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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Texture and sedimentation rates in Lake Geneva (1983)
    Springer
    Environmental geology 5 (1983), S. 143-149 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0495
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract Thirty two cores were collected from Lake Geneva sediments along one longitudinal and eight transverse profiles. Rates of sedimentation determined by137Cs vary from 0.01 to 1.86 g cm−2 y−1. The average deposition rates in coastal and slope areas amounts to 0.37 g cm−2 y−1 in the Upper Lake (Grand Lac) and 0.12 g cm−2 y−1 in the Lower Lake (Petit Lac). In the deep basins, average rates of 0.13 and 0.05 g cm−2 y−1 were found for the Grand Lac and Petit Lac, respectively. The estimated mass of sediment deposited yearly outside of the principal deltas and turbidity current depositional areas is about 1.0 million tons (about 13% of the estimated total river load). One turbidite is clearly identified in the deepest, central lake area. There is little variation of surface sediment texture (mean grain size about 8–9µm) with the exception of delta areas. Since the beginning of the twentieth century, both carbonate and organic matter have increased as a result of lake eutrophication.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02381272
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Sedimentation rate variations and anthropogenic metal fluxes into Lake Constance sediments (1983)
    Springer
    Environmental geology 5 (1983), S. 151-157 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0495
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract Sedimentation rates were determined by210Pb in three sediment cores from the main basin of Lake Constance. Rates vary from 0.094 to 0.133 g cm−2y−1, in agreement with previous determinations. A constant radionuclide flux (CR) model reveals long-term, quasi-synchronous fluctuations of sedimentation rate on the basin-wide scale. On average, the rate of sedimentation remains much the same from the beginning of this century indicating little effect of human activity in the watershed on fine-silt sediment supply. The anthropogenic fluxes of Zn, Pb, and Cd in the three cores are compared and the application of210Pb as a heavy metal tracer in Lake Constance is examined. It seems to be a very good tracer for Pb, moderately good for Zn and Cu, and not useful for Cd.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02381273
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Zur Chronologie anthropogener Schwermetalle in den Sedimenten des Attersees (Österreich) (1983)
    Springer
    Mineralogy and petrology 31 (1983), S. 193-206 
    Details
    ISSN: 1438-1168
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary The investigation of the heavy metal concentrations of a sedimentary core from the northern part of the Attersee (Austria) revealed a bipartition of the core: a lower part (below 20 cm depth within the sediment) with generally low metal concentrations and an upper (above 20 cm depth) section, in which Cd, Zn and Pb begin to rise until a 5.6-fold (Cd), 3.1-fold (Zn) and 1.9-fold (Pb) increase is attained in the uppermost 6-4 cm layers within the sediment.210Pb and137Cs dating designate 1870–1880 as the initial stage of heavy metal pollution originating from anthropogenic sources and 1960–65 as the stage of maximum enrichment. The highest metal concentrations are in the same range as concentrations described from sediments from 7 lakes in Upper Bavaria with a similar setting (recreational areas with little or no industry). Domestic sewage and rural runoff in connection with the immission of atmospheric dust enriched in heavy metals which result mainly from coal combustion are believed to be the major metal sources. The overall low P-concentrations in the lake sediments do not vary with depth; they indicate that present oligotrophic conditions of the lake have persisted for centuries.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Die Untersuchung eines Sedimentkerns aus dem nördlichen Teil des Attersees (Österreich) zeigt, daß die Schwermetalle Cd, Zn und Pb ab einer Sedimenttiefe von 20 cm (Sediment-Alter 1870–1880) nach oben hin±kontineuierlich ansteigen und ihre Maximalkonzentration in einer Sedimenttiefe von 6-4 cm (1960–1965) erreichen. Im Vergleich zu den unterhalb von 20 cm abgelagerten Sedimenten (die Schwermetallgehalte entsprechen dem “präzivilisatorischen Background”) sind die Schwermetallkonzentrationen in den obersten 5 cm des Kerns 5,6fach (Cd), 3,1fach (Zn) und 1,9fach (Pb) höher als Folge des Schwermetalleintrags aus häuslichen und ländlichen Abwässern sowie aus dem Eintrag von stark schwermetall-belastetem Flugstaub, der vor allem aus der Verbrennung von Steinkohle stammt. Die in den obersten Lagen des Attersee-Kernes gemessenen Konzentrationen an Cd, Zn und Pb liegen ähnlich hoch wie in Oberflächen-Sedimenten mehrerer anderer Seen Oberbayerns in Gebieten, deren Struktur mit dem Atterseegebiet vergleichbar ist. Der (insgesamt niedrige) Phosphatgehalt der Sedimente zeigt keine Abhängigkeit von der Tiefe und bestätigt den auch heute noch andauernden oligotrophen Zustand des Gewässers.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01081368
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Seasonal delivery of the particulate forms of phosphorus to Lake Geneva from the upper Rhone river (1990)
    Springer
    Aquatic sciences 52 (1990), S. 221-235 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9055
    Keywords: Particulate phosphorus ; Rhône ; Lake Geneva ; fluvial transport
