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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Halide permeation through three types of epithelial anion channels after reconstitution into giant liposomes (1993)
    Springer
    European biophysics journal 22 (1993), S. 5-11 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1017
    Keywords: Chloride channel ; Epithelium ; Ion permeation ; Mole fraction ; Liposomes
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Anion-selective channels from apical membranes of cultured CFPAC-1 cells were isolated and incorporated into giant liposomes for patch clamp recording. Liposomes were formed from L-α-lecithin by a dehydration-hydration method. Ion channels were characterized using the excised inside-out patch clamp configuration. The most commonly observed anion channels were similar to those observed in native epithelial tissues. The linear 20 pS Cl channel had the halide permeability sequence Cl− 〉 I− ≥ Br− 〉 F−, and showed anomalous mole-fraction behavior in solutions containing different proportions of Cl− and F−, ions. The autwardly rectifying Cl− channel had the halide permeability sequence I− 〉 Br− 〉 Cl− 〉 F−, and also showed anomalous molefraction behavior, indicating that both these channels probably contain multi-ion pores. The third, voltage-dependent anion channel showed at least five different substrates, had a conductance of 390 pS in the main state, and showed two types of kinetics, fast (openings and closings 〈 1 ms), and slow (openings and closings 〉 1 s). The channel was seen more frequently after reconstitution into giant liposomes than in intact cells. It was not selective amongst the halides, and there was no deviation from a linear dependence of relative current on molar fractions, indicating relatively simple permeation through the pore. Differences in halide permeabilities suggest that different anion channels may be related to different membrane proteins. Comparison with the chloride channel proteins isolated biochemically from epithelial cell membranes is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00205807
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Simple technique for estimation of biofilm accumulation (1994)
    Springer
    Bulletin of environmental contamination and toxicology 53 (1994), S. 913-918 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0800
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00196224
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A design of CuInS2 single-crystal growth by the travelling-heater method (1983)
    Springer
    Il nuovo cimento della Società Italiana di Fisica 2 (1983), S. 1762-1766 
    Details
    ISSN: 0392-6737
    Keywords: Methods of crystal growth and purification
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Riassunto Si è fatta un'analisi teorica per studiare la cinetica coinvolta nella crescita del cristallo di CuInS2 col metodo del riscaldatore mobile. Si sviluppa uno schema numerico per calcolare il gradiente di temperatura in ogni punto del sistema. Si è ottenuta una stima numerica del valore di massimo accrescimento come suggerimento per stabilire la velocità di spostamento del riscaldatore nell'esperimento pratico.
    Abstract: Резюме Проводится теоретический анализ кинетики выращивания кристалла CuInS2, используя метод перемещающегося нагревателя. Развивается схема вычисления градиента температуры в любой точке внутри системы. Получается численная оценка максимальной скорости роста для установления скорости перемещения нагревателя в практическом эксперименте.
    Notes: Summary A theoretical analysis has been carried out to investigate the kinetics involved in the CuInS2 crystal growth by the travelling-heater method. A numerical scheme is developed to compute the temperature gradient at any point inside the system. A numeric estimate of the maximum growth rate was obtained as a suggestion for setting the travelling speed of the heater in the practical experiment.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02457863
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A theoretical analysis of epitaxial growth of CuInS2 by chemical vapour deposition (1983)
    Springer
    Il nuovo cimento della Società Italiana di Fisica 2 (1983), S. 1658-1663 
    Details
    ISSN: 0392-6737
    Keywords: Methods of crystal growth and purification
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Riassunto È stata condotta un'analisis teorica per studiare la cinetica implicata nella crescita CVD di CuInS2. Si assume un modello a strato stagnante per la simulazione numerica. Si ottengono risultati di calcolo per il tasso di crescita in funzione della temperatura del substrato, la velocità media del gas e le pressioni parziali nel tubo di reazione. Questa analisi indica che la temperatura del substrato gioca un ruolo dominante nel tasso di crescita, che è consistente con i dati sperimentali.
    Abstract: Резюме Теоретически исследуется кинетика роста кристаллов CuInS2 посредством химического осаждения пара. Для численного моделирования предполагается слоистая модель. Получены численные результаты для скорости роста в зависимости от температуры подложки, средней скорости газа и парциальний в реакторе. Проведенный анализ показывает, что температура подложки играет существенную роль в определении скорости роста, что согласуется с нашими экспериментальными результатами.
