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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Abnormal hemoglobins in the Silk Road region of China (1990)
    Springer
    Human genetics 〈Berlin〉 86 (1990), S. 231-235 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1203
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary A review is presented of the occurrence of 24 abnormal hemoglobins (13 α-chain variants and 11 β-chain variants) in populations in the Silk Road area of Northwestern China. Most frequently occurring were Hb D-Punjab [β21(GH4)Glu→Gln] in Uygurs, Kazaks, and Khalkhas, Hb G-Taipei [β22(B4)Glu→Gly] in persons of the Han nationality, and Hb G-Coushatta [β22 (B4)Glu→Ala] in the Uygurs, Kazaks, Hans, and related nationalities. The data suggest that these variants likely originated in Central Asia, in the Han nationality of China, and in the minorities of northern China, respectively. Other variants occurred at considerably lower frequencies and were imported from other countries or arose as independent mutations. Two variants [Hb Tashikuergan or α19(AB1)Ala→Glu; Hb Tianshui or β39(C5) Gln→Arg] were observed for the first time. The data from this study of the many variants support the movements of various populations in this area, as reported in numerous historical documents.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00197711
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Salt-Water Intrusion in the Lower Reaches of the Weihe River, Shandong Province, China (1997)
    Springer
    Hydrogeology journal 5 (1997), S. 82-88 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-0157
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé: Des méthodes statistiques, comme l'analyse de tendance, ont été utilisées pour décrire l'histoire, la situation actuelle et la régularité de l'extension de l'intrusion saline dans les biefs inférieurs du fleuve Weihe (Chine). La surexploitation des eaux souterraines douces est la cause principale de l'intrusion saline. Le pompage des eaux souterraines douces doit être contrôlé systématiquement afin d'éviter une intrusion d'eau salée.
    Abstract: Resumen: Métodos estadísticos matemáticos, como el análisis de tendencias, se emplearon para describir la historia, situación actual y evolución, así como la regularidad en el desarrollo de la intrusión marina en la parte baja del ríio Weihe, en China. La sobreexplotación de los recursos de agua subterráneas es la principal causa de esta intrusión. El bombeo de las aguas subterráneas dulces debe ser controlado sistemáticamente para prevenir una mayor intrusión en un futuro.
    Notes: Abstract: Mathematical statistical methods, such as trend-surface analysis, were employed to help describe the history, current situation, and regularity of the development of salt-water intrusion in the lower reaches of the Weihe River, China. Over-exploitation of fresh groundwater resources is the principal cause of salt-water intrusion. Pumping of fresh groundwater resources should be controlled systematically to prevent further salt-water intrusion.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s100400050122
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Determination of lead traces in water and liqueurs by derivative atom trapping flame atomic absorption spectrometry (1997)
    Springer
    Fresenius' journal of analytical chemistry 358 (1997), S. 646-651 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1130
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract  A new method for the direct determination of lead traces using derivative atom trapping flame atomic absorption spectrometry (DAT-FAAS) with an improved water-cooled stainless steel trapping equipment in an air-acetylene flame was investigated. The optimum conditions concerning the sensitivity were studied. For a 1 min collection, the characteristic concentration (given as derivative absorbance of 0.0044) and the detection limit (3s) were 1.4 ng/mL and 0.27 ng/mL, respectively. This is 361 and 74-fold better than those of the conventional flame atomic absorption spectrometry (FAAS) and comparable to those of graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry (GFAAS). The detection limit and sensitivity of DAT-FAAS for a 3 min collection time were 2 and 3 orders of magnitude higher than those of conventional FAAS. The present method was applied to the determination of lead in water and liqueur samples with a recovery range of 94–108% and a relative standard deviation of 3.5–5.6%.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002160050484
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Determination of trace inorganic selenium in organoselenium (selenosugar) oral nutrition liquids by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry with hydride generation (1997)
    Springer
    Fresenius' journal of analytical chemistry 359 (1997), S. 492-496 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1130
