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  • Springer  (175)
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Development genes and evolution 210 (2000), S. 28-33 
    ISSN: 1432-041X
    Keywords: Key words Random picking ; In situ hybridization ; Medaka fish ; Development ; ATPase ; Malate dehydrogenase
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract  To rapidly isolate genes specifically expressed during medaka development we generated a cDNA library enriched for genes expressed in the head region of the developing embryo. Clones were spotted on filters automatically and preselected for abundantly expressed genes by hybridizing them with a probe derived from RNA of undifferentiated totipotent cells. Of the nonhybridizing clones 153 were chosen randomly and further analyzed by whole-mount in situ hybridization. There were 67 selected clones differentially expressed in the developing embryos, and 48 of these were expressed in the developing head. Differentially expressed genes were either of novel type or showed homology to known genes containing DNA binding motifs or to putative housekeeping genes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Numerische Mathematik 24 (1975), S. 81-83 
    ISSN: 0945-3245
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract An efficient way to evaluate $$\sum\limits_{j = k}^n {( - 1)^{j - k - 1} \left( {\begin{array}{*{20}c} n \\ j \\ \end{array} } \right)\left( {\begin{array}{*{20}c} {j - 1} \\ {k - 1} \\ \end{array} } \right)} \ln j$$ is described. This sum, connected with the logarithmic Weibull distribution, is hard to evaluate directly, because the binomial coefficients become quite large, and then the alternating signs cause severe loss of significant figures. By converting the sum to an integral, we avoid this difficulty.
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    International journal of earth sciences 75 (1986), S. 805-827 
    ISSN: 1437-3262
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences
    Description / Table of Contents: Abstract Carbonate preservation profiles in the Atlantic Ocean and the Norwegian-Greenland Sea seem to be out-of phase during the last deglaciation. A possibly time transgressive deglacial preservation spike in the N-Atlantic overlaps with a major calcite dissolution pulse in the Norwegian Sea. Contemporaneously major changes in surface and bottom water circulation of the Norwegian-Greenland Sea occurred. Isotopic and sedimentological evidence suggests that bottom water formation in the Norwegian-Greenland Sea was almost shut down during the last maximum glaciation and probably also during the first part of the last deglaciation. During that time corrosive bottom waters might have filled the Norwegian Sea deep sea basins causing carbonate dissolution at the sea floor. Subsequently, the reinitiation of deep water formation could have been coupled with increased resuspension of organic matter and/or reworking of older organic matter rising the p CO2 of bottom waters and contributing to carbonate dissolution at the sea floor. Additionally, large volumes of atmospheric CO2 stored before the Younger Dryas might have been pumped into the deep sea possibly by downwelling of surface waters and been neutralized against carbonate at the sea floor.
    Abstract: Résumé Au moyen den l'examen des foraminifères planctoniquesN. pachyderma, des profils de l'état de conservation des carbonates ont été établis dans les sédiments déposés dans l'Atlantique et dans la Mer de Norvège au cours de la phase de fusion de la dernière glaciation. Ces profils ne sont pas en corrélation: dans l'Atlantique apparaÎt un maximum de stabilité des carbonates, probablement transgressif dans le temps, qui correspond à une phase de forte dissolution dans la Mer de Norvège. Certains paramètres sédimentologiques (granularité, teneur en C organique, structures sédimentaires) ainsi que des variations de la composition isotopique de l'O et du C des foraminifères benthoniques permettent de penser que la production d'eau profonde s'est arrÊtée dans la Mer de Norvège