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  • 1
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    Measurement of J/Ψ production in pp collisions at $sqrt{s}=7$ TeV (2011)
    Springer
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-05-01
    Print ISSN: 1434-6044
    Electronic ISSN: 1434-6052
    Topics: Physics
    Published by Springer
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    PAPER CURRENT
  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hydrodynamic and chemical conditions during onset of a red-tide assemblage in an estuarine upwelling ecosystem (1998)
    Springer
    Marine biology 130 (1998), S. 509-519 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1793
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The hydrodynamics and nitrogen/silicon biogeochemistry accompanying the development of a red-tide assemblage were examined in the Ría de Vigo (northwest Spain), a coastal embayment affected by upwelling, during an in situ diel experiment in September 1991. Despite a low N:Si molar ratio (0.5) of nutrients entering the surface layer, which was favourable for diatom growth, the diatom population began to decline. Limited N-nutrient input, arising from moderate coastal upwelling in a stratified water column, restricted net community production (NCP = 630 mg C m−2 d−1). In addition, light-limitation of gross primary production (GPP = 1525 mg C m−2 d−1) was observed. The relatively high f-ratio (= NCP:GPP) recorded (0.41, characteristic of intense upwelling conditions) would have been as low as 0.15 had not GPP been limited by light intensity. Temporal separation of carbohydrate synthesis during the photoperiod from protein synthesis in the dark could be inferred from the time-course of the C:N ratio of particulate organic matter. Severe light-limitation would lead to diatom collapse were the diatoms not able to meet all their energy requirements during the hours of darkness. Under the hydrodynamic, nutrient and light conditions of the experiment, an assemblage of red-tide-forming species began to develop, aided by their ability to migrate vertically and to synthesize carbohydrates during the light in surface waters and protein during the dark at the 4 m-deep pycnocline. Thermal stratification, reduced turbulence, intense nutrient mineralization, and the limited nitrogen input through moderate upwelling were all favourable to the onset of a red-tide assemblage.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002270050271
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    From epistemology toGnoseology: Foundations of the knowledge industry (1992)
    Springer
    AI & society 6 (1992), S. 140-165 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-5655
    Keywords: Knowledge industry ; Inference ; Abduction ; Commonsense knowledge ; Circumscription ; Mindfacturing
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Abstract In this paper, the foundations for setting up a knowledge industry are laid. Firstly, it is established that this industry constitutes the only way of making use of the huge amounts of knowledge produced as a result of the introduction of the Science-Technology binomial in postindustrial society. Then, the elements which will lead to such an industry are defined, that is, the resources and means. Under the ‘Means’ section, special emphasis is placed on the processes involved, in other words, inference methods and commonsense reasoning. Finally, it is concluded that the establishment of this industry, calledmindfacturing because of the raw material that it processes and uses, is, more than possible, desirable, provided that the precautions outlined in the epilogue are taken.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02472778
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    HighT c superconductive materials: Bulk or twinned domain/grain boundary percolative network superconductors? (1988)
    Springer
    The European physical journal 70 (1988), S. 9-13 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-6036
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract We have studied the physical properties of Y−Ba−Cu−Oxide superconducting materials by using Levitation, AC-susceptibility, macroscopic conductivity, Scanning Tunneling Microscopy (STM) local conductivity, Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), X-rays, and Hall effect experimental techniques. Our results tend to indicate systematically that the grains formed in the synthesis do not show bulk superconductivity but rather are superconductors at the domain boundaries of the orthorhombic phase. It seems that a coexistence of semiconductor and metallic regions are formed at the twinned domain boundaries. The pellets become superconductors when the grains form clusters and are in intimate contact. This seems to suggest that the bulk of the grains is semiconducting and that a conducting percolative network of grain and domain boundaries may be responsible for the superconductivity. To understand the observed constant high transition temperature we propose a model of semiconductor-metal-semiconductor boundaries that give rise to superconductivity in a model like that of Little, Ginzburg, and Allender-Bray-Bardeen (1).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01320531
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Influence of the gametogenic cycle on the biochemical composition of the ovary of the great scallop (1996)
    Springer
    Aquaculture international 4 (1996), S. 201-213 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-143X
    Keywords: Biochemical composition ; Gametogenesis ; Great scallop (Pecten maximus) ; Lipids
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: The oogenic cycle and biochemical composition of the ovary of raft-cultured great scallop (Pecten maximus) were studied during the period April 1990–July 1991. The ovary condition index (FGI) and stereological studies showed the existence of two principal spawning periods, winter and late spring-early summer. No sexual resting period was found. Oocyte lysis was high throughout the year. Ovarian lipid levels displayed a clear seasonal pattern linked to the gametogenic cycle. Total lipid (TL, 16–21% dry weight), acylglycerol (AG, 20–65% TL) and free sterol (FS, 2.8–6.4% TL) levels were, generally, higher in the ripe ovary and a decrease coincided with spawning. Protein (59–63% dry weight), glycogen (〈3% dry weight) and phospholipid (PL, 26–35% TL) levels showed no clear seasonal trend. The TL and AG were a good index of ovarian sexual maturity. The TL % of dry weight) correlated well with the female gonad condition index (r s = 0.779, p 〈 0.001), and AG (% f TL) correlated well with the mean oocyte diameter (r s = 0.630, p 〈 0.01) and the female gonad condition index (r s = 0.443, p 〈 0.05).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00117382
