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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A generalized theorem of the maximum (1993)
    Springer
    Economic theory 3 (1993), S. 99-107 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0479
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Summary This paper generalizes the Theorem of the Maximum (Berge [2]) to allow for discontinuous changes in the domain and the objective function. It also provides a geometrical version of the (generalized) theorem.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01213694
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The community structure of sessile heterotrophic bacteria stressed by acid mine drainage (1987)
    Springer
    Microbial ecology 14 (1987), S. 219-232 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-184X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Microbial communities that developed on glass slides suspended in acid-polluted (pH=2.9) and nonpolluted (pH=6.5) but otherwise similar waters showed evidence of stress when suspended at the opposite station. Glucose incorporation was inhibited in both translocated communities, but the inhibition was not as severe and recovery of activity was faster for the acid-developed community as compared to the circumneutral community. The communities contained a substantially different set of members with little overlap. The range of pH values at which the members of the acid-developed community could function suggested that the members of that community were generalists, as opposed to narrowly constrained members of the community from the circumneutral station. Based on the proportion of test characters that received positive responses, the organisms from the acidic site were more general in their abilities (47.6% positive) as compared with the neutral counterparts (18.7% positive). The results support the concept that communities developed in extreme environments tend to be generalists, whereas those from mesic environments, due to the higher levels of competition present, tend to be specialists. Furthermore, the study of microbial communities in dynamic systems such as streams and reservoir inflows is facilitated by the use of solid surfaces which allow an assemblage of nontransient microbes to develop.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02012942
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Application of FAME (fatty acid methyl ester) analysis in the numerical taxonomic determination of bacterial guild structure (1984)
    Springer
    Microbial ecology 10 (1984), S. 283-296 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-184X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Comparative numerical taxonomic analyses, using fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) profiles and phenetic characteristics, were conducted to examine bacterial guild structure in freshwater sediments. Both approaches were used to examine a subset of 60 OTUs obtained from a previously well characterized microbial community in sediments of a shallow fast flowing stream. For both classifications, greater than 80% of the OTUs were recovered in 11 and 12 major groups for FAME and phenetics approaches. However, there was not complete correspondence for the groupings of the 2 classifications, with most FAME groups being distributed among the phenetic groups and 2 phenetic groups not providing usable characteristics for FAME analysis. The results did demonstrate significant taxonomic variation in bacteria capable of occupying the same or a similar fundamental niche.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02010941
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Heterotrophic bacterial guild structure: Relationship to biodegradative populations (1983)
    Springer
    Microbial ecology 9 (1983), S. 41-55 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-184X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Numerical taxonomic analysis of a freshwater bacterial guild demonstrated that the bacteria capable of growth on phenanthrene and polychlorinated biphenyl media were representative of the taxa obtained from low nutrient oligotrophic media. The diversity of heterotrophic bacteria and members of new taxa recovered from the guild followed a poisson distribution relative to the number of isolation media used. Moderately high nutrient, yeast extract peptone and glucose agar was found to be the most selective isolation medium relative to the total number of taxa recovered whereas low nutrient, lake water agar was the least selective medium used. Carbon source utilization patterns of the isolated taxa indicated that taxa within the guild had broad niche ranges and could potentially occupy many niches within a dynamic environment. The structure of the bacterial guild was dominated by mesophilic oligotrophs. The results of this investigation demonstrate that potential biodegradative populations are representative of the diverse taxa found in uncontaminated freshwater environments.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02011579
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Involvement of carboxyl groups in the divalent cation permeability of rat parotid gland basolateral plasma membrane (1993)
    Springer
    Molecular and cellular biochemistry 126 (1993), S. 143-150 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4919
    Keywords: plasma membrane ; membrane permeability ; membrane carboxyl groups ; parotid gland
