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    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Biology and fertility of soils 32 (2000), S. 374-380 
    ISSN: 1432-0789
    Keywords: Keywords Fungi ; Basidiomycete ; Saprophytic lignin-decomposing basidiomycete ; Soil aggregation ; Water-stable aggregate
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Geosciences , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract  We studied the effects of a saprophytic lignin-decomposing basidiomycete isolated from plant litter on soil aggregation and stabilization. The basidiomycete produced large quantities of extracellular materials that bind soil particles into aggregates. These binding agents are water-insoluble and heat-resistant. Water stability of aggregates amended with the fungus and the degrees of biodegradation of the binding agents by native soil microorganisms were determined by the wet-sieving method. The data demonstrated that aggregates supplemented with a source of C (millet or lentil straw) were much more water-stable and resisted microbial decomposition longer than when they were prepared with fungal homogenates alone. Moreover, retrieval of fungal-amended aggregates supplemented with millet during the first 4 weeks of incubation in natural soil exhibited more large aggregate fractions (〉2 mm) than the ones supplemented with lentil straw. The possible relationship of the role of basidiomycetes in litter decomposition and soil aggregation is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Calcified tissue international 4 (1969), S. 60-68 
    ISSN: 1432-0827
    Keywords: Calcium phosphate ; Osteocyte ; Electron microscope ; Electron probe ; Osteolysis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé Nous avons administé 0,6 mg de Dihydrotachystérol à des rats, à raison de 2×0,1 mg par semaine. Les observations suivantes on été faites au moyen du microscope électronique et du radioanalyseur à microsonde électronique. 1. La gaine mucopolysaccharidique péri-ostéocytaire est nettement élargie ches les animaux traités; elle contient un matériel de haute densité électronique constitué de fines particules arrondies ou allongées, variables quant à la quantité et la répartition; 2. La microanalyse met en évidence, dans la gaine péri-ostéocytaire, das quantités considérables de calcium et de phosphore. Le rapport Ca/P peut atteindre celui de l'apatite pure. Nous considérons les particules dérites comme des germes de nucléation de phosphate de calcium. Nous pensons que par suite d'une augmentation pathologique du métabolisme calcique, des sels calciques sont libérés à partir de la substance minéralisée entourant la lacune ostéocytaire, en quantités telles qu'ils deviennent morphologiquement apparents dans la gaine péricellulaire.
    Abstract: Zusammenfassung Ratten wurden mit 0,6 mg Dihydrotachysterin (0,1 mg zweimal wöchentlich) behandelt. Dabei wurden mit Hilfe des Elektronenmikroskops und der elektronenmikroskopischen Elektronentrahl-Mikroanalyse folgende Befunde erhoben: 1. Bei den behandelten Tieren war die periosteocytäre Mucopolysaccharidscheide deutlich verbreitert. Sie enthielt, in wechselnder Menge und Verteilung, kleine rundliche oder nadelförmige, elektronendichte Partikel. 2. Mit der elektronenmikroskopischen Elektronentrahl-Mikroanalyse konnten in der Zell-scheide große Mengen von Calcium und Phosphor nachgewiesen werden. Das Verhältnis Ca/P kann die Werte reinen Apatits erreichen. Wir halten die elektronendichten Partikel für Calciumphosphat-Keime. Im Rahmen eines pathologisch gesteigerten Calciumstoffwechsels werden Calciumsalze in solchen Mengen aus der die Osteocytenhöhle umgebenden mineralisierten Grundsubstanz freigesetzt, daß sie morphologisch nachweisbar werden.
    Notes: Abstract Rats were treated with 0.6 mg (0.1 mg twice a week) of dihydrotachysterol and the following electron microscopic and electron-probe X-ray microanalytical findings were made: 1. The periosteocytic mucopolysaccharide sheath is definitely enlarged in the treated animals. In it were found, in variable quantities and distribution, collections of round or needle-shaped electron-dense particles. 2. By electron-probe X-ray microanalysis, high concentrations of calcium and phosphorus were detected in the cell sheath, where the Ca/P ratio may reach the value of pure apatite. The electron-dense particles are considered to be calcium phosphate nuclei. It is postulated that in consequence of the pathologically increased calcium turnover, calcium salts are set free from the mineralized matrix surrounding the osteocyte lacuna in such quantities as to become morphologically detectable in the cell sheath.
