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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Gastric lysozyme as a digestive enzyme in the hoatzin (Opisthocomus hoazin), a ruminant-like folivorous bird (1994)
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular life sciences 50 (1994), S. 499-501 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Keywords: Lysozyme ; birds ; herbivory ; foregut fermentation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The hoatzin is the only bird known to have pregastric fermentation in the crop. This digestive strategy is supported by morphological and microbiological adaptations analogous to those present in ruminants and ruminant-like mammals. The hoatzin expresses a lysozyme-like bacteriolytic activity in its foregut. The enzyme has a high activity, and its low pH optimum, pepsin resistance and localization to the proventriculus allow it to be active for digestion in the stomach. The hoatzin enzyme and the ruminant gastric lysozyme present similar biochemical characteristics. The lysis of bacterial cells may be of significance for the nutrition of the hoatzin. We propose that the hoatzin expresses a lysozyme which has been recruited to function as a digestive enzyme, representing a unique case of evolutionary convergence of digestive adaptations in this bird and foregut fermenter mammals.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01920757
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Groundwater pollution in Quaternary aquifer of Vitoria – Gasteiz (Basque Country, Spain) (1997)
    Springer
    Environmental geology 30 (1997), S. 257-265 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0495
    Keywords: Key words Groundwater pollution ; Basque Country
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract  As a result of diverse changes in land use and in water-resource management in the high basin of the Zadorra River (Basque Country), an important loss of water resources and an intense contamination by nitrogen compounds has taken place. The purpose of this paper is to detail the land transformations that have taken place on the aquifer since the 1950s: increase of drainage network, change from dry to irrigated farming, and diversion of rivers at the aquifer unit inlet. Furthermore, we analyze the impact of these transformations on the hydrodynamics and water quality of this aquifer system.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002540050155
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A comparative study of inulin and sodium sulfanilate clearances in sheep and goats (1971)
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular life sciences 27 (1971), S. 1305-1307 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Natrium-Sulfanilat-Clearance kann bei Schafen und Ziegen nicht als Mass für die Glomerulumfiltration verwendet werden, da Natrium-Sulfanilat glomerulär filtriert und tubulär sezerniert wird.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02136704
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Molecular interactions at biointerfaces: a study of lipid adsorption (1995)
    Springer
    Journal of materials science 6 (1995), S. 754-761 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4838
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Technology
    Notes: The study of the behaviour of biointerfaces is of great interest because it enables us to gain a much better understanding of the interactions between different biological compounds. Superficial processes are strongly dependent on such interactions. In the present work, we have focused our attention on the adsorption of a cationic lipid onto different colloidal polymer systems. Subsequently, the coadsorption of this lipid and an immunoprotein (F(ab') 2) was performed trying to achieve stable latex particles. The aim was to obtain a structured interface similar to that of a simple biological membrane. Mainly, we have placed emphasis on the study of interaction forces that govern lipid adsorption when we change the dielectric constant in the medium. In order to obtain homogeneous aqueous lipid solutions some ethanol was added to samples. The adsorption isotherms were carried out at different experimental conditions, changing the ethanol contents and the pH of the environment. Moreover, the electrokinetic behaviour and the colloidal stability of these biocomplexes were studied, and both yielded highly compatible results. The adsorption of lipid onto polymeric sorbents is an irreversible process that takes place rapidly. The preferential interaction between the lipid and polymeric surfaces is electrostatic. Only in those samples with low alcohol concentration, hydrophobic forces take place weakly. Lipid-surface interactions are influenced by the nature of buffer ions. The colloidal stability of the systems decreases as the amount of the adsorbed lipid is higher. Sequential coadsorption experiments showed that the lipid molecules adhere both to the polymer surface and to the previously adsorbed immunoprotein.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00134313
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Carbohydrate composition of purified serum glycoproteins in Mucolipidosis II and Mucolipidosis III (1978)
    Springer
    Molecular and cellular biochemistry 21 (1978), S. 17-31 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4919
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Mucolipidosis II (I-cell disease) and Mucolipidosis III (ML III) are inherited disorders in which the molecular defect may involve an abnormality in a common post-translational modification step (possibly glycosylation) shared by lysosomal hydrolases. We tested whether such an alteration might be a generalized defect in glycoprotein biosynthesis and, thus, be reflected in an abnormal carbohydrate composition of non-lysosomal glycoproteins. The apoprotein of low density lipoprotein (apo-LDL) and immunoglobulin G (IgG) were purified to apparent homogeneity. Gas liquid chromatographic (glc) analysis of the carbohydrate content of these glycoproteins from ML II, ML III and normal sera revealed no differences in the relative ratios and total amounts of mannose, galactose, N-acetylglucosamine and sialic acid. These results suggest that if the postulated post-translational defect in these disorders involves changes in carbohydrate composition, it is not a general defect in glycosylation and may be specific for lysosomal hydrolases.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00230192
