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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Studies on the differential tissue specificity of two variants of the minute virus of mice (1986)
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular life sciences 42 (1986), S. 91-91 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01975920
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    MAP kinases in plant signal transduction (1999)
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular life sciences 55 (1999), S. 204-213 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Keywords: Key words. Signal transduction; MAP kinase; protein kinase; phosphorylation.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathways are modules involved in the transduction of extracellular signals to intracellular targets in all eukaryotes. Distinct MAPK pathways are regulated by different extracellular stimuli and are implicated in a wide variety of biological processes. In plants there is evidence for MAPKs playing a role in the signaling of abiotic stresses, pathogens and plant hormones. The large number and divergence of plant MAPKs indicates that this ancient mechanism of bioinformatics is extensively used in plants and may provide a new molecular handle on old questions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s000180050285
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Phagocytosis and biodegradation of short-chain poly [(R)-3-hydroxybutyric acid] particles in macrophage cell line (1995)
    Springer
    Journal of materials science 6 (1995), S. 725-730 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4838
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Technology
    Notes: The biocompatibility and the degradation mechanisms of block co-polyurethanes containing crystallizable telechelic poly [(R)-3-hydroxybutyric acid] (PHB) segments have found recently growing interest for the possible biomedical applications of these new materials. The random hydrolytic cleavage of the amorphous part of these polymers might result, in vivo, in the production of small crystalline particles of low molecular weight PHB that could then undergo phagocytosis and biodegradation inside phagosomes. To test this possibility, a fluorescent-labelled PHB segment was synthesized, precipitated in the form of crystalline particles, and used for an in vitro investigation of its interaction with macrophage cell line. Light and fluorescence microscopy performed in the present study clearly show that the fluorescent particles are well internalized in phagosomes already after 1 h of incubation. The number of phagocytized particles decreases notably after 8 days of incubation. A quantitative determination of the time dependence of the phagocytosis was obtained through laser cytometry and fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS). Fluorescence spectroscopy and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis of extracts of cell supernatants revealed the presence of supposed degradation products of PHB after 8 days of incubation, suggesting that macrophages could degrade low molecular weight PHB.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00134308
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of retinal dopamine depletion on the growth of the fish eye (1999)
    Springer
    Journal of comparative physiology 184 (1999), S. 403-412 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1351
    Keywords: Key words Emmetropization ; Myopia ; Dopamine ; 6-Hydroxy-dopamine ; Crystalline lens
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We investigated the suitability of fishes as animal models to study the involvement of the retinal dopaminergic system in the visually guided control of eye growth (emmetropization). Advantages of such a model system are (i) that all dopaminergic cells in the retina can be destroyed without apparent damage to other neurons, (ii) simple optical design and short depth of field of the eye, and (iii) continuous growth throughout life. Depleting the retina of dopamine in Aequidens pulcher (Cichlidae) had no apparent effect on refractive state, since size and focal length of the eye were reduced by the same amount. Furthermore, imposed defocus was compensated at a normal rate in spite of the absence of retinal dopamine. In A. pulcher, the dopaminergic system of the retina thus appears not to have an essential role in emmetropization. Our results furthermore suggest that in eyes of more complicated optical design, manipulation of the retinal dopaminergic system may lead to unrelated effects indistinguishable from direct interference with emmetropization. A major disadvantage of the fish model was that refractive state of the eye could not be measured accurately in vivo with standard methods.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s003590050339
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A novel method for in situ screening of yeast colonies with the β-glucuronidase reporter gene (1991)
    Springer
    Current genetics 20 (1991), S. 437-439 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0983
    Keywords: Schizosaccharomyces pombe ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae ; β-glucuronidase ; Colony colour assay ; Fluorometric assay
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Expression of the β-galactosidase gene in yeast has served as a screening marker for many purposes. Here it is shown that in two yeasts, Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Schizosaccharomyces pombe, the β-glucuronidase (GUS) gene can be used as an alternative marker. Since the histochemical substrate can not be taken up by yeast cells, direct colony screening of plates was found to be impossible. However, by a replica plating technique, GUS expression became visibly detectable within 10 min when the GUS gene was strongly expressed. The staining method could still be performed for expression at a 100-fold lower level, but incubation times of several hours were needed. Furthermore, specific GUS expression levels of yeast protein extracts could be quantified by a fluorometric assay which is both very simple to perform and highly sensitive. Since the GUS gene can also tolerate large N-terminal fusions, this method should be particularly attractive for studying such diverse problems as transcriptional and translational regulation or subcellular localization in yeast.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00317075
