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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    MCSCF reaction-path energetics and thermal rate-constants for the reaction of3NH with H2 (1994)
    Springer
    Theoretical chemistry accounts 89 (1994), S. 157-168 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2234
    Keywords: Multi-configuration self-consistent field method ; Reaction-path energetics ; Thermal rate-constants
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary The intrinsic reaction-path, reactants, transition state and products for the reaction of NH (3∑−)+H2 (1∑ g + ) → NH2 (2B1)+H (2S) involving the lowest triplet electronic state of NH3 were calculated using multi-configuration (MC) SCF methods. The calculated change of internal energy for the reaction of 11.0 kcal mol−1 agrees with the experimental value within 2 kcal mol−1. The barrier to reaction is 23.4 kcal mol−1 high. The harmonic MCSCF reaction-path potential was calculated and canonical variational transition state theory calculations of the rate constants performed over a temperature range from 400 to 2500 K. The computed rate constants are generally two orders of magnitude smaller than those of the comparable reaction of OH with H2, whereas those of the reverse reaction are by a factor of 20 larger than those of OH2 with H.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01132799
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Numerical modeling of titanium carbide synthesis in thermal plasma reactors (1994)
    Springer
    Plasma chemistry and plasma processing 14 (1994), S. 333-360 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8986
    Keywords: Plasma processing ; thermal plasma ; titanium carbide ; numerical modeling ; nucleation ; soot ; chemical kinetics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Technology
    Notes: Abstract Titanium carbide powders synthesized in thermal plasma reactors are virtually always contaminated by soot. Equilibrium modeling predicts a viable process window without soot formation; however, this has not been achieved in practice. A numerical model incorporating chemical kinetics, nucleation and growth, and soot formation mechanisms has been developed to investigate this process. The chemical kinetic scheme teas based on ethylene pyrolysis and methane combustion with additional reactions to account for titanium-based molecules and the free carbon species found at plasma temperatures. Nucleation and .soot formation were based on simple kinetic models. The governing equations were integrated through time using typical temperature-time histories found by computational fluid dynamic (CFD) modeling of a radio frequency plasma torch. The results indicate that the synthesis is governed by interactions between several parallel processes and that there is a delicate balance between reactant stoichiometry, system pressure, cooling rate, product formation, and soot formation. This balance may be a limiting feature of ceramic carbide production in thermal plasma reactors.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01447085
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The measurement of radiative and conductive heat transfer in ice and snow (1967)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied climatology 15 (1967), S. 24-38 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-4483
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Die wichtige Rolle der Strahlung beim Energietransport in Eis und Schnee wird erläutert. Es werden Instrumente beschrieben, welche dank eines neuartigen, hochempfindlichen Thermoelementenbandes einfacher Bauert die Messung des Strahlungs- und Wärmeleitungsstromes in Eis und Schnee ermöglichen. Die Eichung der Instrumente erfolgte im Laboratorium und in natürlichem Schnee der australischen Alpen. Die ersten Messungen dort und in der Antarktis bestätigen, daß in beiden Gegenden die Strahlung unterhalb der Oberfläche wesentlich zum Wärmehaushalt der oberen Schichten beiträgt.
    Abstract: Résumé On discute le rôle que joue le rayonnement dans le transport de l'énergie dans la glace et la neige. On décrit des instruments qui permettent de mesurer les flux de rayonnement et de chaleur de conduction dans la glace et la neige grâce à des bandes de couples thermo-électriques nouvelles, très sensibles et de construction simple. L'étalonnage des instruments a été fait tant au laboratoire que dans la neige en place dans les Alpes australiennes. Les premières mesures qui furent effectuées tant là-bas que dans l'Antarctique apportent la preuve que, dans ces deux régions, le rayonnement au-dessous de la surface contribue de façon substantielle à l'économie thermique des couches supérieures.
    Notes: Summary The importance of radiation as a mode of energy transfer in ice and snow is established and instruments are described which enable both radiated and conducted heat to be measured inside a cover. They utilize a novel high-sensitivity thermopile of simple construction and have been calibrated by both laboratory and field methods. Preliminary measurements with these instruments for snow fields as different as those of the Australian Alps and Antarctica show that in both regions the sub-surface radiation plays an important part in the heat economy of the upper snow layers.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02319108
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  • 4
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    The measurement of radiative and conductive heat transfer in ice and snow (1967)
    Springer
    Details
    Publication Date: 1967-02-01
    Print ISSN: 0066-6424
    Electronic ISSN: 1434-4483
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Published by Springer
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