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  • Springer  (43)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Pure and applied geophysics 156 (1999), S. 303-318 
    ISSN: 1420-9136
    Keywords: Key words: Borehole seismics, velocity estimation, KTB seismic experiments, vertical receiver array, transmitted wave field, P-to-S conversion.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract —Within the "Integrated Seismics Oberpfalz 1989 (ISO89)" a three-component Moving Source Profiling (MSP) experiment, also named walk-away VSP, was carried out at the drilling site of the "Kontinentales Tiefbohrprogramm der Bundesrepublik Deutschland (KTB)" in Germany. Analysis of transmitted waves traveling from the source locations at the surface down to the receiver array in the borehole reveals velocity information about the illuminated part of the subsurface. Complementary to the widely used evaluation of travel-time perturbations to locate velocity inhomogeneities we suggest the use of the directivity of transmitted wave types down in the borehole. To determine the wave-field directivity we focus on transmitted arrivals by employing principles of "Controlled Directional Reception (CDR)." We calculate local slant-stacks for three different depth positions as a function of the source offset, thus obtaining the variation of the vertical slowness (vertical ray parameter) of incident waves along the horizontal source profile and the vertical receiver array. The slowness data combined with travel times are interpreted by forward modeling taking into account geological information of the survey area. Our findings confirm results from gravity measurements which suggest the existence of large amphibolite/metabasite complexes in the vicinity of the borehole. The described method is also used to identify P-to-S converted energy originating from fracture zones above the receiver array and to locate the region in which conversion occurs.
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    International journal of earth sciences 78 (1989), S. 691-703 
    ISSN: 1437-3262
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences
    Description / Table of Contents: Abstract The Ocean Drilling Program (ODP), and its predecessor DSDP, collected a unique data set which can be used to verify fundamental hypotheses on the origin and constitution of the oceanic crust. The combination of geophysical surface- and boreholemeasurements with geological and petrological probing requires a multidisciplinary approach. In this respect, the purpose of this paper is to show the possibilities of reflection seismic data to support stratigraphic interpretation. The data used in this investigation come from one of the prime targets of German ODP-research, namely the Moroccan basin offshore NW-Africa. Drill Site 416 and two multichannel seismic profiles were at our disposal. The punctuate information on physical rock properties and logging results at Site 416 were processed to appear comparable with the seismic profiles. Computation of synthetic seismograms using borehole data as input (forward modelling) allowed to associate reflection horizons with geological boundaries. Calculation of pseudo-velocity logs from reflection profiles (inverse modelling), calibrated by the borehole measurements, enables us to extend the local information of the drill site into a wider area. Although reconnaissance surveys within ODP-programs do not produce a data set comparable in quantity and quality with commercial seismic exploration campaigns, they present an excellent opportunity to use quantitative modelling techniques to understand the origin of the seismic record in a specific region and to examine the potential of seismic stratigraphy as an important tool in marine geosciences.
    Abstract: Résumé L' «Ocean Drilling Program» (ODP), comme son prédécesseur le DSDP, a récolté un ensemble unique de renseignements utilisables à la vérification des hypothèses fondamentales relatives à l'origine et à la constitution de la croûte océanique. La combinaison des mesures géophysiques, effectuées en surface et en sondage, avec les données géologiques et pétrologiques exige une approche pluridisciplinaire. A cet égard, l'objet de cette note est de montrer l'apport de la sismique — réflexion dans l'interprétation stratigraphique. Les données utilisées proviennent d'une des premières cibles du programme allemand ODP, à savoir le bassin marocain situé au large du NW de l'Afrique. Nous avons eu à notre disposition le sondage n∘ 416, ainsi que deux profils sismiques multicanaux. Les informations ponctuelles sur les propriétés physiques des roches et les mesures effectuées dans le sondage 416 ont été traitées de manière à être comparables aux profils sismiques. Des séismogrammes synthétiques ont été calculés à partir des mesures faites dans le sondage (modélisation directe), ce qui a permis de corréler les réflecteurs avec les limites géologiques. Le calcul, à partir des profils «réflexion», de logs de pseudo-vitesse (modélisation inverse) calibrés par les mesures faites dans le sondage nous a permis d'étendre les informations locales fournies par le sondage à une aire plus étendue. Bien que les levés de reconnaissance que comporte le programme ODP ne fournissent pas un ensemble de données comparables en qualité et en quantité à celles d'une campagne d'exploration sismique commerciale, ils procurent néanmoins une excellente occasion d'appliquer les techniques de la modélisation quantitative à l'interprétation des enregistrements sismiques et de montrer les possibilités de l'outil important que constitue la stratigraphie sismique dans la géologie sous-marine.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Das Ocean Drilling Project (ODP, früher DSDP) liefert einen einmaligen Datensatz, der für die Verifizierung von fundamentalen Hypothesen zur Entstehung und Zusammensetzung der ozeanischen Kruste dienen kann. Die Kombination von geophysikalischen Oberflächenund Bohrlochmessungen erfordert zusammen mit den geologischen und petrologischen Daten einen interdisziplinären Ansatz. In dieser Hinsicht möchte der folgende Artikel die Möglichkeiten aufzeigen, die seismische Daten für die Unterstützung einer stratigraphischen Interpretation bieten. Die Daten dieser Untersuchung stammen aus einem Hauptzielgebiet der deutschen ODP-Forschung, dem marokkanischen Becken westlich der NW-Küste Afrikas. Die DSDP-Bohrlokation 416 und zwei seismische Mehrkanal-Profile standen uns zur Verfügung. Die punktuelle Information über die physikalischen Gesteinseigenschaften und die Ergebnisse der Bohrlochmessungen des Site 416 wurden so bearbeitet, daß sie mit den seismischen Profilen vergleichbar sind. Die Berechnungen von synthetischen Seismogrammen mit den Bohrlochmessungen als Eingangsdaten (Vorwärtsmodellierung) erlaubt die Verbindung von Reflexionshorizonten mit geologischen Grenzen. Die Berechnung von Pseudo-Geschwindigkeitslogs, kalibriert an den Bohrlochmessungen, aus den reflexionsseismischen Profilen (inverses Modellieren), ermöglicht es, die lokale Information des Bohrlochs über einen größeren Bereich um das Bohrloch zu erweitern. Obwohl die Vorerkundungsarbeiten innerhalb des ODP-Projekts Daten erbringen, die in Quantität und Qualität nur eingeschränkt mit denen kommerzieller seismischer Explorationserkundungen vergleichbar sind, stellen sie eine hervorragende Möglichkeit zur Anwendung von quantitativen Modellierungstechniken dar, die zur Interpretation der Seismogramme der untersuchten Region beitragen und die Leistungsfähigkeit der seismischen Stratigraphie als ein wichtiges Werkzeug in den marinen Geowissenschaften zeigen.