    Notes: Summary A theoretical analysis has been carried out to investigate the kinetics involved in the CVD growth of CuInS2. A stagnant-layer model is assumed for the numerical, simulation. Computational results for the growth rate as a function of the substrate temperature, mean, gas velocity and partial pressures in the reaction tube are obtained. This analysis indicates that the substrate temperature plays a dominant role in the growth rate, which is consistent with our experimental data.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02457847
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Matrix effects on the ductility of aluminium-based composites deformed under hydrostatic pressure (1989)
    Springer
    Journal of materials science 8 (1989), S. 1447-1448 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4811
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00720219
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    High quality AlGaAs layers grown by molecular beam epitaxy at low temperatures (1992)
    Springer
    Journal of materials science 3 (1992), S. 11-15 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-482X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract Low-temperature (∼600 °C) molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) growth of AlGaAs has been studied. It was found that the quality of AlGaAs grown at low temperatures can be as good as that grown at high temperatures (〉700 °C) if the source materials and the growth chamber are very clean. The threshold currents of Al0.6Ga0.4As/Al0.15Ga0.85As/Al0.6Ga0.4As double heterostructure (DH) lasers grown at low temperatures and high temperatures are almost the same. The material quality can be further improved with a proper amount of indium doping. Photoluminescence (PL) linewidths of 3.1 meV and 1.7 meV have been measured for Indoped Al0.42Ga0.58As and Al0.18Ga0.82As at 4 K, respectively. They are the narrowest linewidths for the MBE-grown AlGaAs with comparable Al contents at any growth temperature. With a proper amount of In doping, double-barrier resonant tunnelling diodes have also shown improved peak-to-valley current ratios.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00701087
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Bending and fracture of compact circumferential and osteonal lamellar bone of the baboon tibia (2000)
    Springer
    Journal of materials science 11 (2000), S. 49-60 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4838
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Technology
    Notes: Abstract Lamellar bone is common among primates, either in the form of extended planar circumferential arrays, or as cylindrically shaped osteons. Osteonal bone generally replaces circumferential lamellar bone with time, and it is therefore of much interest to compare the mechanical properties and fracture behavior of these two forms of lamellar bone. This is, however, difficult as natural specimens of circumferential lamellar bone large enough for standard mechanical tests are not available. We found that as a result of treatment with large doses of alendronate, the lateral sides of the diaphyses of baboon tibia contained fairly extensive regions of circumferential lamellar bone, the structure of which appears to be indistinguishable from untreated lamellar bone. Three-point bending tests were used to determine the elastic and ultimate properties of almost pure circumferential lamellar bone and osteonal bone in four different orientations relative to the tibia long axis. After taking into account the differences in porosity and extent of mineralization of the two bone types, the flexural modulus, bending strength, fracture strain and nominal work-to-fracture properties were similar for the same orientations, with some exceptions. This implies that it is the lamellar structure itself that is mainly responsible for these mechanical properties. The fracture behavior and morphologies of the fracture surfaces varied significantly with orientation in both types of bone. This is related to the microstructure of lamellar bone. Osteonal bone exhibited quite different damage-related behavior during fracture as compared to circumferential lamellar bone. Following fracture the two halves of osteonal bone remained attached whereas in circumferential lamellar bone they separated. These differences could well provide significant adaptive advantages to osteonal bone function.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1008989719560
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Plasma-sprayed hydroxyapatite coating: effect of different calcium phosphate ceramics (1994)
    Springer
    Journal of materials science 5 (1994), S. 147-153 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4838
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Technology
    Notes: Three kinds of calcium phosphate ceramic powders, namely commercial hydroxyapatite (CHA), self-made hydroxyapatite (SMHA) and synthesized hydroxyapatite (SHA), are employed as starting materials for plasma-sprayed coating onto a stainless steel (316L) substrate. Results show a mixture of hydroxyapatite (HA), tricalcium phosphate (TCP), and tetracalcium phosphate (TeCP) phases appearing in the CHA and SHA-derived coatings and a primary of a HA with trace contents of tricalcium phosphate phases resulting in the SMHA-derived coating. The HA appears to be the only observable crystalline phase present in the SMHA-derived coating after 7 days of incubation with a simulated body fluid (SBF); however, part of the impurities, i.e. TCP and TeCP, remain in the other coatings. No apparent microcracks can be found on the coated surfaces when SMHA and SHA are used. The poor packing density of SHA reflects its weakness in bonding strength to the substrate surface compared with that obtained using CHA and SMHA powders. The surface morphology of the coatings was found to alter significantly after a sufficient period of incubation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00053335
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hyperaccumulation of Lead by Roots, Hypocotyls, and Shoots of Brassica juncea (2000)
    Springer
    Biologia plantarum 43 (2000), S. 603-606 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-8264
    Keywords: growth ; Indian mustard ; lead uptake
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The effects of different concentrations of lead nitrate (10−5 to 10−3 M) on root, hypocotyl, and shoot growth of Indian mustard (Brassica juncea L. var. megarrhiza), and the uptake and accumulation of Pb2+ by its roots, hypocotyls, and shoots were investigated. Lead had no significant inhibitory effect on the root growth at concentrations of 10−5 to 10−4 M during the entire treatment, while at 10−3 M, Pb slightly inhibited the root and shoot growth. B. juncea has ability to take up Pb from solutions and accumulate it in its roots, and transport and concentrate it. The Pb contents in the parts of plants treated with 10−3 M Pb were greater than those of untreated plants, by factors of 230 in the roots, 170 in the hypocotyls, and 3 in the shoots.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1002804100215
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Investigation on the basic hydrolysis of crystal violet in mixed reverse micelles formed with AOT and nonionic surfactants (1998)
    Springer
    Colloid & polymer science 276 (1998), S. 610-616 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-1536
    Keywords: Key words Mixed reverse micelles ; AOT ; nonionic surfactant ; crystal violet ; basic hydrolysis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract  The kinetics and thermodynamics of the basic hydrolysis of crystal violet (CV) in mixed reverse micelles formed with anionic surfactant AOT and nonionic surfactants have been investigated. It was found that the mixed reverse micelles had inhibitory effects on CV hydrolysis compared with the normal aqueous solution, and the equilibrium constant K of the reaction in mixed reverse micellar systems is smaller than that in pure water. The influence of water content and surfactant composition in reverse micelles on the second-order rate constant k 1 of the positive reaction, on the first-order rate constant k -1 of the reverse reaction, as well as on the equilibrium constant K of the reaction has been studied, and the results obtained were interpreted in terms of the nature of surfactants and the properties of microenvironment where the reaction took place.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s003960050288
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