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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Communications in mathematical physics 3 (1966), S. 323-333 
    ISSN: 1432-0916
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The one particle problem in a spherical potential is examined in Classical Mechanics from a group theorical point of view. The constants of motion are classified according to their behaviour under the rotation groupSO(3), i.e. according to the irreducible representationsD j ofSO(3) (section 1). The Lie algebras ofSO(4) andSO(3) are explicitly built in terms of Poisson brackets for an arbitrary potential, from global considerations. The Kepler and the 3 dimensional oscillator problems are shown to play particular roles with respect to these groups (sections 2 and 3). In the last section, the Kepler problem is analyzed with the aid of theSO(4) group instead of the Lie algebra. It is proved that the transformations generated by the angular momentum and the Runge-Lenz vector form indeed a group of canonical transformations isomorphic toSO(4). Consequences with respect to the quantization problem are examined.
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 1966-10-01
    Print ISSN: 0010-3616
    Electronic ISSN: 1432-0916
    Topics: Mathematics , Physics
    Published by Springer
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Insectes sociaux 17 (1970), S. 39-47 
    ISSN: 1420-9098
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary Sifolinia kabylica is a new species in the algerian fauna of ants which was discovered while breedingMyrmica aloba. S. kabylica alludes to the genusMyrmica by the wing nervation and the existence of reduced spurs on the middle and hind tibia.
    Abstract: Riassunto Sifolinia kabylica e una nova specie della myrmecofauna algeriana que fu rivelata durante l'allevamento deMyrmica aloba. S. kabylica rievoca il generoMyrmica per la nervatura delle ali e la présènza di sproni ridotti a le tibie II e III.
    Notes: Résumé Sifolinia kabylica est une nouvelle espèce de la myrmécofaune algérienne, qui a été découverte en faisant l'élevage deMyrmica aloba (Forel).S. kabylica se rapproche du genreMyrmica par la nervation des ailes et l'existence d'éperons réduits aux tibias II et III.
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Insectes sociaux 5 (1958), S. 309-314 
    ISSN: 1420-9098
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary The attraction produced by last instar nymphs on larvae, nymphs with short wing pads and neotenics increases regularly with the importance of crowding. There is no difference in response between larvae, nymphs and néotenics for a same amount of crowding. Last instar nymphs do not show the same level of response as that exhibited by larvae; they also react less to density changes; soldiers exhibit the highest threshold of response. There does not appear to be any difference in reaction between the sexes in neotenics. These results, compared to those published formely [attraction by larvae (1)], show that: In most cases, the different types of individuals (soldiers excepted) do not react to last instar nymphs as well as they do to larvae. Soldiers, however, exhibit a higher level of response towards nymphs, since they react in the same way towards 10 nymphs or 20 larvae.
    Abstract: Zusammenfassung Die Anziehungskraft, die die Nymphen des letzten Stadiums auf die Larven, die Nymphen mit kurzen Flügelanlagen und die neotenischen Geschlechtstieren ausüben, variiert in linearer Abhängigkeit von der zahlenmässigen Bedeutung der attraktiven Gruppe. Es werden keine signifikanten Unterschiede gefunden in der Wirkung einer bestimmten attraktiven Gruppe auf die Larven, die Nymphen und die neotenischen Geschlechtstieren. Die Reaktionsschwelle der Nymphen des letzten Stadiums ist verschieden von derjenigen der Larven. Die Erstern reagieren weniger stark auf Veränderungen der Dichte der attraktiven Gruppe. Die Soldaten weisen die höchste Reaktionsschwelle auf. Bei den neotenischen Geschlechtstieren findet man keinen Unterschied in der Reaktion der beiden Geschlechter. Wenn man diese Resultate mit denjenigen vergleicht, die früher mit einer aus Larven zusammengesetzten Gruppe erhalten wurden (1), dann stellt man fest: daß im allgemeinen die Reaktion der Vertreter der verschiedenen Kasten (mit Ausnahme der Soldaten) gegenüber den Nymphen des letzten Stadiums schwächer ist, als gegenüber den Larven; daß dagegen die Soldaten stärker reagieren gegenüber den Nymphen, da sie auf eine attraktive Gruppe von lo Nymphen gleich reagieren wie auf eine solche von 20 Larven.
