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  • Springer  (24)
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Structure, formation, and decomposition of APB's in calcic plagioclase (1980)
    Springer
    Physics and chemistry of minerals 6 (1980), S. 169-186 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2021
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract In calcic plagioclase (Ca, Na) [(Al, Si) AlSi2O8] Al-Si ordering produces superstructures with periodic and non periodic antiphase boundaries (APB's). Crystals growing at high temperature close to the melting point and cooling fairly rapidly order by nucleation of ordered domains which grow, resulting in an irregular pattern of curved APB's (b plagioclase). A modulated structure with periodic APB's forms by continuous ordering at large undercooling below the critical ordering temperature (e plagioclase). During annealing APB's are eliminated by pairwise recombination of adjacent APB's to reduce strain energy along the boundaries thereby transforming nonstable e plagioclase into stable b plagioclase without change in chemical composition. This process is often accompanied by a chemical phase separation with APB's providing favorable surfaces for diffusion. Transformations are documented by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) micrographs illustrating the variation in morphology of APB patterns in igneous and metamorphic plagioclase. They are in agreement with Korekawa et al.'s (1978) model of intermediate plagioclase which relies on periodic stacking of basic units rather than wavelike modulations. The paper includes observations of a new type of satellite in Stillwater bytownite (‘h’ satellites) which are due to fine lamellar exsolution.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00309854
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The nature of ordering and ordering defects in dolomite (1982)
    Springer
    Physics and chemistry of minerals 8 (1982), S. 29-35 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2021
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The apparent lack of transformation-induced domains and stacking disorder defects in natural dolomites is considered in light of the different types of order in the dolomite structure. Experimentally produced twin domain boundaries and basal stacking defects are documented in a dolomite using high-resolution electron microscopy and electron diffraction techniques. Results reveal that upon cation ordering to form the dolomite structure, a twin domain is favored over an antiphase domain. The twin domain boundaries closely resemble antiphase boundaries (APB's) and are in contrast for superlattice reflections. However, background contrast within domains is shown to be different when imaged using certain fundamental reflections. The results allow speculation about the nature of ordering at low temperatures. Observations of twin domain boundaries in samples annealed at different temperatures allow estimation of the critical ordering temperature at 1,100°–1,150° C in stoichiometric dolomite.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00311160
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Histological and histochemical studies on the subfornical organ of the squirrel monkey (1968)
    Springer
    Histochemistry and cell biology 13 (1968), S. 331-345 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-119X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Detailed studies have been made on the distribution of several enzymes in the subfornical organ (SFO) of the squirrel monkey. In this species, the nerve cells of the SFO show reactions of varying intensity for enzymes of the glycolytic and aerobic pathways. The nerve cells, glial cells and ependymal cells of the SFO and the choroid plexus are equipped with enzymes of the Embden-Meyerhof (EM) pathway, pentose cycle and tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle. Many nerve cells and oligodendroglia in the body of this organ are rich in enzymes of the TCA cycle and the pentose cycle and thus presumably have the capacity of producing adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH2) [reduced triphosphopyridine nucleotide (TPNH)]. In the neurons, ATP is probably used as energy for synaptic transmission, active transport, secretion and various other metabolic processes, whereas NADPH2 is used for synthetic processes such as the production of fatty acids and some amino acid conversion (e.g., conversion of phenylalanine into tyrosine). The SFO and its stalks contain both cholinergic and adrenergic neurons and fibers. The outermost layer of the perivascular sheath gives a positive reaction for enzymes of the gylcolytic pathways (EM pathway, pentose cycle and TCA cycle), whereas the inner layer of this sheath shows negligible activity for these enzymes. On the other hand, the whole sheath (inner and outer layers) exhibits strong staining for Mg++-activated adenosine triphosphatase (ATPase), and moderate staining for Ca++-activated ATPase. This sheath, rich in ATPase, may carry on active transport and such related functions. Since the outermost layer contains various enzymes of the glycolytic pathways, it is possible that the ATP required for these functions is produced in this layer.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00280955
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Enzyme-histochemical studies on the muscle spindle (1968)
    Springer
