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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular life sciences 18 (1962), S. 34-35 
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary In the serum of rabbits,in vitro protein-synthesis takes place only in the presence of mitochondria (liver) and only with amino acids. Proteins synthesized in this manner are not identifiable with the serum proteins.
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular life sciences 23 (1967), S. 146-146 
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Young immature rats of both sexes were fed with a diet either high (1.95%) or low (0.31%) in Ca content. A s.c. injection of weightless90Sr results in a better excretion of radiostrontium with the faeces during feeding with high Ca diet. The retention of activity in the femori 30 days after injection is, in the same case, lower than by feeding with low Ca diet.
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Naturwissenschaften 47 (1960), S. 402-402 
    ISSN: 1432-1904
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Naturwissenschaften 50 (1963), S. 734-735 
    ISSN: 1432-1904
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Natural Sciences in General
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Naturwissenschaften 53 (1966), S. 480-480 
    ISSN: 1432-1904
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Naturwissenschaften 44 (1957), S. 587-587 
    ISSN: 1432-1904
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Natural Sciences in General
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Naturwissenschaften 46 (1959), S. 515-515 
    ISSN: 1432-1904
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Natural Sciences in General
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Naturwissenschaften 49 (1962), S. 164-164 
    ISSN: 1432-1904
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Natural Sciences in General
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Helgoland marine research 9 (1964), S. 223-229 
    ISSN: 1438-3888
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung 1. Strahlenschutzstoffe der Sulfhydrilreihe und einzelne biogene Amine, insbesondere das Histamin, werden auf die Möglichkeit des Zusammenhanges ihrer Wirkungsweise hin untersucht. 2. Es wird am Gewebe des Mäusedünndarms festgestellt, daß die freie SH-Gruppe eine Hemmung der verschiedenen Fermentkomplexe hervorruft, welche das in den Geweben freigesetzte Histamin oxydieren oder substitutiv verändern. Diese Beobachtung wird sowohl in vitro an Darmhomogenat als auch in vivo nach intraperitonealer Injektion des jeweiligen strahlenschutzwirksamen SH-Körpers gemacht. 3. Die Hemmung ist in beiden Fällen von der Konzentration des verwendeten SH-Schutzstoffes abhängig. 4. Disulfide, die als Strahlenschutzstoffe keine oder eine nur sehr geringe Wirkung haben, zeigen diese Hemmung weder in vitro noch nach Injektion am lebenden Tier. Die Hemmung der Aktivität der Fermente, welche das im Gewebe gebildete Histamin abbauen oder verändern, ist daher in diesem Falle vom Vorhandensein der freien SH-Gruppe abhängig. 5. Auf Grund dieser Ergebnisse wird vermutet, daß die durch diese Vorgänge erzeugte lokale Häufung des Histamins im Gewebe möglicherweise eine zusätzliche Schutzwirkung hervorruft, die auf der bereits bekannten, pharmakologisch bedingten Schutzwirkung des Histamins beruht.
    Notes: Abstract Sulfhydril compounds and biogenic amines could have a similar mode of action as radioprotectors. In order to check on this possibility, the influence of several sulfhydril compounds on histaminase has been examined. Small known amounts of histamine were added to tissue homogenates in 0.1 M phosphate buffer pH 7.2 and fermentation at 37° C was interrupted after 60 minutes with perchloric acid. The estimation of remaining histamine was carried out fluorometrically by combining with o-Phthalaldehyde after extraction with butanol (modification ofShore's method). In mouse ileum and jejunum it was found that the enzymes oxydizing and substituting histamine were blocked by the free SH-group. With AET, cysteamine and cysteine this effect was shown in homogenates in vitro as well as in the same tissue of animals in vivo after intraperitoneal injection of suitable concentrations of the compounds mentioned above. The effect depended on the concentration of the substances varying between 10−3 and 10−4 M. Compounds with their sulfhydril group oxydized to the disulfide, e. g. cystine and cystamine, did not inhibit the enzymes in vitro and in vivo. This inhibition of enzymes which normally destroy histamine in the tissue by oxydation or substitution leads probably to an accumulation of histamine. It is assumed that this accumulation contributes to the prophylactic effect to the sulfhydril compounds against irradiation, since histamine lowers the oxygen tension in the tissues and acts as a good radio-protector. The effect mentioned in this work would reveal a common feature in the mode of action as radio-protectors both of sulfhydril compounds and biogenic amines.