    Notes: Résumé L'attraction exercée par les nymphes du dernier stade à l'égard des larves, des nymphes à courts fourreaux alaires et des néoténiques varie linéairement en fonction de l'importance du groupe attractif. Il n'y a done pas de différence significative dans la réactivité des larves, des nymphes a courts fourreaux alaires et des néoténiques à l'égard d'un même groupe attractif. Les nymphes du dernier stade ont un seuil de réactivité différent de celui des larves et réagissent moins aux modifications de densité du groupe attractif. Les soldats présentent le seuil de réactivité le plus élevé. On ne remarque pas de différence de réactivité entre les sexes chez les néoténiques. Si l'on compare ces résultats à ceux obtenus antérieurement (Verron), avec un groupe attractif constitué de larves, on remarque que: - d'une manière générale, la réactivité des sujets des différentes castes (soldats mis à part) est plus faible à l'égard des nymphes du dernier stade qu'à l'égard des larves; - les soldats présentent, au contraire, une réactivité plus grande à l'égard des nymphes puisqu'ils répondent de la même manière à un groupe attractif de 10 nymphes et à un groupe de 20 larves.
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Pure and applied geophysics 132 (1990), S. 457-479 
    ISSN: 1420-9136
    Keywords: Turbulence ; mesures aéroportées ; fluctuation de pression ; presso-corrélations
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Résumé Nous avons décrit dansBardeau et al. (1987), la réalisation, le fonctionnement et les tests d'un microdébitmètre basé sur l'anémométrie à fil chaud. Il a été particulièrement montré que cet appareil était bien adapté aux mesures de pression et pression différentielle avec une grande sensibilité et une très faible constante de temps. Nous présentons ici les applications qui ont été faites de ce capteur aux mesures à haute résolution à bord d'avions instrumentés pour la recherche atmosphérique. L'avion utilisé était spécialement équipé pour les mesures de turbulence et permettait donc l'acquisition d'un grand nombre de paramètres indispensables à l'analyse des données de ce capteur. Dans les applications aéronautiques qui ont été faites, le capteur a surtout été utilisé en tant que variomètre. Les comparaisons avec les mesures standards d'altitude par pression et couplages pression-données inertielles montrent que cet instrument pourrait apporter une contribution intéressante dans le domaine de la mesure à haute fréquence des fluctuations de pression.
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1432-041X
    Keywords: Fish ; Homeobox gene ; Gastrulation Axial patterning
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract A carp caudal cDNA of 1.3 kb was cloned after screening an early segmentation stage cDNA library with a probe produced by PCR using conserved homeobox sequences as primers and genomic DNA as template. The homeobox gene was called carp-cdxl. The gene appears highly similar to other vertebrate caudal homologs, especially the zebrafish gene cdx(Zf-cad). The possible relationship to homeobox genes within the Hox-C gene complexes is discussed. A weak expression of the gene, detected by in situ hybridization, was found shortly before gastrulation (at 25% epiboly) in cells likely to have a posterior fate. During gastrulation expression became stronger. At the early segmentation stage, cells of the neural keel in the area of the prospective spinal cord expressed the gene. During the progression of segmentation, expression retracted in a caudal direction. The tailbud expressed the gene throughout, but the somites lost expression shortly after their formation. Only the most lateral mesoderm cells maintained expression in the trunk area. Carp-cdxl was also expressed in the endoderm. At 24 h after fertilization the gene was only expressed in the tailbud. At 48 h, no expression could be detected. The expression pattern suggests a function for carp-cdxl in gastrulation and patterning along the anterior-posterior axis of the embryo.
