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1

Digitale Medien

Model of populations colonizing a new habitat (1999)

Mróz, I. ; Pękalski, A.

Springer

The European physical journal 10 (1999), S. 181-186

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ISSN: 1434-6036

Schlagwort(e): PACS. 87.10.+e General biophysics - 02.70.Lq Monte-Carlo and statistical methods - 07.05.Tp Computer modeling and simulation

Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Thema: Physik

Notizen: Abstract: We propose a model suitable for investigating the conditions under which a population, adapted to a given environment, may colonize a new neighbouring, spatially separated, habitat. We find out how similar the two regions must be for such a colonization to succeed and what will be the spatial distribution of genetic pools of the two populations after the process. It is found that between the two populations each adapted to the different region, a hybrid zone, characterized by increased heterozygosity, may be formed. The dependence of the shape of the hybrid zone on the external (environmental) parameters is determined. When the differences between the two regions are significant, the populations are separated by a depopulated zone. We show that the conditions in the colonized habitat influence the genetic pool of the population living in the first region. Computer simulations based on the standard Monte Carlo technique are used.

Materialart: Digitale Medien

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s100510050842

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2

Digitale Medien

Phase diagrams for a model of a lipid monolayer (1988)

Pekalski, A.

Springer

European biophysics journal 16 (1988), S. 39-44

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ISSN: 1432-1017

Schlagwort(e): Lipid monolayers ; phase transitions ; Ising model

Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Thema: Biologie , Physik

Notizen: Abstract A microscopic model of a lipid monolayer is proposed. It includes, within a single scheme, the following factors which are considered to be essential in phase transitions in lipid systems: formation of gauche rotamers, interactions between polar heads, interactions between hydrocarbon chains (depending on their conformation) and changes in the energy of the system due to a directional ordering of the chains. Phase diagrams are constructed and discussed and it is shown how the phase diagrams are modified by alterations of these parameters and the length of the hydrocarbon chains.

Materialart: Digitale Medien

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00255324

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3

Digitale Medien

Model of evolution with sexual and non-sexual reproduction (2000)

Pekalski, A.

Springer

The European physical journal 13 (2000), S. 791-796

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ISSN: 1434-6036

Schlagwort(e): PACS. 05.10.Ln Monte Carlo methods - 87.23.Cc Population dynamics and ecological pattern formation - 87.23.Kg Dynamics of evolution

Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Thema: Physik

Notizen: Abstract: Using a previously introduced model (Refs. [9, 10]) of biological evolution, we study the role of the reproduction pattern on the fate of an evolving population. Each individual is under the selectional pressure from the environment and random harmful mutations. The habitat (“climate") is changing periodically. Evolution of populations following three reproduction patterns are compared - an asexual one (without recombination) and two with recombination - asexual (meiotic parthenogenesis) and sexual. We show, via Monte-Carlo simulations, that sexual reproduction leads to a better adaptation to the environment, slightly better survival rates for the individuals and higher probability that the population will not become extinct in difficult external conditions. The benefits of sexual reproduction are enhanced by higher birth rates and lower mutation rates. In the case of low birth rates and high mutation rates there is a small preference for the meiotic parthenogenesis.

Materialart: Digitale Medien

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s100510050099

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4

Digitale Medien

Effect of eugenics on the evolution of populations (2000)

Pękalski, A.

Springer

The European physical journal 17 (2000), S. 329-332

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ISSN: 1434-6036

Schlagwort(e): PACS. 87.10.+e General theory and mathematical aspects - 02.70.Lq Monte Carlo and statistical methods

Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Thema: Physik

Notizen: Abstract: We discuss a model of population dynamics under selection pressure from a changing environment. The population, subject to mutations, is composed of diploidal organisms reproducing quasi-sexually (two parents, recombination but no sexes) and with overlapping generations. Two cases are considered - in one we do not influence the dynamics of the population, while in the other we perform eugenics, i.e. we eliminate all individuals which have phenotypes not conforming to the optimal one at the place where the change has been made. We show that eugenics reduces greatly genetic diversity of the population, increases the percentage of homozygotes and therefore leads to a population badly prepared to cope with the next changes of the environment. The present paper is an extension of our previous work (Ref. [9]).

