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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    An Evaluation on H/V Ratio vs. Spectral Ratio for Site-response Estimation Using the 1994 Northridge Earthquake Sequences (1999)
    Springer
    Pure and applied geophysics 156 (1999), S. 631-649 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9136
    Keywords: Key Words: H/V ratio, spectral ratio, site response, microtremor, resonant frequency, amplification.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract —The applicability of the single-station H/V method, based on the spectral ratio between the horizontal and the vertical components of strong ground motions, is examined for site-response estimation using the high quality data from the 1994 Northridge earthquake sequence. Instead of using Rayleigh-wave data from microtremors, the large amplitude-wave part of the S-wave data is used and based on the 1994 Northridge mainshock and aftershock recordings. We have found that upon averaging over a number of recordings for a given station, the station site responses, derived both from the single-station H/V ratio and from the standard spectral ratio (with respect to a reference rock-site station) are sufficiently close for practical purposes. We therefore conclude that the H/V ratio can reasonably predict the resonant frequency and the amplification level of a site response, especially for sites in the neighborhood of the epicenters. In the absence of a reference rock-site station, the H/V ratio provides a practical alternative to the standard site-response estimation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s000240050316
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Full-frame cosine transform image compression for medical and industrial applications (1991)
    Springer
    Machine vision and applications 4 (1991), S. 89-96 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1769
    Keywords: Image compression ; real-time applications ; system architecture ; digital signal processing ; fast cosine transform (FCT)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Abstract Full-frame image compression capable of a 10∶1 ratio or higher was developed for radiological applications where block artifacts are not acceptable. Applications in machine vision with similar stringencies can utilize the same principles and hardware design. Subsecond compression speed for image sizes up to 1K × 1K × 8 can be achieved by DMA and DSP designs using off-the-shelf components and customized bus architecture. Successions of completed hardware module design and proposed enhancements are reported with technical details. The possibility of 512 × 512 × 8 image compression in real time is also explored with design examples.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01257824
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Evidence for coupling between Na+ pump activity and TEA-sensitive K+ currents in Xenopus laevis oocytes (1995)
    Springer
    The journal of membrane biology 143 (1995), S. 29-35 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1424
    Keywords: Na+-K+-ATPase ; Electrophysiology ; K+ channel ; Tetraethylammonium ; Conductance regulation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Using the two-microelectrode voltage clamp technique in Xenopus laevis oocytes, we estimated Na+-K+-ATPase activity from the dihydroouabain-sensitive current (I DHO) in the presence of increasing concentrations of tetraethylammonium (TEA+; 0, 5, 10, 20, 40 mm), a well-known blocker of K+ channels. The effects of TEA+ on the total oocyte currents could be separated into two distinct parts: generation of a nonsaturating inward current increasing with negative membrane potentials (V M) and a saturable inhibitory component affecting an outward current easily detectable at positive V M. The nonsaturating component appears to be a barium-sensitive electrodiffusion of TEA+ which can be described by the Goldman-Hodgkin-Katz equation, while the saturating component is consistent with the expected blocking effect of TEA+ on K+ channels. Interestingly, this latter component disappears when the Na+-K+-ATPase is inhibited by 10 μm DHO. Conversely, TEA+ inhibits a component of I DHO with a k d of 25±4 mm at +50 mV. As the TEA+-sensitive current present in I DHO reversed at −75 mV, we hypothesized that it could come from an inhibition of K+ channels whose activity varies in parallel with the Na+-K+-ATPase activity. Supporting this hypothesis, the inward portion of this TEA+-sensitive current can be completely abolished by the addition of 1 mm Ba2+ to the bath. This study suggests that, in X. laevis oocytes, a close link exists between the Na-K-ATPase activity and TEA+-sensitive K+ currents and indicates that, in the absence of effective K+ channel inhibitors, I DHO does not exclusively represent the Na+-K+-ATPase-generated current.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00232521
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A computer simulation of evolutionary forces controlling the size of a multigene family (1980)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular evolution 15 (1980), S. 181-196 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1432
    Keywords: Multigene Family, size ; Selective forces ; Homologous but unequal crossing over ; Monte Carlo simulation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary A Monte Carlo-type simulation of the evolution of a multigene family was performed. The model was designed to study the selective forces which may control the size of a multigene family. As expected, we find that direct selection on the size of the multigene family can control its size. More important, we find that selection acting upon the family as a single functional unit, in conjunction with homologous but unequal crossing over, can also control the size of a multigene family.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01732947
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Solid/free-surface juncture boundary layer and wake (1998)
    Springer
    Experiments in fluids 25 (1998), S. 283-297 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1114