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  • 7
    ISSN: 1432-041X
    Keywords: Gastrulation ; Fibronectin ; Fish development
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary The present report firstly describes a pilot study in which, during early development of embryos of the common carp, Cyprinus carpio, the cellular adhesion to fibronectin (FN) was blocked by administration of GRGDS peptide (which binds to the FN-receptor). As this treatment resulted in developmental aberrations, suggesting a functional role for FN, the major part of the work was focussed on the distribution of reactivity of anti-FN antibodies during epiboly and gastrulation. GRGDS treatment had a concentration dependent effect on development. Incubation of embryos in 1.5 mg/ml from the 32-cell stage onwards caused a retardation of epiboly, which did not proceed beyond 60%. The embryos did not show involution, as was confirmed by histological study. These preliminary results suggest that FN is involved in both epiboly and gastrulation of carp embryos. During cleavage, no specific extracellular binding of anti-FN antiserum could be observed. However, binding to a number of cell membranes took place from early epiboly onwards. After the onset of gastrulation, we observed a gradually increasing number of the deepest epiblast cells, showing immunostaining on part of their surface, facing the yolk syncytial layer (YSL) or the involuted cells. During early epiboly, anti-FN binding was restricted to areas in front of the migratory hypoblast cells. Later on, binding was found at the border of hypoblast and epiblast cells. At 100% epiboly, some contact areas of epiblast and hypoblast showed a discontinuous lining of reactivity, whilst other areas appeared devoid of anti-FN binding sites. The results indicate that FN is involved in the migration and guidance of hypoblast cells during gastrulation in carp.
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  • 8
    ISSN: 1432-041X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé 1. Pendant les six premiers jours de la régénération céphalique d'Eisenia fœtida on a mis en évidence plusieurs phases métaboliques se succédant dans le temps et comprenant: — une première et courte stimulation de la synthèse protéique (de 6 à 16 heures) — une première et courte stimulation de la synthèse de l'ARN (de 12 à 36 heures) — une deuxième stimulation longue et continue de la synthèse protéique (à partir de 16 heures) — une deuxième stimulation longue et continue de la synthèse de l'ARN (à partir de 48 heures) — enfin la phase S. 2. Les inhibiteurs de la synthèse d'ARN (actinomycine D et 5-fluorouracile) employés pendant la première stimulation d'ARN (0–36 heures) arrêtent complétement la régénération. Après 36 heures, un temps d'action de même durée entraine surtout des retards ou des anomalies dans la régénération. Ces derniers résultats sont aussi obtenus si l'on traite les animaux par ces inhibiteurs 48 heures avant l'opération. 3. Des courtes durées d'application (30 ou 48 heures après opération) d'inhibiteurs de la synthèse protéique (puromycine et cyclohéximide) n'arrêtent pas la régénération, mais provoquent des anomalies ou un fort retard de la régénération. 4. Au cours de la première stimulation de la synthèse protéique la fraction urée soluble (et tout particulièrement parmi elle les protéines ayant le plus faible poids moléculaire) est préférentiellement synthétisée. On pense que ces protéines sont caractéristiques de la phase précoce de 1'activation. 5. Pendant les trois premiers jours, l'ARN synthétisé est d'un type polydispersé. A 0, 24, 48 et 72 heures il y a une élaboration prépondérante d'ARN ribosomal et d'ARN transfert. Cependant à 16 heures (début de la première stimulation de la synthèse d'ARN) il existe une synthèse accrue des fractions les plus lourdes et de celles comprises entre les pics 18 S et 4 S. A 36 heures (avant le début de la deuxième stimulation de la synthèse d'ARN) on remarque aussi une production accrue d'ARN lourd.
    Notes: Summary 1. During the first six days of cephalic regeneration of Eisenia foetida several successive metabolic stages have been found as follows: a first and short stimulation of protein synthesis (from the 6th to the 16th hour), a first and short stimulation of RNA synthesis (from the 12th to the 36th hour), a second stimulation of protein synthesis, larger than the first and continuous (beginning at the 16th hour), a second, long and continuous stimulation of RNA synthesis (beginning at the 48th hour) and finally the S phase. 2. The regeneration is totally stopped by the RNA synthesis inhibitors (actinomycin D and 5-fluorouracil) when added during the first RNA stimulation (0–36 hours). If added after the 36th hour the same inhibitors give mostly delay or anomalies in regeneration. Same results are obtained when animals are treated during 48 hours before operation. 3. The use of protein synthesis inhibitors (puromycin and cycloheximide) for short times does not stop regeneration, but gives anomalies and long delays in regeneration. 4. An urea soluble fraction (and specially proteins with smaller molecular weight) is preferentially synthesized during the first stimulation of protein synthesis. It is postulated that these proteins are characteristic of the early phase of cellular activation. 5. The RNA synthesized during the first three days is polydispersed. The RNAs formed at 0, 24, 48 and 72 hours are mostly of ribosomal and transfer type. Nevertheless an increased synthesis of the heaviest fractions and those between 18 S and 4–5 S peaks, occurs at the 16th hour (beginning of the first RNA synthesis stimulation). An increased production of heavy RNA is also noticed at 36 hours before the beginning of the second RNA synthesis stimulation.