Materialart: Digitale Medien

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s100510070148

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5

Digitale Medien

Monte-Carlo analysis of tracer diffusion mechanisms in (1999)

Skwarek, K. ; Pekalski, A. ; Ausloos, M.

Springer

The European physical journal 11 (1999), S. 369-375

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ISSN: 1434-6036

Schlagwort(e): PACS. 02.70.Lq Monte-Carlo and statistical methods - 66.10.Cb Diffusion and thermal diffusion - 74.72.Bk Y-based cuprates

Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Thema: Physik

Notizen: Abstract: A method for estimating, via the Monte-Carlo simulation, the most often realized diffusion mechanisms in 2D ordered structures is presented. Taking as an example the diffusion of oxygen ions in high temperature superconductor we propose several diffusion mechanisms and show to what extent they depend on the temperature and concentration of the diffusing particles. Our results are compared with the ones proposed earlier on the basis of energy arguments. We find also additional trajectories, different from those earlier reported in that system.

Materialart: Digitale Medien

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s100510050947

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6

Digitale Medien

Model of population evolution with and without eugenics (1999)

Cebrat, S. ; Pekalski, A.

Springer

The European physical journal 11 (1999), S. 687-690

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ISSN: 1434-6036

Schlagwort(e): PACS. 87.10.+e General theory and mathematical aspects - 02.70.Lq Monte-Carlo and statistical methods

Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Thema: Physik

Notizen: Abstract: We propose, and solve via Monte-Carlo simulation, a model describing evolution of population subject to harmful mutations. The habitat changes periodically. The evolution of two, initially identical, populations is compared. One without any external ingerence and the second in which we eliminate all individuals which are ill-fitted to the changed environment (eugenics). We show that although in the short run the individuals in the latter are better adapted and live longer, after some more changes of the environment, the populations with eugenics become extinct, while the others live on.

Materialart: Digitale Medien

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s100510051197

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7

Unbekannt

Phase diagrams for a model of a lipid monolayer (1988)

Pekalski, A.

Springer

In: European Biophysics Journal. 1988; 16(1): Published 1988 May 01. doi: 10.1007/bf00255324.

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Publikationsdatum: 1988-05-01

Print ISSN: 0175-7571

Digitale ISSN: 1432-1017

Thema: Biologie , Physik

Publiziert von Springer

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Near-complete elimination of mutant mtDNA by iterative or dynamic dose-controlled treatment with mtZFNs (2016)

Gammage, P. A., Gaude, E., Van Haute, L., Rebelo-Guiomar, P., Jackson, C. B., Rorbach, J., Pekalski, M. L., Robinson, A. J., Charpentier, M., Concordet, J.-P., Frezza, C., Minczuk, M.

Oxford University Press

In: Nucleic Acids Research

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Publikationsdatum: 2016-09-20

Beschreibung: Mitochondrial diseases are frequently associated with mutations in mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA). In most cases, mutant and wild-type mtDNAs coexist, resulting in heteroplasmy. The selective elimination of mutant mtDNA, and consequent enrichment of wild-type mtDNA, can rescue pathological phenotypes in heteroplasmic cells. Use of the mitochondrially targeted zinc finger-nuclease (mtZFN) results in degradation of mutant mtDNA through site-specific DNA cleavage. Here, we describe a substantial enhancement of our previous mtZFN-based approaches to targeting mtDNA, allowing near-complete directional shifts of mtDNA heteroplasmy, either by iterative treatment or through finely controlled expression of mtZFN, which limits off-target catalysis and undesired mtDNA copy number depletion. To demonstrate the utility of this improved approach, we generated an isogenic distribution of heteroplasmic cells with variable mtDNA mutant level from the same parental source without clonal selection. Analysis of these populations demonstrated an altered metabolic signature in cells harbouring decreased levels of mutant m.8993T〉G mtDNA, associated with neuropathy, ataxia, and retinitis pigmentosa (NARP). We conclude that mtZFN-based approaches offer means for mtDNA heteroplasmy manipulation in basic research, and may provide a strategy for therapeutic intervention in selected mitochondrial diseases.

Print ISSN: 0305-1048

Digitale ISSN: 1362-4962

Thema: Biologie