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Skin friction balances for large pressure gradients (1986)
    Springer
    Experiments in fluids 4 (1986), S. 296-300 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1114
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract If floating element balances are used to measure skin friction in a large pressure gradient, the pressure forces on the floating element introduce severe errors. It was shown by Frei (1979) that this deficiency can be overcome by sealing the gap with a liquid, held in place by the surface tension. The forces due to the surface tension can be calculated for a given geometry and pressure field. In the present paper, experiments are described which show that the calculations are correct and that the errors due to surface tension can be made very small compared with the skin friction force.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00369124
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The influence of phase-averaging window size on the determination of turbulence quantities in unsteady turbulent flows (1997)
    Springer
    Experiments in fluids 22 (1997), S. 265-267 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1114
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract  The phase-averaging window size is shown to affect the measurement of phase-averaged turbulence quantities in unsteady turbulent flows. The flow turbulence is usually estimated on the assumption of quasi-constant flow velocity during the duration of the phase-averaging window. The calculated turbulence level then consists of two parts: one due to the turbulent velocity fluctuations and the other due to the changes in the mean flow velocity. This second part is shown to be directly proportional to the averaging window size. In order to determine the true turbulence the averaging window size has to be made as small as possible, especially if the unsteady flow exhibits large temporal gradients and the flow turbulence itself is small.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s003480050046
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Salt stress induces changes in amounts and localization of the mitogen-activated protein kinase SIMK in alfalfa roots (2000)
    Springer
    Protoplasma 212 (2000), S. 262-267 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6102
    Keywords: Mitogen-activated protein kinase ; Salt stress ; Osmotic stress ; Medicago sati a
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary SIMK is an alfalfa mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) that is activated by salt stress and shows a nuclear localization in suspension-cultured cells. We investigated the localization of SIMK in alfalfa (Medicago sati a) roots. Although SIMK was expressed in most tissues of the root apex, cells of the quiescent center and statocytes showed much lower SIMK protein amounts. In cells of the elongation zone, SIMK was present in much higher amounts in epidermal than in cortex cells. In dividing cells of the root tip, SIMK revealed a cell cycle phase-dependent localization, being predominantly nuclear in interphase but associating with the cell plate and the newly formed cell wall in telophase and early G1 phase. In dividing cells, salt stress resulted in an association of part of the SIMK with the preprophase band. Generally, salt stress resulted in much higher amounts of SIMK in dividing cells of the root apex and epidermal cells of the elongation zone. These data demonstrate that amounts and subcellular localization of SIMK in roots is highly regulated and sensitive to environmental stress.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01282926
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Comparative analysis of 18 sex pheromone plasmids fromEnterococcus faecalis: detection of a new insertion element on pPD1 and implications for the evolution of this plasmid family (1996)
    Springer
    Molecular genetics and genomics 252 (1996), S. 640-647 
    Details
    ISSN: 1617-4623
    Keywords: Sex pheromone plasmids ; Enterococcus faecalis ; Insertion element IS1062 ; Plasmid evolution
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract A new IS element, IS1062, related to the enterococcal IS elements IS6770 and IS1252, was detected in the 3′-terminus of the surface exclusion gene,sep1, of sex pheromone plasmid pPD1 inEnterococcus faecalis. pPD1-bearing cells lack the surface exclusion function, probably as a consequence of this insertion. Analysis of pAD1 and pPD1 sequences (7.5 kb and 2.7 kb, respectively) downstream of their aggregation substance genes revealed no similarity in these DNA regions. Detailed DNA/DNA hybridization studies using DNA probes specific for various pAD1-encoded genes needed for plasmid transfer indicated that the sex pheromone plasmids have evolved by repeated recombination and insertion of diverse transposable elements which presumably account for recent acquisition of antibiotic resistances.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02173969
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Comparative analysis of 18 sex pheromone plasmids from Enterococcus faecalis: detection of a new insertion element on pPD1 and implications for the evolution of this plasmid family (1996)
    Springer
    Molecular genetics and genomics 252 (1996), S. 640-647 
    Details
    ISSN: 1617-4623
    Keywords: Key words Sex pheromone plasmids ; Enterococcus faecalis ; Insertion element IS1062 ; Plasmid evolution
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract  A new IS element, IS1062, related to the enterococcal IS elements IS6770 and IS1252, was detected in the 3′-terminus of the surface exclusion gene, sep1, of sex pheromone plasmid pPD1 in Enterococcus faecalis. pPD1-bearing cells lack the surface exclusion function, probably as a consequence of this insertion. Analysis of pAD1 and pPD1 sequences (7.5 kb and 2.7 kb, respectively) downstream of their aggregation substance genes revealed no similarity in these DNA regions. Detailed DNA/DNA hybridization studies using DNA probes specific for various pAD1-encoded genes needed for plasmid transfer indicated that the sex pheromone plasmids have evolved by repeated recombination and insertion of diverse transposable elements which presumably account for recent acquisition of antibiotic resistances.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02173969
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