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Divalent cation permeability of rat parotid gland basolateral plasma membranes was examined in dispersed parotid acini (by Ca2+ or Mn2+ entry) and in isolated basolateral plasma membrane vesicles (BLMV, by45Ca2+ influx). Mn2+ entry (fura2 quenching) was about 1.6 fold higher in internal Ca2+ pool-depleted acini (Ca2+-depl acini) than in unstimulated cells. Mn2+ entry into Ca2+-depl acini was increased at external pH〉7.4 and decreased at pH〈7.4. Pretreatment of Ca2+-depl acini with the relatively hydrophobic carboxylic group reagent, N,N′-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide (DCCD, 50 μM for 30 min) resulted in the inhibition of Mn2+ entry into Ca2+-depl acini to unstimulated levels. Another hydrophobic carboxyl group reagent, N-ethoxycarbonyl-2-ethoxy-1,2-dihydroquinoline (EEDQ) and the relatively hydrophilic carboxyl group reagents, 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide (EDC) and 1-cyclohexyl-3-(2-morpholinoethyl)carbodiimide (CMCD) did not affect Mn2+ entry. Similar to the effects in intact acini, Ca2+ influx into BLMV was decreased when the external pH was lowered below 7.4. Also DCCD (5 mM, 30 min), but not EEDQ, decreased (40%) Ca2+ influx in BLMV. However, unlike in acini, the hydrophilic reagents, EDC, EAC, and CMCD decreased Ca2+ permeability in BLMV and the effects were nonadditive with the decrease induced by DCCD. The aggregate effects of carboxyl group reagents on the Ca2+ and Mn2+ permeability in BLMV and intact acini, respectively, suggest that a critical carboxyl group (most likely accessible from the cytoplasmic side of the plasma membrane) is involved in divalent cation flux in rat parotid acinar cells.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00925692
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    On the involvement of a glucose 6-phosphate transport system in the function of microsomal glucose 6-phosphatase (1975)
    Springer
    Molecular and cellular biochemistry 6 (1975), S. 75-83 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4919
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary A model for microsomal glucose 6-phosphatase (EC 3.1.3.9) is presented. Glucose 6-phosphatase is postulated to be resultant of the coupling of two components of the microsomal membrane: 1) a glucose 6-phosphate — specific transport system which functions to shuttle the sugar phosphate from the cytoplasm to the lumen of the endoplasmic reticulum; and 2) a catalytic component, glucose-6-P phosphohydrolase, bound to the luminal surface of the membrane. A large body of existing data was shown to be consistent with this hypothesis. In particular, the model reconciles well-documented differences in the kinetic properties of the enzyme of untreated and modified microsomal preparations. Characteristic responses of the enzyme to changes in nutritional and hormonal states may be attributed to adaptations which alter the relative capacities of the transport and catalytic components.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01732001
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    On an existence theorem of the calculus of variations (1932)
    Springer
    Monatshefte für Mathematik 39 (1932), S. 101-104 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-5081
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01699055
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Phlogopite-chlorite reaction mechanisms and physical conditions during retrograde reactions in the Marble Formation, Franklin, New Jersey (1984)
    Springer
    Contributions to mineralogy and petrology 88 (1984), S. 299-306 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0967
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract A retrograde assemblage in a specimen from the Franklin Marble Formation containing an unusual occurrence of three micas has been studied. Microprobe analyses of the margarite, muscovite and phlogopite reveal significant sodium and fluorine but otherwise show little mutual solid solution. The conditions that prevailed during the retrogression estimated from phase equilibria are T=370–450° C and $$X_{{\text{CO}}_{\text{2}} }$$ =0.03–0.3 at an assumed pressure of 2 kb. Examination of the phlogopite by TEM revealed replacement of phlogopite by chlorite. The chlorite occurred as small packets of layers interlayered with phlogopite. AEM analyses revealed that the chlorite composition approximates that of clinochlore. Transformations from a single phlogopite layer to one chlorite layer (a 1∶1 reaction) and also from two phlogopite layers to one chlorite layer (a 2∶1 reaction) have been observed. Both reactions result in a large volume change causing local strain at transition fronts. An apparently strain-free, volume-preserving transformation of 14 phlogopite layers terminating against 10 chlorite layers was observed which indicates that pervasive replacement may occur through a combination of both reactions. Topological and site occupancy changes during the transformation suggest that the reaction involves not only gain and loss of layer units, but also considerable local rupturing and reformation of bonds, concomitant with ion diffusion and interchange. Dislocations (layer terminations) at the transition front imply the existence of pathways for the fluid flow and ion transport required for mass balance.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00380175
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Listing service (1982)
    Springer
    International journal of game theory 11 (1982), S. 57-62 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1270
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Economics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01771248
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Evaluation framework for Federal technology transfer initiatives (1981)
    Springer
    The journal of technology transfer 6 (1981), S. 73-86 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-7047
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Technology
    Notes: Abstract Improved efforts to transfer the results of Federally-sponsored R&D to industry are cited often as an approach to help reverse declines in the rate of growth of U.S. industrial productivity and in the international competitiveness of certain industry sectors. As taxpayers and policy makers intensify their demands for accountability of public expenditures, technology transfer advocates must develop and apply analytic approaches which will measure the significant short and long-range impacts of Federally-sponsored programs, even though these impacts are especially difficult to measure directly. This paper suggests a framework for evaluating Federal technology transfer in terms of short and long range goals and outputs. It outlines critical determinants of program success and suggests performance indicators through which results could be measured.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02173261
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