroinitiated polymerization and copolymerization of phenylacetylene (1979)
    Springer
    Polymer bulletin 1 (1979), S. 785-791 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-2449
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Summary A linear conjugated polymer [(C6H5C=CH)] n, with a trans rich, cis-trans copolymer structure results from the electropolymerization of phenylacetylene.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00256280
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Electroinitiated polymerization of benzonitrile (1979)
    Springer
    Polymer bulletin 1 (1979), S. 421-426 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-2449
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Summary The electroinitiated polymerization of benzonitrile yields a linear conjugated polymer, {ie421-01}(C6H5)C=N{ie421-02}. An anionic mechanism of polymerization is indicated.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00284413
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Extraction and representation of facts from legal briefs (1990)
    Springer
    Journal of intelligent and robotic systems 3 (1990), S. 167-182 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0409
    Keywords: Legal reasoning ; knowledge representation ; facts extraction
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Computer Science , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract In knowledge-based consultation systems, the quality of the advice rendered depends on the techniques employed to represent the domain knowledge, the explanation generating capabilities, and the control strategies utilized during the consultative advice stage. The ability to understand the problem is more crucial in providing effective consultation. In this work, the emphasis is on understanding and the consequent formulation of a plausible internal representation of legal briefs. The system developed, SIFTER, reads the given input text from a legal practitioner's point of view and retrieves from it those facts that are relevant to the particular type of case on hand. In other words, it uses the domain specific knowledge to identify the type of case and to yank out the necessary information pertaining to the case. The SIFTER generates a noun-phrase processed form of the input which contains pseudo names for the proper-nouns, dates and time-intervals. The verbs in the processed input are used to check whether the case specific events have occurred or not and then the appropriate fact-containing noun-phrases are used to instantiate the relevant legal variables and, hence, to construct an internal representation of the given problem which can then be readily used by the consultative advice stage of a problem solver or analyzer. The implementation has been done in LISP culling the required domain knowledge from the Industrial Dispute Act of India.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00242163
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Significance of logarithmic throwing index: a theoretical approach (1976)
    Springer
    Journal of applied electrochemistry 6 (1976), S. 15-22 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8838
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Abstract An expression for the metal distribution ratio in electroplating systems as a function of the primary current density ratioL in the formM=L [W(1−r)/(1+K)] is derived.W,r andK are three dimensionless parameters related to the current efficiency ratio, the concentration polarization and activation polarization during the metal discharge. The function [W(1−r)/1+K] is compared with 1/A, the logarithmic throwing index empirically determined by Chin. The metal distribution ratio calculated by the use of the above formula is compared with the experimentally observed values. The close agreement between the two within an accuracy of 10% proves the validity of the equation derived. The logarithmic throwing power of electroplating systems is thus confirmed on theoretical grounds.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01058865
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Bubble migration inside a liquid drop in a space laboratory (1982)
    Springer
    Flow, turbulence and combustion 38 (1982), S. 179-186 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1987
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract Commercial production of glasses for advanced applications often requires processing techniques substantially different from those in common use. In particular, containerless processing is desirable where melt temperatures are sufficiently high that the container wall reacts chemically with the melt and/or promotes crystallization. An ideal environment for containerless processing is provided by the NASA Space Shuttle program because in orbit, near free fall conditions prevail and little levitation is necessary. In such an environment, however, there are serious problems associated with convective mixing and buoyant fining (bubble removal) of glass melts. Alternate techniques for the promotion of mixing and for managing bubbles in space have been proposed by Subramanian and Cole and include thermocapillarity, rotation, oscillation, etc. This paper will describe these experiments and discuss two of a number of ongoing ground-based projects in support of the flight experiments.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00385947
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Laser cladding of zirconium on magnesium for improved corrosion properties (1991)
    Springer
    Journal of materials science 26 (1991), S. 951-956 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4803
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract Laser cladding of Mg-2 wt% Zr, and Mg-5wt% Zr powder mixture onto magnesium was carried out. The microstructure of the laser clad was studied. From the microstructural study, the epitaxial regrowth of the clad region on the underlying substrate was observed. Martensite plates of different size were observed in transmission electron microscope for Mg-2wt% Zr and Mg-5wt% Zr laser clad. The corrosion properties of the laser clad were evaluated in sea-water (3.5% NaCl). The position of the laser claddings in the galvanic series of metals in sea-water, the anodic polarization characteristics of the laser claddings and the protective nature and the stability of the passivating film formed have been determined. The formation of pitting on the surface of the laser clad subjected to corrosion has been reported. The corrosion properties of the laser claddings have been compared with that of the commercially used magnesium alloy AZ91 B.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00576771
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