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1434-6052
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract We have studied the reactione + e −→e + e − using data taken by the CELLO detector at 35 GeV centre of mass energy with an integrated luminosity of 86 pb−1. The differential cross section is found to agree with the Standard Model and is used to set limits on possible deviations from the pointlike structure of the electron. The lower limits obtained for the compositeness scale Λ range from 0.8 to 6.0 TeV (95% C.L.), depending on the structure of the current.
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1434-6052
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract Differential cross section data of the CELLO experiment on pair production of muons, taus, and heavy quarks ine + e −-annihilation are presented and analysed, together with our data on Bhabha scattering, in terms of compositeness effects characterized by the mass scale Λ. We discuss difficulties in the combination of limits Λ from different experiments. The appropriate parameter to combine different results turns out to be ɛ=±1/Λ 2, which is in contrast to Λ Gaussian distributed.
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1434-6052
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract We have measured the cross section andQ 2-dependence of the reaction γγ→ multihadrons, using the CELLO detector at DESY, for visible final-state masses between 4 and 9 GeV. The data are well fitted by an incoherent sum of Generalised Vector Meson Dominance and Quark Parton Model terms, but at lowQ 2 require the addition of a third component which resembles the QPM but is less two-jet-like. With and without this term, the GVDM cross section atQ 2=0 is found to be 200±20 and 250±25 nb, respectively.
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1434-6052
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract We present high precision results from an analysis of all major τ branching ratios, determined simultaneously in the same experiment. The results are based on 6064 τ decays observed at $$\sqrt s = 35 GeV$$ , using the CELLO detector at PETRA. The sum of the measured exclusive branching ratios saturates the total τ decay width. In a comparison with the topological branching ratios measured recently by CELLO, the sums of the respective exclusive branching ratios are found to saturate the inclusive fractions. Our results are in good general agreement with existing measurements. However, the decay fractions for τ−→π−π+π− v τ, and π−→π−π0π0 v τ are larger than the present world averages. All measured branching ratios are in good agreement with the expectations from a standard τ lepton.
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  • 7
    ISSN: 1434-6052
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract We have studied the ρ0 production rate in the reaction ξξ→3π+3π− in the energy range 1.6≦W γγ≦7.5 GeV with the CELLO detector at PETRA. Our analysis points to a substantial yield of ρ0ρ0π+π− events in particular atW γγ〉4.0 GeV. We give cross sections for the ρ02π+2π− and ρ0ρ0π+π− final states and calculate upper limits for the reaction γγ→ρ0ρ0 (1700) →ρ0ρ0π+π−.
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  • 8
    ISSN: 1434-6052
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract We present measurement of the π0γ*γ, ηγ*γ and η′γ*γ form factors. The π0-form factor is for the first time observed in the space-like region. The transition form factor of the η-meson is determined from its decay modes π+π−π0, π+π−γ and the neutral decay mode γγ. The decay of the η′ is observed in the decay channels ργ, ηπ+π− with η→γγ and in the four charged prong final state stemming from ηπ+π− with the η decaying into π+π−(π0/γ). All form factors agree well with a simple ρ-pole predicted by the vector meson dominance model and also with the QCD inspired Brodsky-Lepage model.
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  • 9
    ISSN: 1434-6052
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract Using the CELLO detector, we have measured cross sections for the processγγ→π + π − in the mass range 0.75–1.9 GeV/c2. A partial wave fit to the data indicates the presence of a sizeableS-wave amplitude with signs of resonant behaviour. Values for the γγ width of thef 2(1270) are given, showing the model-dependence of this quantity. At higher dipion masses, the model of Brodsky and Lepage is found to give an order of magnitude description of the data.
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  • 10
    ISSN: 1434-6052
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract Mass limits are presented for various supersymmetric particles: scalar partners of electrons, muons, taus and quarks; photinos, winos and zinos. They were obtained from the analysis of an exposure of 48.6 pb−1 of the CELLO detector at the PETRAe + e − storage ring up to a center of mass energy of 46.8 GeV. Special attention has been given to the case where the photino is assumed to be the lightest supersymmetric particle, but other possibilities have also been considered.
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