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Helgoland marine research 14 (1966), S. 358-368 
    ISSN: 1438-3888
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung 1. Im Warburg-Apparat werden sowohl bei Körpertemperatur als auch bei 4° C an Darmsäckchen von Duodenum, Jejunum und Ileum, Probleme der Diffusion und des aktiven Transportes von Ca und Sr studiert. Der aktive Transport wird unter Sauerstoff, die verschiedenen Formen der Diffusion unter Stickstoff und durch Blockieren des Stoffwechsels mittels Cyanid geprüft; dabei werden45Ca und99Sr von hoher spezifischer Aktivität verwendet. 2. Die Diffusion beider Elemente zeigt bei tiefer Temperatur und bei Körpertemperatur dasselbe Verhältnis (Ca/Sr); bei 38° C ist die Intensität jedoch höher. 3. Der Quotient ist mit etwa 3 höher im Duodenum und in den proximalen Teilen des Jejunums als in den distalen Teilen des Darmes, wo er etwa 2 und weniger beträgt. 4. Während des aktiven Transportes zeigt der Quotient im Gewebe und auf der Serosaseite keine Veränderung. Es wird daher angenommen, daß die Selektion zwischen den beiden Elementen sofort beim Eintritt in die Mucosa stattfindet. 5. Bei Ratten und Mäusen ergeben sich ähnliche Verhältnisse. Meerschweinchen dagegen zeigen für Ca stärkere Permeation und geringere Retention im Gewebe und demgemäß höhere Quotienten für Ca/Sr. 6. Bei allen untersuchten Tieren wird nach Applikation von Ca-Salzen (Gluconat und Lactat) die Permeation des Ca wesentlich erhöht, nicht aber der Eintritt des (gewichtslosen) Sr verstärkt. 7. Der Umstand, daß diese Veränderung sowohl unter den Bedingungen der Diffusion als auch unter denen des aktiven Transportes eintritt, legt die Annahme nahe, daß die Selektion zwischen den beiden Elementen vorwiegend von Verschiedenheiten im physikalischen Zustand der beiden Ionen (Atomvolumen, Hydratation des Ions) abhängig ist.
    Notes: Abstract The possible modes of permeation of Ca and Sr through the intestinal epithelium are discussed. The problems of the diffusion and the active transport were studied with prepared bags of duodenum, jejunum and ileum of normal but still immature animals (both sexes) in the Warburg apparatus, at body temperature and in some cases at 4° C. Active transport occurs under oxygen, whereas under nitrogen and blockade of the metabolism with cyanide, only diffusion takes place. Isotopes (45Ca and90Sr) of high specific activity were used. The diffusion of both elements shows the same ratio at low and at body temperature, with an higher intensity of course at 38° C. This ratio (Ca/Sr) is approximately 3 in the duodenum and in the proximal parts of the jejunum; in the distal parts of the intestine, it is approximately 2 or lower. During active transport there is no alteration in these ratios within the serosa in the tissue. Therefore the selection between the two elements takes place immediatly at the entrance in the mucosa. There are only small and negligible differences between rats and mice. In the intestine of guinea pigs, however, a remarkably higher permeation of Ca and lower retention in the tissue, and consequently higher quotients for Ca/Sr, can be observed. The application of Ca-salts (gluconate, lactate) enhances the permeation of Ca and diminishes the entrance of Sr in all animals. The fact that this alteration takes place during conditions of diffusion as well as of active transport supports the assumption that the selection is preferably dependent upon the differences of the physical state of the two ions (atom volume, hydratation of the ions) rather than on their chemical properties.
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