    Histochemistry and cell biology 16 (1968), S. 1-8 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-119X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Detailed studies have been made on the distribution of several enzymes in the muscle spindles of the hand and foot interosseous muscles and M. longissimus dorsi of the rhesus monkey as well as in those of the hand interosseous muscles of the squirrel monkey. The intrafusal muscle fibers (IMF) of the rhesus monkey can be classified into two types by the reaction intensity at the polar regions for adenosine triphosphatases and by the enzymes concerning the carbohydrate metabolism except glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, while the extrafusal muscle fibers (EMF) show three types of reactions for the enzymes of the Embden-Meyerhof pathway and the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle. The IMF and EMF of the squirrel monkey are more variable than those of the rhesus monkey for the glycogen breakdown enzyme. It is possible that the small IMF are more capable of energy production through the TCA cycle than the large IMF and the EMF in both species. The positive cholinesterases reactions are found around the polar regions of the IMF, while only the rim of the equator of the IMF shows monoamine oxidase activity. The pericapsular epithelial cells of the muscle spindle seem to be metabolically similar to the perineural epithelial cells.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00306206
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Global methods for stroke segmentation (1999)
    Springer
    International journal on document analysis and recognition 2 (1999), S. 19-23 
    Details
    ISSN: 1433-2825
    Keywords: Key words:Line fitting – B-spline – Segmentation – Character recognition
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Abstract. Two methods for stroke segmentation from a global point of view are presented and compared. One is based on thinning methods and the other is based on contour curve fitting. For both cases an input image is binarized. For the former, Hilditch's method is used, then crossing points are sought, around which a domain is constructed. Outside the domain, a set of line segments are identified. These lines are connected and approximated by cubic B-spline curves. Smoothly connected lines are selected as segmented curves. This method works well for a limited class of crossing lines, which are shown experimentally. In the latter, a contour line is approximated by cubic B-spline curve, along which curvature is measured. According to the extreme points of the curvature graph, the contour line is segmented, based on which the line segment is obtained. Experimental results are shown for some difficult cases.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s100320050032
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Characterization of genetic diversity of nuclear and mitochondrial genomes in Daucus varieties by RAPD and AFLP (1998)
    Springer
    Plant cell reports 17 (1998), S. 848-853 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-203X
    Keywords: Key words Carrot ; Cytoplasmic male sterility ; Dendrogram ; Genetic distance ; Wild species
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The genetic diversity of nuclear genomes of five Daucus species and seven Daucus carota L. subspecies involving 26 accessions was characterized with random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) and amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP). AFLP produced more than four times as many discrete bands per reaction compared with RAPD analysis, while both AFLP and RAPD basically led to similar conclusions. The dendrograms constructed with both RAPD and AFLP revealed that all accessions of D. carota were grouped into a major cluster delimited from other Daucus species, in good agreement with the classification by morphological char-acteristics. All accessions of cultivated carrots [(D. carota ssp. sativus (Hoffm.) Arcang.] were clustered in the same group while the variation within D. carota was relatively extensive. Genetic diversity of mitochondrial genomes was also documented with RAPD for the same accessions. The mitochondrial dendrogram differed from that of the nuclear genome, suggesting that nuclear and mitochondrial genomes of some accessions had separate evolutionary histories.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002990050496
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Morphological changes in homeotic cytoplasmic male-sterile carrots combined with fertile cytoplasm by asymmetrical cell fusion (2000)
    Springer
    Plant cell reports 19 (2000), S. 363-370 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-203X
    Keywords: Key words Daucus carota L. ; Mitochondrial DNA ; Repeated cell fusion
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract  The cytoplasmic male-sterile (CMS) carrot (Daucus carota ssp. sativus) with the petaloid phenotype was asymmetrically fused with eight different fertile cytoplasms to convert the CMS to a fertile state. Restoration to the fertile phenotype was successful with an over 20% efficiency. Cybrids with brown anther sterile, incomplete petaloid sterile, or "combined flower" fused on the same axis were also observed. Restricted DNA fragment patterns revealed that the mitochondrial genome organizations of the cybrids were not identical to those of their parents but were of an intermediate type. Repeated cell fusion to introduce two different foreign cytoplasms into the CMS cytoplasm was effective for obtaining fertile plants. The role of mitochondrial factors which regulate flower organ morphogenesis was demonstrated.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002990050741