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Development genes and evolution 209 (1999), S. 443-446 
    ISSN: 1432-041X
    Keywords: Key words C3H ; Zinc finger protein ; Zebrafish ; Oocyte maturation ; Maternal genes
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract  The Zfcth1 gene is, as the previously cloned carp cth1 gene, related to the mammalian TIS 11 family of primary response genes and encodes a protein with two putative CCCH zinc fingers. This report describes the RNA expression of this gene during oogenesis and early embryogenesis up to gastrulation in the zebrafish (Danio rerio). Maternal cth1 message is present in the ovary of 1-month-old fish and of adult fish in oocytes at all stages of maturation. In the youngest oocytes the message is localized in the cytoplasm all around the nucleus, in larger oocytes the message becomes restricted to the future animal pole of the embryo, and in mature oocytes the expression is sharply localized in the cortical layer under the micropyle. After ovulation the cth1 messenger spreads over the cytoplasmic cap and is distributed over the blastomeres during subsequent cleavages. In subsequent stages maternal expression of cth1 gradually disappears. From early epiboly stages onward embryonic cth1 expression is localized to the germ ring and the hypoblast cells in the central part of the embryonic shield. In the shield, cth1 expression largely overlaps with the area of gooscoid expression in the first involuting cells. In stages after 70% of epiboly cth1 expression diminishes and soon can no longer be detected in the embryo. Next to a developmental role in cell fate determination we propose a function for cth1 during oocyte maturation.
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  • 10
    ISSN: 1420-9098
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Description / Table of Contents: Riassunto Epimyrma algeriana (nova specie) è descritta per le tre caste. Questa forma algerina è vicina aE. ravouxi (André) da Francia, conoscita soltanto sulle femmine. E parassita delLeptothorax spinosa (Forel) pero nelle stazioni le più umide e sempre rara. La femmina delEpimyrma algeriana è poco feconda e relativement fragile in allevamento. I maschi e le femmine prodotti durantjl'estate sono poco numerosi; ci sono più di femmine che di maschi; dopo compaiono le operaie. Poi, la comunità pare condannata alla degenerazione. L'insediamento del parassito sarebbe agevolato da un microclima freddo ed umido diminuendo le reazioni defensive dell'ospite. L'adozione d'una giovane femmina delEpimyrma per un cominità di operaie e larve delL. spinosa in allevamento è riuscita alla temperatura di 12°C.
    Abstract: Summary Epimyrma algeriana, a newly discovered species of Ants is described in the three castes. This algerian form is akin toEpimyrma ravouxi (André) of France, of which, only four females are known. E. algeriana is a parasite onLeptothorax spinosa (Forel) in the moistest stations but remains always scarse. The female is little prolific and relatively fragile in breeding. Males and females hatched during summer are few in number; there are more ♂ than ♀; the workers appear later. Then the community seems bound to degeneration. The parasite introduction seems to be facilited by a cold and moist micro-climate, reducing the reactions of the host. The adoption of a young female ofEpimyrma by workers and larvae community ofL. spinosa, bred at a temperature of 12° Centigr. has been successfully achieved.
    Notes: Résumé Epimyrma algeriana est décrite pour ses trois castes. Cette forme algérienne est voisine d'E. ravouxi (André) de France, connue seulement sur les femelles. Elle parasiteLeptothorax spinosa (Forel) dans ses stations les plus humides mais demeure toujours rare. La femelle d'Epimyrma algeriana est peu féconde et relativement fragile en élevage. Les sexués produits en été sont peu nombreux; il y a plus de femelles que de mâles; les ouvrières apparaissent ensuite. Puis la communauté semble vouée à la dégénérescence. L'installation du parasite serait facilitée par un micro-climat froid et humide ralentissant les réactions défensives de l'hôte. On a réussi l'adoption d'une jeune femelle d'Epimyrma par une société d'ouvrières et de larves deL. spinosa en élevage, à la température de 12°.
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