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Large volume water samples were taken at Porte du Scex and Bouveret at the mouth of the Upper Rhone River as it enters Lake Geneva. Samples were taken every two weeks during 1982 up until August 1983. Water samples were analyzed for total phosphorus (TP), and soluble reactive phosphorus (SRP) and were centrifuged in the field using a continuous flow centrifuge to recover the suspended solids following sieving at 63 µm. The 〈 63 µm solids were analyzed for total particulate phosphorus (TPP), organic phosphorus (OP), apatite phosphorus (AP) and non apatite inorganic phosphorus (NAIP). The 〉 63 µm were similarly analyzed and the weight of total solids in both size fractions recorded. Results were compared throughout the period of record to the hydrograph situated at Porte de Scex. The annual cycle of the Rhone can be divided into a low turbidity, low flow winter period (SED 1) and high flow, high turbidity summer season designated (SED 2). Turbidity is well related to discharge. The 〉 63 µm sediment is mobilized at 200 m3 s−1 and thereafter increases in concert with, though at a faster rate than, the 〈 63 µm fraction. The coarse fraction contains significant quantities of phosphorus and in 1982 accounted for 26% of the TPP loading. OP and NAIP are higher in SED 1 than in SED 2 though AP remains constant throughout the year. OP is believed to be driven primarily from point sources whereas NAIP, in addition to point sources, has secondary sources in spring and summer due to sheet erosion from the agricultural soils of the valley. Loadings of phosphorus were calculated by four methods which showed internal consistency though they were higher than previous estimates. Bioavailable phosphorus (BAP) was estimated to account for some 20% of the total phosphorus loading of some 1500 tonnes; BAP is here taken to be the sum of SRP and NAIP and is that portion of the phosphorus load believed to be available to generate phytoplankton growth.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00877281
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Turbidity and mass concentration of suspended matter in lake water: A comparison of two calibration methods (1995)
    Springer
    Aquatic sciences 57 (1995), S. 54-69 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9055
    Keywords: Nephelometry ; suspended particles ; mass-calibration ; Lake Lugano (Lago di Lugano)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Turbidity measurements by foreward scattering nephelometer have been regularly conducted on the north basin of Lake Lugano (Switzerland/Italy) since September 1992. In order to determine mass concentrations from these data, both, in-situ and laboratory calibration experiments have been performed in November and December 1992 on suspended matter of the hypolimnion. Results show: 1. Mass concentration/turbidity ratios are different in the two turbidity zones examined due to variation in the optical signature of the suspended matter. 2. Laboratory calibrations using suspended matter originating from the water depths of interest give representative results provided that physical and chemical alterations occuring during the particle transfer process remain negligible.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00878026
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The Fate of Chernobyl137Cs in Lake Lugano (1992)
    Springer
    Aquatic sciences 54 (1992), S. 238-254 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9055
    Keywords: Chernobyl ; Cs-137 ; sediment ; pore water ; redox processes ; Lake Lugano (Lago di Lugano)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract A rapid removal of Chernobyl137Cs from a number of large lakes has been previously reported. Our measurements of137Cs in water, sediments and pore water in the mono- and meromictic basins of Lake Lugano (Lago di Lugano) reveal generally slower half-removal times of 1.2 and 6.7 yrs, respectively. In the seasonally anoxic southern basin, this is most probably related to an intensive recycling of137Cs between water and sediments. In the permanently stratified northern basin the removal rate is much slower due to an important inventory build up in the deep anoxic part of the basin.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00878139
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The role of sediments in the phosphorus cycle in Lake Lugano. I. Geochemical approach (1992)
    Springer
    Aquatic sciences 54 (1992), S. 277-284 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9055
    Keywords: Sediments ; phosphorus cycling ; Lake Lugano (Lago di Lugano) ; forms of phosphorus
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The bottom sediment from three coring stations in Lake Lugano (Lago di Lugano) show major differences in their role in the P-cycles related to their geochemistry and characteristics of sedimentation. In the northern basin, the deepest sediment may be considered practically “inactive”, due to a permanently reduced condition at the sediment-water interface. In the southern basin, the sediments are “active” with respect to P-recycling with strong seasonal variations. One of the sites (Figino) behaves as a sink for P due to a high iron content and an important rate of detrital sedimentation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00878141
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Eutrophication changes sedimentation in part of lake constance (1979)
    Springer
    Naturwissenschaften 66 (1979), S. 261-262 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1904
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00571608
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Sedimentary record of environmental pollution in the Western Baltic Sea (1980)
    Springer
    Naturwissenschaften 67 (1980), S. 595-600 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1904
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Natural Sciences in General
    Notes: Abstract The chronological development of environmental pollution in the Western Baltic Sea for the past hundred years was investigated in dated sediment cores. An artificial radionuclide (137Cs), nutrients, heavy metals, chlorinated hydrocarbons (PCB, DDT, Lindane) and plasticizers (phthalate esters) show characteristic distribution patterns within the various cores. They can be related to the production and use of specific chemicals and goods, to emissions associated with the increased combustion of coal parallel to industrialization and —in the case of 137Cs — to emissions associated with atomic weapons tests in the high atmosphere. Characteristic trends in the general development of pollution may be superimposed by specific emissions from local sources.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00396539
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Blue and red supergiants and the age structure of the NGC 330 region (1993)
    Springer
    Space science reviews 66 (1993), S. 61-64 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9672
    Keywords: NGC 330 ; star formation ; stellar evolutionary models ; supergiants
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract We analysed new UBVRI CCD photometry of the massive, blue SMC cluster NGC 330 and its surrounding field. The age structure and a new reddening value for the stellar population in this region of the SMC are derived and the implications for star formation in this part of the SMC and for stellar evolution are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00771046
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