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  • Articles  (10)
  • Springer  (10)
  • 1995-1999  (10)
  • Biology  (10)
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  • Articles  (10)
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Comparison of clastogenic effects of inorganic selenium salts in mice in vivo as related to concentrations and duration of exposure (1999)
    Springer
    BioMetals 12 (1999), S. 361-368 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8773
    Keywords: selenium ; clastogenicity ; chromosomal aberrations
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Inorganic selenium compounds in the diet have been known to protect against cancer in laboratory animals, but were harmful in high concentrations. In the present work, the relative effects of two salts, sodium selenite and sodium selenate, administered to mice in vivo, in different concentrations and durations of exposure, were compared. Aqueous solutions of each salt (7, 14, 21 and 28 mg Kg−1 bw) were fed by gavaging to mice matched in age and sex. The animals were sacrificed at intervals of 6, 12, 18 and 24 h and chromosome preparations were made following the usual schedule of colchicine-hypotonic-fixative-airdrying-Giemsa staining. The endpoints screened were chromosomal aberrations (CA) and damaged cells (DC). Both salts affected chromosome structure and spindle formation, sodium selenite being more cytotoxic than sodium selenate. The frequencies of aberrations induced were directly proportional to the concentrations used and duration of exposure.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1009278510289
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Interaction of aldehydes with glyoxalase I and the status of several aldehyde metabolizing enzymes of Ehrlich ascites carcinoma cells (1996)
    Springer
    Molecular and cellular biochemistry 165 (1996), S. 9-16 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4919
    Keywords: methylglyoxal ; glyoxalase I ; aldehydes ; cancer
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The possible effect of several physiologically important aldehydes has been tested on partially purified glyoxalase I of Ehrlich ascites carcinoma (EAC) cells. The results indicate that D, and L-lactaldehyde are strong non-competitive inhibitors of glyoxalase I and the effect with the D-isomer is more pronounced, whereas both D,L-glyceraldehyde and acetaldehyde are moderately inhibitory and the nature of inhibition is strictly competitive. Moreover, D,L-glyceraldehyde strongly inhibits the utilization of methylglyoxal by intact EAC cells. A search for the presence of several aldehyde metabolizing enzymes in EAC cells indicates that non-specific aldehyde reductase, methylglyoxal reductase, aldehyde dehydrogenase and alcohol dehydrogenase are apparently absent in this rapidly growing, highly de-differentiated malignant cell.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00229740
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Similar nature of inhibition of mitochondrial respiration of heart tissue and malignant cells by methylglyoxal. A vital clue to understand the biochemical basis of malignancy (1997)
    Springer
    Molecular and cellular biochemistry 171 (1997), S. 95-103 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4919
    Keywords: methylglyoxal ; heart mitochondria ; complex I ; malignancy ; ATP
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The effect of methylglyoxal on the oxygen consumption of mitochondria of heart and of several other organs of normal animals of different species has been tested. The results indicate that methylglyoxal (3.5 mM) strongly inhibits ADP-stimulated α-oxoglutarate and malate plus pyruvate-dependent respiration of exclusively heart mitochondria of normal animals of different species. Whereas, with the same substrates, but at a higher concentration of methylglyoxal (7.5 mM), the respiration of mitochondria of other organs of normal animals is not inhibited. Methylglyoxal also inhibits the respiration of slices of rat and toad hearts. But this inhibition is less pronounced. However, methylglyoxal (15 mM) fails to have any effect on perfused toad heart. Using rat heart mitochondria as a model, the effect of methylglyoxal on the oxygen consumption was also tested with different respiratory substrates, electron donors at different segments of the mitochondrial respiratory chain and site-spe inhibitors to identify the specific respiratory complex which might be involved in the inhibitory effect of methylglyoxal. The results strongly suggest that methylglyoxal inhibits the electron flow through complex I of rat heart mitochondrial respiratory chain. Moreover, lactaldehyde (0.6 mM), a catabolite of methylglyoxal, can exert a protective effect on the inhibition of rat heart mitochondrial respiration by methylglyoxal (2.5 mM). The effect of methylglyoxal on heart mitochondria as described in the present paper is strikingly similar to the results of our previous work with mitochondria of Ehrlich ascites carcinoma cells and leukemic leukocytes. We have recently proposed a new hypothesis on cancer which suggests that excessive ATP formation in cells may lead to malignancy. The above mentioned similarity apparently provides a solid experimental foundation for the proposed hypothesis which has been discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1006879816510
