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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 35 (1988), S. 21-24 
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: doxazosin ; hypertension ; alpha-adrenergic blockade ; bioavailability ; pharmacokinetics ; adverse effects
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The antihypertensive effects and steady-state pharmacokinetics of doxazosin, as well as the bioequivalence of four dosage forms, were studied in 25 hypertensive patients. For an 8 mg daily dose mean Cmax at steady-state for all patients was 108 ng/ml; the mean tmax was 1.8 h. The mean terminal elimination half-life was 22 h. The four tablets containing 1, 2, 4, or 8 mg of doxazosin were bioequivalent in delivering the 8 mg dose. In patients with mild to moderate hypertension, 26-day treatment with doxazosin resulted in blood pressure reduction of 10/7 mm Hg in the supine and 13/18 mm Hg in the standing position. Adverse effects were generally mild and of brief duration.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 21 (1981), S. 109-114 
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: theophylline ; beta-blocker ; asthma ; arterial blood pressure ; inotropism ; heart rate
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The effects of theophylline upon cardiovascular function were studied in 8 male subjects, aged 22–33 years, before and during concomitant administration of metoprolol (50 mg every 6 h) and propranolol (40 mg every 6 h). Theophylline, as aminophylline (6.7–7.3 mg/kg) was given over 30 min. The theophylline level five minutes after completion of the aminophylline infusion was 15.9±1.8 µg/ml in the absence of beta blockade, 16.1±1.7 µg/ml during metoprolol, and 15.1±1.6 µg/ml during propranolol. Theophylline produced a 7% increase in mean arterial pressure which was not attenuated by either metoprolol or propranolol. Heart rate was not changed by theophylline. The QS2 Index (QS2I), a sensitive indicator of inotropism, was shortened from 488±16 to 476±16 msec (p〈0.01) by theophylline alone. After administration of metoprolol or propranolol, theophylline produced no shortening of the QS2I. Theophylline has a mild inotropic effect in healthy subjects. This effect is prevented by pretreatment with beta-adrenergic antagonists.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Empirical economics 2 (1977), S. 79-100 
    ISSN: 1435-8921
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Summary The purpose of this paper is to analyse for sectoral industries the responsiveness of the production structure to price changes for domestic and imported goods, and for competitive imports. Under the assumption of cost-minimizing behaviour a sector can either rearrange factors of production for producing its output at home, or he can reduce the production by importing the competitive final product. Instead of characterizing the technology by a homogeneous production function in the quantities of intermediate goods, capital, labor and imports, we choose the unit cost function in the prices of the inputs. By using Shephard's Lemma we obtain a system of cost-minimizing input- and import coefficients as functions of the prices which account for substitution possibilities and changes in technology over time. For purposes of econometric estimation we choose translog unit cost functions and translog price aggregator functions. Our empirical results are based on yearly input-output tables and import matrices in current and constant prices for the Federal Republic of Germany for the periode 1954–1967.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of economics 42 (1982), S. 317-338 
    ISSN: 1617-7134
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Economics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Naturwissenschaften 24 (1936), S. 347-352 
    ISSN: 1432-1904
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Naturwissenschaften 24 (1936), S. 604-606 
    ISSN: 1432-1904
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Naturwissenschaften 48 (1961), S. 26-27 
    ISSN: 1432-1904
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Oecologia 96 (1993), S. 290-292 
    ISSN: 1432-1939
    Keywords: Lack's hypothesis ; Parental investment ; Feeding nestlings ; Clutch size ; Tradeoff model
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract A recent model of parental provisioning (the “tradeoff model”) suggests that the maximum delivery rate of food to nestlings represents a tradeoff between parental residual reproductive value and nestling survival. In contrast, Lack's hypothesis suggests that maximum provisioning rate determines brood size and therefore delivery rates are limited by shortages of food or foraging time, not by tradeoffs of parental investment. Several authors have examined the shape of the per-nestling feeding curves to test the tradeoff model against Lack's hypothesis. We show that Lack's hypothesis can produce per-nestling feeding curves consistent with the tradeoff model. Therefore, the shape of the per-nestling feeding curve cannot be used to distinguish between the models.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    ISSN: 1432-1939
    Keywords: Eastern phoebe ; Cost of reproduction ; Sayornis phoebe ; Clutch manipulation ; Parental provisioning
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary First clutches of double-brooded eastern phoebes Sayornis phoebe were manipulated (up two eggs, down 2 eggs or no change) to test for intraseasonal reproductive tradeoffs and to test whether size of first brood influenced food delivery rates to nestlings and nestling quality in second broods. Considering all nests from both broods, rate of feeding nestlings increased linearly with brood size but nestling mass per nest decreased with increasing brood size. High nestling weights in small broods may have resulted from parents delivering better quality food, but we did not test this. Among treatment groups in first broods, nestlings from decreased broods weighed more than those in control or increased broods. Treatment did not influence the likelihood that second nests would be attempted after successful first nests nor did it alter the interval between nests. Nestlings of parents that renested weighed more than those of parents that did not, regardless of treatment, suggesting that post-fledging care may preclude renesting. Mass of individual females did not change between broods, regardless of brood size. Clutch sizes of second attempts were not affected by manipulations of first broods but increasing first broods reduced the number of nestlings parents were able to raise to day 11 in their second broods. However, manipulation of first broods did not affect mean nestling mass per nest of nestlings that survived to day 11. In phoebes, parents of small first broods are able to raise nestlings in better condition. We predict that in harsh years, parents of small first broods would be more likely to renest. Parents of enlarged first broods sacrificed quality of offspring in second broods, which seems a reasonable strategy if nestlings from second broods have lower reproductive value.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Empirical economics 16 (1991), S. 433-445 
    ISSN: 1435-8921
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Abstract It is shown how, using data at the firm level, it may be possible to test for the existence of excess capacity as a strategic weapon to protect market share against competitors and potential entrants. If excess capacity has been found, it is also possible to test the extent of the threat, for example whether sufficient excess capacity is held to drive the firm's own profits to zero if all were employed. Yearly data for a brewery have been used as an example of the tests.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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