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract  A method has been proposed for the determination of trace levels of inorganic selenium in organoselenium (selenosugar) oral nutrition liquids using hydride generation-graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry (HG-GFAAS), taking advantage of the fact that this organic selenium compound did not generate volatile hydride upon reduction. K2S2O8 was selected for the decomposition of the compound in a boiling water bath. Selenium was found to give a sharp analytical signal upon reduction with NaBH4 in 1.0 mol L-1HCl medium. The characteristic mass giving an integrated absorbance of 0.0044 s was 21 pg. An absolute detection limit (3s) of 36 pg was obtained. The recovery was in the range of 94.2–102.1%. Less than parts per million levels of inorganic Se in the presence of organic selenium can be determined.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002160050619
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    In-situ concentration and determination of mercury by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry with Pd-Rh as the chemical modifier (1999)
    Springer
    Fresenius' journal of analytical chemistry 363 (1999), S. 359-363 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1130
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract A method has been proposed for the determination of mercury by cold vapor generation graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry (CV-GFAAS) with Pd-Rh as coating and chemical modifier. The trapping efficiency for mercury with Pd-Rh was higher than with Pd alone. The characteristic mass of the method, which gives an integrated absorbance of 0.0044 s, was found to be 55 pg and the absolute detection limit (3 σ) of 37 pg was obtained with the proposed modifier. The method was successfully applied to the determination of mercury in standard reference water samples, wastewater samples and cosmetics with a recovery range of 95–104%.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002160051203
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A Novel Podophyllotoxin-Derived Compound GL331 Is More Potent than Its Congener VP-16 in Killing Refractory Cancer Cells (1999)
    Springer
    Pharmaceutical research 16 (1999), S. 997-1002 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-904X
    Keywords: GL331 ; VP-16 ; apoptosis ; cytotoxicity
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Purpose. GL331 is a new homolog of VP-16, and has demonstrated more efficacious anti-cancer activity in both the in vitro and in vivo lymphoma systems. To extensively explore GL331's clinical value, we furthermore evaluate the cytotoxicity and apoptosis-inducing activity of GL331 in several human cell lines from cancers that are not normally treated with VP-16. Methods. By MTT and clonogenic survival assays, the cytotoxicities of GL331 and VP-16 were evaluated in a variety of cell lines including nasopharyngeal, hepatocellular, gastric, colon, cervical, and neuro-blastoma cancer types. Western blot analysis was performed to detect the MDR-1 level in these cell lines. By Annexin V-staining flow cytometry and detection of DNA ladders, the apoptosis-inducing activities of GL331 and VP-16 were also evaluated. Results. GL331 showed more efficacy than its congener VP-16 in killing cancer cells. The estimated ID50 of GL331 were 2.5 to 17-fold lower than those of VP-16. GL331 possessed more cell-killing activity even in MDR-1-overexpressing cell lines such as HCC36 and SW620. Its higher cytotoxicity could be attributed by the elevated ability to induce apoptotic cell death. Conclusions. GL331's overriding drug resistance and higher cancer cell-killing activity suggest its superiority in clinical cancer therapy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1018971313256
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Infection of the Eastern Subterranean Termite,Reticulitermes flavipes (Kollar) with the fungusBeauveria bassiana (Balsamo) Vuill. (1971)
    Springer
    BioControl 16 (1971), S. 343-352 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-8248
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé Des observations ont été effectuées sur l’histopathologie du termite souterrain des régions orientales,Reticulitermes flavipes (Kollar) infecté par le champignonBeauveria bassiana (Balsamo) Vuill. Les symptômes initiaux des termites infectés sont l’inertie, l’excrétion anale, la passivité et l’absence de réponse aux stimuli tactiles. Les ouvriers infectés du 5e stade passent de la couleur crème normale au brun clair. La pénétration du tégument par les tubes germinatifs deB. bassiana commence dès 16 heures après l’inoculation. L’infection par le tube digestif est également obtenue. Après la pénétration à travers le tégument, le champignon attaque le corps adipeux, puis le tissu nerveux et finalement la musculature.