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract  The Reynolds-averaged flow for a solid/free-surface juncture boundary layer and wake is documented. The three mean-velocity components and five of the Reynolds stresses are measured for a surface-piercing flat plate in a towing tank using a laser-Doppler velocimeter system for both boundary-layer and wake planes in regions close to the free surface. The experimental method is described, including the foil-plate model, laser-Doppler velocimeter system, conditions, and uncertainty analysis. The underlying flow data is in excellent agreement with benchmark data. Inner (near the plate and wake centerplane and below the free surface) and outer (near the free surface) regions of high streamwise vorticity of opposite sign are observed, which transport, respectively, high mean velocity and low turbulence from the outer to the inner and low mean velocity and high turbulence from the inner to the outer portions of the boundary layer and wake. For the wake, the inner region of vorticity is relatively weak. The physical mechanism for the streamwise vorticity is analyzed with regard to the Reynolds-averaged streamwise vorticity equation. The anisotropy of the crossplane normal Reynolds stresses closely correlates with the vorticity and, additionally, indicates similarity, i.e., its nature is such that it only depends on the proximity to the plate and free surface boundaries or wake centerplane symmetry plane. Free-surface effects on the Reynolds stresses are analyzed with regard to the behavior close to the free surface of the turbulent kinetic energy and the normal components of the anisotropy tensor and the anisotropy invariants. Close to the free surface, the turbulent kinetic energy is nearly constant and increases for the inner and outer portions, respectively, of the boundary layer and wake and the normal components of the anisotropy tensor and the anisotropy invariants roughly correspond to the limiting values for two-component turbulence. The similarities and differences between the present results and analysis with those from related studies are discussed. The data and analysis should have practical application with regard to the development of turbulence models for computational fluid dynamics methods for the Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes equations.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s003480050232
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    An algorithm of finite element grid generation for three-dimensional complex connected domain (1993)
    Springer
    Acta mechanica solida Sinica 6 (1993), S. 59-67 
    Details
    ISSN: 0894-9166
    Keywords: finite element grid ; complex connected domain
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract An automated quasi three-dimensional finite element grid generation method is presented for particular three-dimensional complex connected domain, across which some are simply connected two-dimensional.regions and some are multiply connected two-dimensional regions. A subdivision algorithm based on the variational principle has been developed to ascertain the smoothness and orthogonality of the generated grid in any cross sections. Smooth transition between the simply and multiply connected regions is maintained. For illustration, the method is applied to generate a finite element three-dimensional grid for human above knee stump.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02207814
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    High-quality YBCO d.c. SQUIDs based on bicrystal substrates (1994)
    Springer
    Il nuovo cimento della Società Italiana di Fisica 16 (1994), S. 2019-2024 
    Details
    ISSN: 0392-6737
    Keywords: Proximity effects, tunneling phenomena, and Josephson effects ; Conference proceedings
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Summary An analysis of superconducting transport properties and magnetic behaviour of d.c. SQUIDs employing YBCO bicrystal grain boundary junctions (GBJs) has been performed. GBJs have been obtained by deposition of ac-axis-oriented YBCO film on a SrTiO3 bicrystal substrate by ICM sputtering technique. Experimental measurements on a YBCO d.c. SQUID with a misorientation angle θ=20° are reported. The SQUID shows a critical temperatureT c∼89 K and a high critical current densityJ c∼3·106 A/cm2 atT=4.2 K. Current-voltage characteristics are close to the behaviour predicted by the resistively shunted junction (RSJ) model and the temperature dependenceJ c(T) shows a linear behaviour at small reduced temperatures and a depressedJ c value close toT c. High-quality flux-voltage curves have been found upT=87 K over a large range of magnetic field. The high reproducibility and the good control of transport properties by the variation of θ make YBCO bicrystal GBJs very useful for applications in electronics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02471861
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    HTSC grain boundary weak links employing high-quality ICM sputtered YBCO films (1994)
    Springer
    Il nuovo cimento della Società Italiana di Fisica 16 (1994), S. 1967-1972 
    Details
    ISSN: 0392-6737
    Keywords: Proximity effects, tunneling phenomena and Josephson effects ; Conference proceedings
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Summary Bicrystal grain boundary junctions of YBCO have been fabricated by using the Inverted Cylindrical Magnetron d.c. sputtering technique. The main characteristics of the junction behaviour are reported. Some aspects of the experimental results are discussed in the framework of existing models developed for describing weak-link structures.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02471853
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Structural investigation of YBCO films and bicrystal grain boundary junctions (1994)
    Springer
    Il nuovo cimento della Società Italiana di Fisica 16 (1994), S. 2025-2030 
    Details
    ISSN: 0392-6737
    Keywords: Superconducting films ; Conference proceedings
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Summary We present a structural analysis of YBCO superconducting thin films fabricatedin situ by Inverted Cylindrical Magnetron (ICM) sputtering on commercial SrTiO3 single-crystal and bicrystal substrates. A detailed structural characterization of the superconductor films was performed by using single-crystal X-ray diffractometry confirming that YBCO films have a strongc-axis orientation of the grains with a small mosaic spread. In the films grown on bicrystal substrates we observed a strong correlation with the lattice structure of the substrate. In addition, a surface analysis of the region across the grain boundary edge has been performed by using scanning electron microscopy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02471862
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    An adaptive time domain deconvolution technique to characterize planar flaws in highly attenuative composites (1994)
    Springer
    Journal of nondestructive evaluation 13 (1994), S. 101-109 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4862
    Keywords: Deconvolution ; flaw characterization ; signal processing ; waveform prediction ; nondestructive evaluation ; polyurethane ; composite materials
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract To identify planar heterogeneities or flaws inside a structure using ultrasonic tests, it is necessary to characterize reflections originating from the boundaries of the heterogeneities. However, for composite materials with high, frequency-dependent wave attenuation, it is often not possible to clearly identify the reflections with either A-scan signals or conventional deconvolution techniques due to the combined effect of signal distortion and overlap. To enable deconvolution of a distorted propagating wave, a new time domain deconvolution technique which includes the frequencydependent acoustic properties of the host material has been developed. This approach is shown to be superior to conventional time domain deconvolution with L1 norm minimization in resolving flaw reflections in highly attenuative glass fiber reinforced polyurethane composites.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00728249
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