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Chromatographia 7 (1974), S. 526-529 
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary A computer program with some new algorithms for the determination of peak areas of gas chromatograms has been developed which has been used for several years with a satellite computer system. In contrast to most gc-programs the first and second derivatives of the curve are not used for peak detection. The maximum of a peak is defined by ordinates of the sample points alone; the base line is constructed by drawing curves of higher order through those parts of the chromatogram which are defined to be base line by special criteria. Consequently, the peak areas on the tailing of a solvent are determined more correctly than with skimming and, furthermore, the calculated base line of chromatograms with temperature program and subsequent isothermal run can be approximated to the real base line. The base line divides the chromatogram into several peak groups which are further separated by the “democratic distribution” method. This program is best suited for nonroutine analysis in research laboratories, because only a few input parameters are necessary for peak area determination with unknown chromatograms.
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Chromatographia 5 (1972), S. 173-176 
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Zur Identifizierung von Peaks bei der quantitativen gas-chromatographischen Analyse sind Retentionsindices (RI) nachKovats besser geeignet als relative Nettoretentionszeiten. Dicht hintereinander eluierende Komponenten sind noch sicher über ihre RI zuzuordnen, wenn die Streubereiche der relativen Nettoretentionszeiten sich schon weit überlappen. Bei isothermer Arbeitsweise werden aus den Retentionszeitdifferenzen dreier beliebiger Komponenten der Probe, deren RI bekannt sind, die Nettoretentionszeiten und daraus die RI aller Peaks errechnet. Dieses Prinzip wird in einem Gas-Chromatograph/Computer-System angewendet, in dem ein IBM 1800-Rechner als Satellit einer Großrechenanlage eingesetzt ist. Die Zuordnung gelingt auch, wenn die Messungen bei unvolkommener Temperaturstabilisierung ausgeführt werden.
    Abstract: Résumé Pour l'identification des pics sur les chromatogrammes en phase gazeuse il est préférable d'utiliser les indices de rétention de Kovats (IR) au lieu des temps de rétention nets relaitfs. Des pics avec de faibles différences d'IR peuvent être identifiés avec certitude par leurs IR, tandis que les régions d'incertitude des temps de rétention nets relatifs se chevauchent. A température constante il est possible de calculer les temps de rétention nets et les indices de rétention de Kovats qui en découlent à partir des différences des temps de rétention de trois composants quelconques de l'échantillon dont les IR sont connus. Ce principe est utilisé dans une combinaison de chromatographe en phase gazeuse et d'ordinateur, qui emploie un ordinateur IBM 1800 comme satellite d'un centre de calcul. — Cette adjonction est possible même si les mesures ont été faites avec une stabilsation de température imparfaite.
    Notes: Summary Retention Index (RI) values are better suitable for peak identification in quantitative gas chromatographic analysis than the relative (adjusted) retention times. Peaks with small retention differences can be identified by RI, whereas the regions of the relative retention times are overlapping. With constant temperature it is possible to determine the adjusted retention times and the retention-indices from the difference of the retention times of any three compounds, whose RI is known. This principle is used in a GC/computersystem, which employs an IBM 1800 as a satellite of a computer centre. This identification is also successful when the temperature of the chromatograph is not controlled entirely satifactorily.
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Molecular genetics and genomics 63 (1933), S. 112-153 
    ISSN: 1617-4623
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular life sciences 14 (1958), S. 117-120 
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Die morphologische Beobachtung von getrennten cytoplasmatischen Phasen in geschlossenen Membranen führt zur Annahme von Membranpotentialen innerhalb der Zelle. Schreibt man den Membranen des endoplasmatischen Reticulums die Eigenschaften der Plasmamembran zu, so leiten sie die Erregung ins Zellinnere und dienen als Potentialspeicher.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Zoomorphology 6 (1926), S. 333-414 
    ISSN: 1432-234X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Naturwissenschaften 40 (1953), S. 43-44 
    ISSN: 1432-1904
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Naturwissenschaften 60 (1973), S. 437-438 
    ISSN: 1432-1904
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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