    Notes: Abstract Observations were made on the histopathology of the eastern subterranean termite,Reticulitermes flavipes (Kollar) infected with the fungusBeauveria bassiana (Balsamo) Vuill. Initial symptoms of infected termites were sluggishness, anal discharge, passivity, and failure to respond to tactile stimuli. Infected fifth instar worker termites changed from a healthy creamy color to a light brown. Penetration of the integument by germ tubes ofB. bassiana occurred as early as 16 hours after inoculation. Infection through the digestive tract also resulted. Following penetration of the integument the fungus attacked the fat body, then the nervous tissue and finally the musculature.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02371109
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Isolation and Characterization of Microsatellite Loci for Striped Bass (Morone saxatilis) (2000)
    Springer
    Marine biotechnology 2 (2000), S. 405-408 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-2236
    Keywords: Key words: Striped bass, Morone saxatilis, polymorphism, microsatellites.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Abstract: Genetic variation has been difficult to detect in striped bass (Morone saxatilis). Therefore, we identified and characterized 13 microsatellite loci to provide additional genetic markers for striped bass. Microsatellites were identified by screening a striped bass genomic library or by using primers developed for European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) microsatellite loci. We found that 6 of the 13 microsatellite loci were polymorphic in DNA samples obtained from wild populations of striped bass. The number of alleles per locus varied from 3 to 12, and the observed heterozygosities ranged from 0.55 to 0.78. These results indicate that microsatellite loci provide more alleles and higher heterozygosities than other genetic markers developed for striped bass.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s101260000014
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Spectrophotometric Determination of Hydrogen Peroxide and Glucose Based on Hemin Peroxidase-Like Catalyzed Oxidation of Bromopyrogallol Red (1999)
    Springer
    Microchimica acta 131 (1999), S. 171-176 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-5073
    Keywords: Keywords. hydrogen peroxide; hemin; bromopyrogallol red; mimetic enzyme; glucose; spectrophotometry.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract  In an ammonium buffer medium at pH 8.9–9.5, hemin exhibits mimetic peroxidase activity, and has a catalytic effect on the oxidative decoloration of bromopyrogallol red (BPR) with hydrogen peroxide. On this basis and in presence of ethanol as an effect-enhancing agent, a spectrophotometric determination of hydrogen peroxide is described with an apparent molar absorptivity of 4.00×104 l mol−1 cm−1 and a linear range from 3.2×10−7 to 3.2×10−5 mol l−1. BPR has advantages over some of widely used chromogenic substrates in aspects of sensitivity, simplicity and detection wavelength, while hemin has better stability than peroxidase. The system can be easily coupled with a glucose oxidase-catalyzed reaction, and glucose in the concentration range of 6.0×10−7− 3.2×10−5 mol l−1 is spectrophotometrically determined. The method has been applied to the analyses of synthetic water and human serum samples. The Michaelis parameters and the mechanism of the mimetic peroxidase reaction are also investigated.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s006040050023
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    An on-line adaptive neural network for speech recognition (1998)
    Springer
    International journal of speech technology 2 (1998), S. 241-248 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8110
    Keywords: speech recognition ; dynamic recognition neural network (DRNN) ; adaptive neural networks ; accumulative learning ; hidden Markov model
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Linguistics and Literary Studies , Computer Science
    Notes: Abstract In this paper, we present an on-line learning neural network model, Dynamic Recognition Neural Network (DRNN), for real-time speech recognition. The property of accumulative learning of the DRNN makes it very suitable for real-time speech recognition with on-line learning. A comparison between the DRNN and Hidden Markov Model (HMM) shows that the computational complexity of the former is lower than that of the latter in both training and recognition. Encouraging results are obtained when the DRNN is tested on a BUPT digit database (Mandarin) and on the on-line learning of twenty isolated English computer command words.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02111211
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