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Genetic variation of petaloid male-sterile cytoplasm of carrots revealed by sequence-tagged sites (STSs) (1999)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 99 (1999), S. 837-843 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Key words Daucus carota spp. sativus ; RAPD ; Cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS) ; Asymmetric cell fusion
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract  The mitochondrial DNA of various carrot lines was characterized by random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analysis, and six sequence-tagged sites (STSs) led to identification of the petaloid type of cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS). Using six STS primer combinations, we were able to classify five CMS lines into two groups and eight fertile carrots into six groups. Both the STS1 and the STS4 primer combinations differentiated CMS cytoplasms from the fertile cytoplasms, and the STS2 primer combination revealed two different types of CMS cytoplasms – of Wisconsin Wild and Cornell origins. Cybrid carrot lines with petaloid flowers which had been obtained by asymmetric cell fusion could also be separated from fertile cybrids by the STS1 primer combination. The STS1 fragment contained a homologous sequence with the orfB gene. DNA gel blot analysis indicated that homologous regions to the STS1 fragment existed in fertile types as well as the CMS types, although the restriction fragment size patterns differed. These observations demonstrate that rearrangements involving this region occurred in the mitochondrial genome. The STS4 fragment had a more complicated gene structure, including retrotransposon-like sequences and small segments of chloroplast genome.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001220051303
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Immunolocalization of latent transforming growth factor-ß binding protein-1 (LTBP1) during mouse development: possible roles in epithelial and mesenchymal cytodifferentiation (1999)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 295 (1999), S. 257-267 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Key words Latent TGFβ-binding protein ; Extracellular matrix ; Microfibril ; Mouse embryo (ICR)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Latent transforming growth factor-β binding protein-1 (LTBP1) is a member of the fibrillin family; it is a glycoprotein of more than 190 kDa that is characterized by its possession of 16–18 epidermal growth factor-like motifs and 8 cysteine residues. The secretion of transforming growth factor-β involves its release from cells in a large latent complex containing LTBP1, a latency-associated peptide, and the mature region of the growth factor. Using a polyclonal antibody specific for LTBP1 (Ab39), we examined the immunohistochemical localization of this molecule during mouse embryogenesis between 8.5 and 13.5 embryonic days. An extracellular fibrillar structure containing LTBP1 was found in both the basement membrane of epithelia and mesenchymal tissue in which extensive tissue remodeling is carried out. Immunoelectron microscopy revealed Ab39 immunoreactivity on a 5- to 10-nm microfibrillar component of these basement membranes as well as in mesenchymal tissue. These results suggest that LTBP1 is one of the extracellular microfibrillar components of the basement membrane and of mesenchymal tissue, and that it may play an important role in the regulation of developmental phenomena involved in epithelial-mesenchymal interaction and epithelial differentiation, processes in which transforming growth factor-β is required for the control of cellular differentiation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004410051232
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Assembly of plasmid DNA and chromatophore inRhodospirillum rubrum (2000)
    Springer
    Protoplasma 214 (2000), S. 158-165 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6102
    Keywords: Chromatophore ; In situ hybridization ; Photosynthetic bacterium ; Plasmid
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Rhodospirillum rubrum, a photosynthetic bacterium, contains many photosynthetic vesicular membranous structures called chromatophores. The organism contains a 55 kb specific plasmid which is essential for photosynthesis, but the exact relationship between the chromatophore and the plasmid is uncertain. In this study we examined the precise localization of the plasmids, especially in relation to the chromatophores. Fluorescence in situ hybridization indicated that there are several copies of the plasmid per cell and that some plasmids are localized close to the cellular envelope. In situ hybridization at the electron-microscopic level further revealed that the plasmid localized to the periphery of the chromatophore close to the envelope. Moreover, when the chromatophore fraction was purified from cells, the plasmid DNA was observed as a cluster around the chromatophore vesicles. The assembly of the plasmid and chromatophore may be related to chromatophore formation by invagination of cell membrane.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01279060
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