au cours du maximum de la dernière glaciation et sans doute aussi pendant le début de la fusion qui a suivi. Pendant cette période, le mélange vertical des masses d'eau était fortement ralenti et une ancienne eau de fond à caractère corrosif occupait le bassin de la Mer de Norvège où elle induisait une forte dissolution des carbonates. Plus tard, lorsque se rétablirent la circulation de l'eau de fond et la formation d'eau profonde, on assita à une aération de la partie profonde de la mer, par l'effet de la descente d'eau superficielle riche en oxygène. L'oxydation de la matière organique provoqua un accroissement de la pression partielle de CO2 dans l'eau de fond, ce qui y accentua la dissolution des carbonates. Une autre source possible pourrait Être le CO2 accumulé dans l'atmosphère avant le Dryas supérieur et entraÎné vers la profondeur par la descente des eaux de surface.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Erhaltungsprofile des Karbonatlösungszustandes, bestimmt an der planktonischen Foraminif ere N. pachyderma aus Sedimenten, die während der letzten Abschmelzphase der letzten Eiszeit abgelagert wurden, zeigen im Atlantik und in der Norwegisch-Grönländischen See eine deutliche Phasenverschiebung der Erhaltungszustände. Ein möglicherweise zeittransgressiver Erhaltungspeak im Atlantik tritt in zeitlicher überlappung mit einer Phase erhöhter Karbonatlösung in der Norwegischen See auf. Aufgrund verschiedener sedimentologischer Parameter (Korngrö\enspektren, C-org Gehalte, Sedimentstrukturen) und deutlicher Veränderungen der stabilen Sauerstoff- und Kohlenstoffisotopenverhältnisse benthonischer Foraminiferen erscheint es wahrscheinlich, da\ die Tiefenwasserproduktion in der Norwegisch-Grönländischen See während des Höchststandes der letzten Vereisung und möglicherweise auch während des ersten Abschnittes des Abschmelzvorgangs gestoppt war. Während dieses Zeitraumes war die vertikale Durchmischung der Wassermassen stark herabgesetzt und altes korrosives Bodenwasser füllte die Tiefseebecken der Norwegischen See und verursachte eine intensive Karbonatlösung am Meeresboden. Nachdem die Bodenwasserzirkulation und Tiefenwasserbildung später erneut einsetzte, wurde zunächst eine verstärkte Ventilation durch absinkendes, sauerstoffreiches Oberflächenwasser am Meeresboden verursacht. Die Oxidation von resuspendiertem und die Aufarbeitung von bereits abgelagertem organischem Material bedingte einen letzten starken Anstieg des CO2 Partialdrucks im Bodenwasser und verstärkte die Karbonatlösung am Meeresboden. Eine mögliche zusätzliche Quelle liefert vor der Jüngeren Dryas in der Atmosphäre angereichertes CO2, das möglicherweise durch »downwelling« von Oberflächenwasser zusätzlich in die Tiefsee gepumpt wurde.
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1437-3262
    Keywords: Key words Pteropods ; Aragonite preservation ; South Atlantic ; Brazilian Continental Slope ; North Atlantic Deep Water ; Antarctic Intermediate Water
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract We present late Quaternary records of aragonite preservation determined for sediment cores recovered on the Brazilian Continental Slope (1790–2585 m water depth) where North Atlantic Deep Water (NADW) dominates at present. We have used various indirect dissolution proxies (carbonate content, aragonite/calcite contents, and sand percentages) as well as gastropodal abundances and fragmentation of Limacina inflata to determine the state of aragonite preservation. In addition, microscopic investigations of the dissolution susceptibility of three Limacina species yielded the Limacina Dissolution Index which correlates well with most of the other proxies. Excellent preservation of aragonite was found in the Holocene section, whereas aragonite dissolution gradually increases downcore. This general pattern is attributed to an overall increase in aragonite corrosiveness of pore waters. Overprinted on this early diagenetic trend are high-frequency fluctuations of aragonite preservation, which may be related to climatically induced variations of intermediate water masses.