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Monolayers of γ-globulin at the air–water interface (1999)
    Springer
    Colloid & polymer science 277 (1999), S. 1083-1086 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-1536
    Keywords: Key wordsγ-globulin ; Monolayers ; Molecular area
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract Monolayer formation, of γ-globulin at the air–water interface has been investigated under varying subphase compositions. At pH 7.4, it is found that a stable monolayer is obtained only when the ionic strength is greater than 0.5 M. The magnitude of the collapse pressure increases with increasing ionic strength of the subphase. These data are analyzed in comparison to the literature data.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s003960050494
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chain dependence in phospholipid interactions: A thermodynamic study of mixed monolayers (1998)
    Springer
    Colloid & polymer science 276 (1998), S. 239-246 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-1536
    Keywords: Key words Miscibility ; interaction parameter ; lipids ; mixed mono-layers
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract  The interactions between three of the major phospholipids in biomembranes, distearoylphos-phatidylethanolamine, distearoylphosphatidylcholine and sphyngomyelin, forming monolayers at the air–water interface, are studied. Following the Goodrich [1] thermo-dynamic formulation, a quantitative analysis on these interactions is carried out. The general conclusion reached is that, depending on the molecular structure of the lipid and the experimental temperature, significant interactions occur between lipid molecules. One hypothesis is the possibility that, the usual miscibility analysis, in mixed monolayers, could be inadequate to provide information on the interactions in the systems which the hydration forces are significant, is advanced.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s003960050234
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A stochastic model for the spatial distribution of species based on an aggregation–repulsion rule (2000)
    Springer
    Population ecology 42 (2000), S. 293-303 
    Details
    ISSN: 1437-5613
    Keywords: Key words Heterogeneity ; Scale ; Parsimonious model Trap size ; Diptera
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The heterogeneity associated with the spatial distribution of organisms is an awkward problem in ecology because this heterogeneity directly depends on the sampling scale. To specify the scope of the influence of sampling scale on the level of species aggregation, we need data sets that entail excessive sampling costs in situ. To find a solution for this problem, we can use models to simulate patterns of organisms. These models are often very complex models that take into account heterogeneity of habitats and displacement or longevity of studied species. In this article, we introduce a new stochastic model to simulate patterns for one taxon and we want this model to be parsimonious, i.e., with few parameters and able to simulate observed patterns. This model is based on an aggregation–repulsion rule. This aggregation–repulsion rule is defined by two parameters. On a large scale, the number of aggregates present on the pattern is the first parameter. On a smaller scale, the level of aggregation–repulsion among individuals is determined by a probability distribution. These two parameters are estimated from field data set in a robust way so that the simulated patterns reflect the observed heterogeneity. We apply this model to entomological data: four Diptera families, namely the Sciaridae, Phoridae, Cecidomyiidae, and Empididae. The field data for the Phoridae family are used to simulate sampling using different trap sizes. We record changes in the coefficient of variation (C) as a function of the sampling scale, and we can suggest to ecologists emergence traps of 0.6 m2, in other words a square 77 × 77 cm trap, to obtain a C value under 20%.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/PL00012007
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A method for long-term micropropagation of Phaseolus coccineus L. (1993)
    Springer
    Plant cell reports 12 (1993), S. 395-398 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-203X
    Keywords: Phaseolus cocdneus ; Plant regeneration ; Chromosome number ; Isozymes
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract A method for long-term plant regeneration of Phaseolus coccineus L, is described. Shoot-tips and cotyledonary nodes cultured on a Murashige and Skoog medium supplemented with N6-benzylaminopurine, 10 μM, and α-naphthaleneacetic acid, 1μM, formed multiple bud-shoots. These shoots were transferred to medium containing BAP 1 μM, NAA 0.1 μM, and gibberellic acid 3 μM to promote shoot growth and further shoot multiplication. Rooting was achieved in medium with 11 μM indole-3-acetic acid. Rooted plants grew to maturity and were fertile. Cultures have maintained their ability to regenerate plants for more than two years. A sample of 30 regenerated plants (R0) was tested for chromosome number, all of them being diploid; seven isozymatic systems were electrophpretically analyzed in 82 R0 regenerated plants. No differences were observed in their electrophoretic patterns in comparison with those shown by seedlings. Histological studies revealed the origin of buds from calluses via organogenesis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00234699
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Toxicity Assessment of Pesticides Using the Microtox Test: Application to Environmental Samples (1997)
    Springer
    Bulletin of environmental contamination and toxicology 59 (1997), S. 619-625 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0800
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001289900524
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