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Kinetics and Mechanism of St I Modification by Peroxyl Radicals (1999)
    Springer
    The protein journal 18 (1999), S. 297-306 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4943
    Keywords: Toxin ; Sticholysin ; peroxyl radicals ; hemolytic activity
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract St I is a toxin present in the Caribbean Sea anemone Stichodactyla helianthus which is highly hemolytic in the nanomolar concentration range. Exposure of the toxin to free radicals produced in the pyrolysis of 2,2′-azobis(2-amidinopropane) hydrochloride leads to a progressive loss of hemolytic activity. This loss of hemolytic activity is accompanied by extensive modification of tryptophan residues. On the average, three tryptophan residues are modified by each inactivated toxin. The loss of hemolytic activity of St I takes place without significant changes in the protein structure, as evidenced by the similarity of the fluorescence and CD spectra of native and modified proteins. Also, the native and modified ensembles present a similar resistance to their denaturation by guanidinium chloride. The hemolytic behavior and the performance of the toxin at the single-channel level when incorporated to black lipid membranes suggest that the modified ensemble can be considered as composed of inactive toxins and active toxins whose behavior is similar to that of the native proteins. These results, together with the lack of induction time in the activity loss, suggest that the fall of hemolytic activity takes place by an all-or-nothing inactivation mechanism in which the molecules become inactive when a critical amino acid residue is modified.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1021087312176
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Flow control and bandwidth management in next generation Internets (1999)
    Springer
    Telecommunication systems 11 (1999), S. 395-412 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9451
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Abstract The Internet has traditionally relied on end-to-end congestion control performed at the transport layer, where sources reduce their offered traffic only after congestion sets in. By then, network resources have been wasted and effective throughput compromised. In next generation Internets, the delay-bandwidth product is large and bandwidth is a precious resourse. Hence, in this paper we present a link layer flow control for Internet backbones over ATM using the ABR service and flow control. We describe a backpressure mechanism that reduces packet losses and promotes effective utilization of allocated and unused resources along backbone links. We then show how to perform dynamic renegotiation of allocated backbone resources based on our flow control approach and on class based queueing.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1019174024082
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    On the stomata ofSalvinia herzogii (Salviniaceae, Pteridophyta) (1991)
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 176 (1991), S. I 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00937949
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Wheat β-amylase behaviour regarding salt promoted adsorption processes (1998)
    Springer
    Chromatographia 48 (1998), S. 209-214 
    Details
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Column liquid chromatography ; Covalent chromatography ; Thiophilic and hydrophobic ligands ; Wheat β-amylase ; Salt promoted adsorption
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary The behaviour of wheat β-amylase from crude extracts in chromatography on agarose gels substituted with different ligand types was investigated. The enzyme displayed high salt promoted adsorption onto thiophilic gels provided with sulfone-thioether and 2-thiopyridine ligands. Quantitative recovery of the enzyme was easily accomplished by elution with buffer in the absence of Na2SO4. The 3-(2-pyridylthio)-2-hydroxypropylagarose (PyS-gel) also allowed elimination of pigments present in the wheat extract. These pigments showed no adsorption onto the gel, thus regeneration is easily achieved, allowing its re-use. The enzyme also displayed strong salt-dependent adsorption onto adsorbents provided with pyridyldisulfide moieties, but in this case enzyme binding was due to its thiol content since elution was achieved mainly through reduction with DTT. When the enzyme was chromatographed on a series of hydrophobic alkyl ligands in the presence of 0.5 M sodium sulphate, it was partially adsorbed on pentylagarose and quantitatively adsorbed on hexyl-agarose, elution being easily performed by sodium sulphate-free buffer. This behaviour was markedly different from that towards phenyl-Sepharose, to which the enzyme was strongly adsorbed and which required much more drastic elution conditions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02467673
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Salt promoted adsorption chromatography of malted barley amylases (1994)
    Springer
    Chromatographia 38 (1994), S. 232-234 
    Details
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Column liquid chromatography ; Thiophilic interaction chromatography ; Hydrophobic interaction chromatography ; Salt-promoted adsorption ; Malted barley amylases
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary A sequence for the fractionation of the amylasic components from a malted barley extract is proposed using two salt-promoted, adsorption processes: thiophilic interaction chromatography (TIC) and hydrophobic interaction chromatography (HIC). Two fractions containing α-amylase activity were recovered during the thiophilic chromatography; the first was resolved in to α-amylase I and β-amylase I by HIC on a phenyl-sepharose column; an enrichment factor of 32 was achieved for α-amylase I. The other amylasic component eluted from the thiophilic gel was characterized as α-amylase II. Although the adsorption of malt amylases on phenylsepharose and the thiophilic adsorbent is salt promoted, the interactions involved in each case are clearly distinguished by the different behaviour and disparate salt effects.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02290342
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