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Lipid peroxidation of erythrocytes during anemia of the hamsters infected withLeishmania donovani (1995)
    Springer
    Molecular and cellular biochemistry 146 (1995), S. 99-105 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4919
    Keywords: antioxidant reserve ; membrane cholesterol/phospholipid ratio ; lipid peroxidation ; erythrocytes ; Leishmani donovani
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Visceral leishmaniasis has been found to be associated with severe anemia and premature lysis of erythrocytes. Peroxidative damage of red cells has been noted in several hemolytic anemias. Present study shows enhanced formation of methemoglobin in hamsters infected withLeishmania donovani. Increased formation of malonyldialdehyde and diene conjugate has been noted in the erythrocytes of the infected animals with the progress of anemia. Results showed decreased activities of protective enzymes like superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione reductase against peroxidative attack. An increase in the membrane cholesterol/phospholipid ratio and a decrease in membrane fluidity of erythrocytes were observed under the diseased condition. Densitometric scan after SDS-PAGE of red cell membrane of the infected animals revealed significant degradation of band 3 and band 4.1 proteins. The results suggest that alteration in the membrane may lead to reduced life span of the red cells in experimental visceral leishmaniasis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00944601
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mimosa pudica apyrase requires polysaccharide and Ca2+ for the activity (1998)
    Springer
    Molecular and cellular biochemistry 187 (1998), S. 47-55 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4919
    Keywords: Mimosa pudica ; apyrase ; arabinogalactan ; calcium ; circular dichroism
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Mimosa pudica Linn leaves with pulvini contain unique isoforms (I and II) of apyrase enzyme (EC 3.6.1.5). The activity of isoform I depends on divalent cation Mn2+. This isoform is associated noncovalently with the polysaccharide, containing mainly of galactose and arabinose sugars. The apparent molecular mass of these 2 isoforms are 36 and 34 Kd respectively. The association of the polysaccharide with the isoform I has been found to be Ca2+ dependent which is endogenously present in this isoform. Removal of Ca2+ and polysaccharide from the enzyme (isoform I) leads to an inactivation. The enzyme activity can be restored when both Ca2+ and endogenous polysaccharide fraction were added at an optimal molar ratio of Ca2+:protein of 7:1. The endogenous polysaccharide can be replaced by the standard arabinogalactan. No other sugar or polysaccharide except the arabinogalactan can restore the apyrase activity. Calcium mediates a conformational change in the protein which helps in association of polysaccharide as evidenced from fluorometric and far UV-CD studies to restore the enzymic activity. Neither any interaction of the polysaccharide with the protein is detected in absence of Ca2+ nor the enzyme activity could be recovered under such condition.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1006855627784
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Dexamethasone makes the gastric mucosa susceptible to ulceration by inhibiting prostaglandin synthetase and peroxidase - two important gastroprotective enzymes (1999)
    Springer
    Molecular and cellular biochemistry 202 (1999), S. 31-36 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4919
    Keywords: dexamethasone ; mercaptomethylimidazole ; gastric peroxidase ; prostaglandin synthetase ; gastroprotection
