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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Characterization of the gene encoding the apoprotein of phytochrome B2 in tomato, and identification of molecular lesions in two mutant alleles (1999)
    Springer
    Molecular genetics and genomics 261 (1999), S. 901-907 
    Details
    ISSN: 1617-4623
    Keywords: Key words Photomorphogenic mutants ; Phytochrome ; Tomato ; PHYB2 ; Intron splicing
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The structure of the gene encoding the apoprotein of tomato phytochrome B2 (PHYB2) has been determined from genomic and cDNA sequences. The coding region is organized into four exons, like almost every other angiosperm phytochrome (phy). The deduced phyB2 apoprotein (PHYB2) consists of 1121 amino acids, with 82, 74 and 70% identity to tomato PHYB1, Arabidopsis PHYB, and Arabidopsis PHYD, respectively. In order to facilitate the identification of new mutants, we constructed a double mutant that is deficient in phyA and phyB1. When grown in white light, this mutant becomes only slightly taller than wild type and is similar in phenotype to the monogenic phyB1-deficient mutant. This double mutant has been used as the parent line for mutagenesis with γ radiation. Several recessive mutants with long hypocotyls and reduced anthocyanin content were selected under white light and screened for mutations in PHYB2, PHYE and PHYF. Two of the triple-mutant lines, designated 55H and 70F, had elongated hypocotyls and fruit trusses, and pale immature fruits. Both belong to the same complementation group and both were found to have defects in PHYB2. Line 70F was found by Northern analysis to have a slightly larger PHYB2 transcript. Part or all of the intron between the second and third exons was found to be retained following RT-PCR of PHYB2 mRNA from line 70F. Three base substitutions were detected near the donor splice site for this intron, including a change from the consensus /GT to /GA at the 5′ end of this intron. In every case, the C-terminal 164 amino acids of PHYB2 were replaced by 59 nonsense amino acids followed by a stop codon. Sequencing of PHYB2 from 55H revealed a single-nucleotide deletion near the end of the third exon, resulting in one incorrect codon followed immediately by a stop codon. The predicted mutant apoprotein in 55H is 90 residues shorter than wild-type PHYB2.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004380051037
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Palatability of microfungi to soil arthropods in relation to the functioning of arbuscular mycorrhizae (1996)
    Springer
    Biology and fertility of soils 21 (1996), S. 43-52 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0789
    Keywords: Acari ; Acer saccharum ; Collembola ; Soil fungi ; Arbuscular mycorrhizae ; Hyphal grazing ; Glomus macrocarpum
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Geosciences , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract We investigated the feeding preferences of six species of mites and collembolans for three fungi commonly associated with roots of Acer saccharum (Glomus macrocarpum, Alternaria alternata and Trichoderma harzianum), from a maple-forest soil in southern Ontario, Canada. Experiments were also conducted in vitro to determine animal feeding responses to (1) increasing quantities of hyphal biomass, (2) the presence of root vs. litter fungal substrates, and (3) hyphae of different widths of Glomus macrocarpum. The results indicate that arthropods prefer to graze in the litter region rather than in the deeper soil layers. Under ideal moisture/temperature conditions, animals are forced to the lower regions by interspecific interactions. They prefer to graze on hyphae of conidial fungi rather than on those of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. When arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal hyphae are grazed, there is a clear preference for the narrower hyphae, which are those further away from the root. The thicker hyphal segments, commonly found connecting “absorptive hyphal fans” to roots, were less preferred. These data are not consistent with the hypothesis that microarthropods are detrimental to arbuscular mycorrhizal associations, and suggest that Glomalean fungi may have evolved mechanisms to deter grazing by microarthropods.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00335992
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Simulated Interior Floods and the Flood Experience in Urban Communities (1996)
    Springer
    Environmental management 20 (1996), S. 99-111 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1009
    Keywords: KEY WORDS: Urban floods; Flood experience; Storm intensity; Runoff coefficient; Flood damage
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Notes: Abstract. The Hydrologic Engineering Center (HEC-1) model was used to construct synthetic hydrographs for isolated interior urban floods. Flood peak and lag time were very well preserved in simulated flows. Total volume was not adequately expressed. Lag time varied inversely with both urban development and storm intensity. Peak discharge varied with storm intensity, but this variability was well defined only at very high urbanization levels. An 175% increase in storm intensity produced a change of about 15% in peak discharge. Claims for flood damage correlated well with estimates of peak flow and lag time combined. Other measures of flood experience also correlated with the two features. Within the range of storms utilized, urban development factors consistently outranked storm intensity as a determining factor in flood damage.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/PL00006706
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Impact of oil and gas vents and slicks on petroleum exploration in the deepwater Gulf of Mexico (1994)
    Springer
    Geo-marine letters 14 (1994), S. 160-169 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1157