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    International journal of earth sciences 84 (1995), S. 28-48 
    ISSN: 1437-3262
    Keywords: Norwegian ; Greenland Sea Glacial cycles ; Depositional regimes
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract Various models of surface and deep-water circulation in the Norwegian-Greenland Sea (NGS) have been proposed for the last two glacial to interglacial transitions. Although much progress has been made in understanding the sedimentary response to climatic and oceanographic changes, conflicting interpretations have been developed. To clarify some of these discrepancies and to test or modify the existing circulation concepts, a multiparameter approach is applied, combining sedimentological, micropaleontological, organic-geochemical and isotopic methods. On the basis of indicative properties a combined litho- and organofacies concept is developed and calibrated with modern depositional settings beneath different surface water masses. Sedimentary regimes are then derived for glacial and deglacial settings. Atlantic water intrusions in the NGS reveal complex and highly dynamic patterns for the last two glacial and interglacial periods, with repetitive inflows during Isotope Stage 6 and a high variability in Isotope Stage 5. Specific facies patterns show maximum extensions of Atlantic Water intrusions during the climatic highstands 5.5.1, 5.3 and 5.1 and narrowest intrusions in the cool phases 5.4 and most pronounced in 5.2. In contrast, different glacio-marine depositional regimes depict variable sea ice coverage and supply of ice-rafted debris. Most conspicuous are short-term depositional events marked by diamictons, which are related to the high instabilities of continental ice sheets. Some of the diamictons seem to occur contemporaneously with Heinrich layers H1 and H2. The probable temporal and obvious phenomenological concidence of Heinrich layers and NGS diamictons suggests a common trigger mechanism which caused an almost simultaneous disintegration of huge continental ice masses along the shelves of North America and the eastern margin of the NGS. A previous estuarine circulation model claims regional upwelling along the eastern margin of the NGS for specific periods of the last deglaciation. The organic character of sediments covering the same time intervals show a clear predominance of reworked fossil organic matter and thus does not support the estuarine model.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    The visual computer 10 (1994), S. 205-215 
    ISSN: 1432-2315
    Keywords: Seed filling ; Graphic processors ; Frame-buffer operations ; Display algorithms ; Raster graphics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Abstract This paper presents fill algorithms for boundary-defined regions in raster graphics. The algorithms require only a constant-size working memory. The methods presented are based on the so-called “seed fill” algorithms that use the internal connectivity of the region with a given inner point. Basic methods, as well as additional hcuristics for speeding up the algorithm, are described and verified. Empirical results are used to compare the time complexities of the algorithms for different classes of regions.
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  • 7
    ISSN: 1432-1130
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Chemicals from customers’ returns have to be analyzed before they can be reused as raw materials in production. A procedure for non-invasive qualitative analysis of compounds in a closed container based on energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence (EDXRF) spectrometry is described. EDXRF was chosen as method for non-invasive analysis of chemicals through PE bottle walls without opening the bottle. This analysis aims for a quick proof of correspondence between the declaration of a reagent on the label of the bottle and its content. This analytical result cannot be achieved by a mere evaluation of characteristic element lines in EDXRF-spectra in combination with the method of matrix correction or the method of mean atomic number. These methods take into account only a small part of the total information available in an X-ray spectrum. It is shown here that valuable additional information is extractable from the spectral ranges of the Compton-scattering and Rayleigh-scattering areas by the use of methods of multivariate data analysis, especially by principle component analysis (PCA). Regularized discriminant analysis (RDA) was employed to establish a classification scheme for unknown samples.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of radioanalytical and nuclear chemistry 115 (1987), S. 317-333 
    ISSN: 1588-2780
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Notes: Abstract The use of an ultra low level liquid scintillation counter with extremely low background, MCA technique, storage and software evaluation of pulse height spectra has given very low LLD's, the possibility of α- and β-spectrometry to some extent and time saving optimization of counting conditions. Quick and very simple but yet accurate analytical methods could be worked out worked out for environmental measurements: Environmental levels of tritium,14C in several assimilation products,222Rn and226Ra in water without any sample pretreatment. Suggestions for possible further applications in environmenial monitoring and low level counting are given.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of forest research 23 (1901), S. 349-367 
    ISSN: 1612-4677
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of forest research 32 (1910), S. 130-131 
    ISSN: 1612-4677
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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