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The plausible mechanism by which dexamethasone makes the gastric mucosa susceptible to ulceration has been studied. As acid aggravates ulcer, the role of dexamethasone on acid secretion was first investigated. Dexamethasone stimulates both basal and drug (mercaptomethylimidazole)-induced gastric acid secretion by 100 and 50% respectively in male Wister rats 24 h after intramuscular administration at the dose of 1 mg/kg body wt. This stimulated acid secretion is 93% blocked by cimetidine indicating increased liberation of histamine in the process. Pretreatment of dexamethasone before 24 h produces ulcer in 30% of the pylorus- ligated rats and aggravates the ulcer index by 82% in both pylorus and esophagus ligated rats. The incidence of ulceration in the latter cases is also increased by 25%. As mucosal prostaglandin synthetase and peroxidase play an important role in gastroprotection through biosynthesis of prostaglandin and by scavenging endogenous H2O2 respectively, the effect of dexamethasone on the activities of these gastroprotective enzymes were studied. Prostaglandin synthetase and peroxidase activities of the mucosa are significantly inhibited by 87 and 83% respectively by 24-h pretreatment with dexamethasone. The results indicate that dexamethasone makes the mucosa prone to ulceration by inhibiting the activity of prostaglandin synthetase to block the gastroprotective action of prostaglandin and also by inhibiting the peroxidase, thereby elevating the endogenous H2O2 level to generate more reactive hydroxyl radical responsible for the mucosal damage.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1007018212822
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Shigella dysenteriae type 1 carrying LPS biosynthesis genes of Salmonella typhimurium affects both Invasive Plasmid AntigenH (IpaH) secretion and invasion (1999)
    Springer
    World journal of microbiology and biotechnology 15 (1999), S. 693-698 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0972
    Keywords: Invasion ; IpaABCD ; lipopolysaccharides ; Plasmid pPR1347 ; Sereny ; triparental cross
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Abstract A Shigella dysenteriae 1 strain isolated from an epidemic in West Bengal, India. The strain contained six plasmids including a large virulence plasmid. A plasmid, pPR1347 carrying both the rfb gene cluster and the rfc gene of Salmonella typhimurium has been transferred to this invasive Shigella dysenteriae 1 strain by triparental cross with a very low frequency. Only five stable (100%) clones were isolated after examining several thousand colonies. All five transconjugants were Sereny negative and were unable to invade the HeLa cells. Transconjugants exhibited strong cross reactivity with S. dysenteriae 1 antisera but they showed weak reaction with Salmonella typhimurium antisera. Plasmid profiles of the transconjugants were unaltered as compared with the wild type strain except for the presence of pPR 1347. The transconjugants regained their invasive property after elimination (curing) of pPR 1347. However, Shigella-infected convalescent phase serum was able to detect IpaABCD proteins from whole cell lysate and culture supernatant of transconjugants and cured (pPR 1347) transconjugants. A 60 kDa IpaH protein was not secreted into the culture supernatant by the transconjugants. Synthesis of lipopolysaccharides (LPS) of the hybrid strains was increased within the region of 43 to 67 kDa in comparison with the wild type S. dysenteriae 1 strains.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1008971915200
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Regulation of cell-wall morphology and growth encoded by plasmids in Shigella dysenteriae type 1 (1995)
    Springer
    World journal of microbiology and biotechnology 11 (1995), S. 280-283 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0972
    Keywords: Curing ; electron microscopy ; outer membrane ; plasmids ; SDS-PAGE ; Shigella dysenteriae
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Abstract Shigella dysenteriae type 1, isolated locally, was found to contain six plasmids and these could be eliminated using SDS. A 70-kb plasmid was necessary to maintain the normal cell-wall morphology. Synthesis of nine major membrane proteins (90 to 40 kDa) was severely impaired in all-plasmid cured strains. Electron microscopy revealed a prominent separation between the outer and inner membranes of the cured strains, indicating that plasmid loss led to defects in the cell envelope. The growth rates of the strains having only the 70-kb plasmid and the plasmidless strain were 3- to 30-fold less than in the wild type strain.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00367098
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  • 9
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    Interaction of aldehydes with glyoxalase I and the status of several aldehyde metabolizing enzymes of Ehrlich ascites carcinoma cells (1996)
    Springer
    Details
    Publication Date: 1996-12-01
    Print ISSN: 0300-8177
    Electronic ISSN: 1573-4919
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Published by Springer
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  • 10
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    Lipid peroxidation of erythrocytes during anemia of the hamsters infected withLeishmania donovani (1995)
    Springer
    Details
    Publication Date: 1995-01-01
    Print ISSN: 0300-8177
    Electronic ISSN: 1573-4919
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Published by Springer
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