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract Active petroleum vents and slicks have been identified in the deep water of the northern Gulf of Mexico using numerous techniques. The occurrence and distribution of these petroleum vents are strongly influenced by the local geological framework—especially the presence of vertical migration pathways into shallow sediments. Oil and gas vents may be more useful for establishing the existence of petroleum generation on a regional scale and for evaluating the gross properties of oil migrating in the subsurface than for appraising the exploration value of individual prospects. Knowledge about petroleum venting in the deepwater Gulf of Mexico has proven to be an important element of the successful exploration activities there.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01203727
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A year-round study on functional relationships of airborne fungi with meteorological factors (1995)
    Springer
    International journal of biometeorology 39 (1995), S. 74-80 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1254
    Keywords: CANOCO ; Redundancy analysis (RDA)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geography , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Air sampling was conducted in Waterloo, Canada throughout 1992. Functional relationships between aeromycota and meteorological factors were analysed. The meteorological factors were, in descending order of importance: mean temperature, minimum temperature, maximum temperature, mean wind speed, relative humidity (RH), rain, maximum wind speed and snow. The most important airborne fungal propagules in descending order were: total fungal spores, unidentified Ascomycetes,Cladosporium, Coprinus, unidentified Basidiomycetes,Alternaria and unidentified fungi. Most airborne fungal taxa had highly significant relationship with temperature, butAspergillus/Penicillium, hyphal fragments andEpicoccum did not.Epicoccum and hyphal fragments were positively associated with wind speed. In comparison with other airborne fungal taxa,Leptosphaeria and unidentified Ascomycetes were more closely correlated with rain and RH during the growing season.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01212584
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Book reviews (1991)
    Springer
    Population and environment 13 (1991), S. 149-159 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-7810
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Sociology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01255517
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Phytochrome intermediates in freeze-dried tissue (1975)
    Springer
    Planta 127 (1975), S. 121-132 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary A new terminology for intermediates observed in the phototransformation of phytochrome (P) is proposed. At 0°C freeze dried tissue of Pisum sativum seedlings containing P in the red absorbing form (Pr) does not undergo complete photoconversion to the far red absorbing form (Pfr) but forms intermediates which revert to Pr in darkness. Use of low temperature techniques and comparison with reactions in fresh tissue allow identification of the intermediates with those observed earlier. They consist of a mixture of the first photoproduct, lumi-R and its dark relaxation product, meta-Ra. Similarly, Pfr forms a mixture of its first photoproduct, lumi-F and its dark relaxation product, meta-Fa. The dark reversion of lumi-R to Pr and of lumi-F to Pfr have also been observed in freeze-dried tissue. Reactions occurring in this material at 0°C are proposed to be essentially restricted to photoreactions of the chromophore and relaxations of the products. Before complete phototransformation of Pr to Pfr and vice versa is possible an aqueous matrix is required for protein/chromophore conformational relaxations to occur.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00388373
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Direct gas chromatographic determination of carbaryl residues in honeybees (Apis mellifera L.) using a nitrogen-phosphorus detector with confirmation by formation of a chemical derivative (1991)
    Springer
    Bulletin of environmental contamination and toxicology 46 (1991), S. 654-661 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0800
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01689948
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    On the kinetics of phytochrome photoconversion in vivo (1972)
    Springer
    Planta 103 (1972), S. 319-326 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Samples for spectrophotometric measurement of phytochrome in vivo are not optically thin. For different cross sections of the sample, the rate constant of a photochemical reaction will, therefore, have different values. We have developed a mathematical model, based on the assumption that the rate of phytochrome phototransformation is proportional to the light intensity and that the light intensity gradient in the sample is exponential. Kinetic curves computed with this model conform closely with the measurements. The simplest explanation of the observed kinetics is that there is only one type of phytochrome and that the light intensity gradient in samples that are not too thin, is close to exponential.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00386703
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Leaf-conditioning by microorganisms (1975)
    Springer
    Oecologia 20 (1975), S. 359-362 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1939
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Many detritus-feeders prefer dead leaves which are colonized by microorganisms-i.e. conditioned leaves, over freshly fallen or sterile leaves. Traditionally, this has been attributed to the build-up of microbial cells on the substrate. Two experiments show that changes in the leaf itself, brought about by microbial excretions and secretions, or by a hydrolytic agent (hot HCl), can also increase its palatability to the detritus-feeding amphipod Gammarus pseudolimnaeus.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00345526
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