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  • Springer  (165)
  • Oxford University Press  (54)
  • 2000-2004  (216)
  • 1920-1924
  • 1890-1899
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  • 1
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    Drying dissipative structures of Chinese black ink on a cover glass and in a dish (2004)
    Springer
    Details
    Publication Date: 2004-04-01
    Print ISSN: 0372-820X
    Electronic ISSN: 1435-1536
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Published by Springer
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  • 2
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    Dissipative structures formed in the course of drying the colloidal crystals of monodispersed polystyrene spheres on a cover glass (2002)
    Springer
    Details
    Publication Date: 2002-11-01
    Print ISSN: 0372-820X
    Electronic ISSN: 1435-1536
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Published by Springer
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Interactive mesh dragging with an adaptive remeshing technique (2000)
    Springer
    The visual computer 16 (2000), S. 159-176 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2315
    Keywords: Key words: Mesh editing – Remeshing – Free-form modelling – Geometric modeling
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Computer Science
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s003710050205
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mosaic horizontal distributions of three species of copepods in the subarctic Pacific during spring (2000)
    Springer
    Marine biology 137 (2000), S. 683-689 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1793
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract  Continuous abundance estimates (510 m resolution) of the copepods Neocalanus cristatus, N. flemingeri and Metridia pacifica were obtained with an electronic particle counter along cruise tracks in the subarctic western North Pacific in spring. For all three species, the number of patches decreased exponentially with increasing patch size. Most patches (63 to 83%) were dominated by one species, and patches of the same species more closely spaced than patches of different species. The patches of M. pacifica tended to coexist with those of N. cristatus. In contrast, patches of N. flemingeri rarely co-occurred with those of other copepods. These patterns were more clearly observed in fine-scale observations with sampling intervals of 〈31 m. Coherence analysis of copepod species pairs showed no characteristic scale at 2 to 50 km wave lengths. At shorter wave lengths (〈2 km), frequent positive correlations were observed between N. cristatus and M. pacifica. Thus, the distribution of copepods appears to be a mosaic assemblage of patches of each copepod species. These results suggest that copepods have a mechanism to form species-specific aggregations, and the aggregation and segregation processes are maintained at a scale of 〈2 km.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002270000338
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Importance of GAD65 peptides and I-Ag7 in the development of insulitis in nonobese diabetic mice (2000)
    Springer
    Immunogenetics 51 (2000), S. 538-545 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1211
    Keywords: Key words NOD mouse ; GAD65 ; I-Ag7 ; Peptide ; Vaccine
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) develops in nonobese diabetic (NOD) mice through the destruction of the B cells in pancreatic Langerhans islets by islet autoantigen-specific T cells. The islet autoantigen glutamic acid decarboxylase 65 (GAD65) is thought to be a major target autoantigen in IDDM. In the present report, we established GAD65-specific T-cell clones using overlapping peptides that cover the amino acid sequences of mouse GAD65. T-cell epitopes of GAD65 were characterized by proliferation and binding assays using various analogue peptides and wild-type or mutant I-Ag7 transfectants. The efficacy of the peptide vaccine in IDDM was determined by administering T-cell epitope peptides to NOD mice and evaluating the histopathology of their insulitis. We obtained two types of T-cell clone, one specific for peptide p316–335 and another specific for p531–545 of GAD65. The p531–545 site has already been identified, but we report the p316–335 site for the first time. T-cell clones recognized those peptides in the wild-type I-Ag7 but not in the mutant I-Ag7 in which the serine at position 57 of the β-chain was replaced by an aspartic acid. Both the p316–335 and p531–545 peptides bound weakly to I-Ag7. Some peptides with amino acid substitutions had antagonistic activity, and administration of a large amount of wild-type peptide reduced the severity of insulitis in NOD mice. Our results suggest that peptide vaccine therapy may be useful in autoimmune diseases, including IDDM.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002510000173
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ancient Origin of the Null Allele se 428 of the Human ABO-Secretor Locus (FUT2) (2000)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular evolution 50 (2000), S. 243-248 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1432
    Keywords: Key words:FUT2 gene — Secretor gene —α(1,2)Fucosyltransferase — Old polymorphism — Balancing selection — Neutrality test
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract. In human populations, a null allele having several nucleotide differences from the wild-type allele is segregating at the FUT2 locus (the ABO-Secretor locus) encoding α(1,2)fucosyltransferase. To estimate the age of the most recent common ancestor (MRCA) of these two alleles, we sequenced FUT2 homologues from chimpanzee, gorilla, orangutan, and green monkey. Since we did not detect acceleration or any heterogeneity in the substitution rate at this locus among these species, the age of the MRCA was estimated to be around 3 MYA, assuming the divergence time of human and chimpanzee to be 5 MYA. We developed a simple test to examine whether or not the old age of the MRCA of the FUT2 is consistent with that expected for two divergent neutral alleles sampled from a random mating population. An application of the test to the data at FUT2 indicated that the age of the MRCA is too old to be explained by the simple neutral assumptions, although our test depends on accurate estimation of the divergence time of human and chimpanzee in units of twice the human population size. Various possibilities including balancing selection are discussed to explain this old age of the MRCA.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002399910028
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Short-Term Effect of Vitamin K Administration on Prednisolone-Induced Loss of Bone Mineral Density in Patients with Chronic Glomerulonephritis (2000)
    Springer
    Calcified tissue international 66 (2000), S. 123-128 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0827
    Keywords: Key words: Glucocorticoids — Osteoporosis — Prednisolone — Vitamin K.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Physics
    Notes: Abstract. Glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis has been reported to be caused by enhanced bone resorption and suppressed bone formation. To clarify whether administration of vitamin K, which enhances bone formation, prevents prednisolone-induced loss of bone mineral density (BMD), a randomized, prospective, controlled study was conducted on 20 patients with chronic glomerulonephritis scheduled for treatment with prednisolone. All patients were initially treated with 0.8 mg/kg body weight/day of prednisolone (maximum of 40 mg) for 4 weeks, tapering to 20 mg/day over approximately 6 weeks. Ten patients received prednisolone alone (Group 1), and the other 10 patients received prednisolone plus 15 mg of menatetrenone, vitamin K, three times per day (Group 2). BMD of the lumbar spine measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) and biochemical markers of bone metabolism in blood and urine were evaluated before and 10 weeks after administration of prednisolone alone or with menatetrenone. In Group 1, treatment with prednisolone significantly reduced BMD of the lumbar spine from 1.14 ± 0.12 to 1.10 ± 0.11 g/cm2 (P= 0.0029). Serum intact osteocalcin and procollagen type I C-peptide (PICP) concentrations, biochemical markers of bone formation, were markedly reduced. A biochemical marker of bone resorption, urinary excretion of deoxypyridinoline, was significantly reduced. In Group 2, prednisolone-induced reduction of BMD was prevented by menatetrenone administration (1.09 ± 0.09 to 1.07 ± 0.07 g/cm2, P= 0.153). Menatetrenone prevented reduction of PICP concentration by prednisolone but not in serum intact osteocalcin concentration and urinary excretion of deoxypyridinoline. Thus, treatment with prednisolone resulted in loss of BMD of the lumbar spine associated with suppression of both bone formation and bone resorption. Menatetrenone is a useful agent in preventing prednisolone-induced loss of BMD.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/PL00005832
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Purification and characterization of isoamyl acetate-hydrolyzing esterase encoded by the IAH1 gene of Saccharomyces cerevisiae from a recombinant Escherichia coli (2000)
    Springer
    Applied microbiology and biotechnology 53 (2000), S. 596-600 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0614
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Abstract The IAH1 gene of Saccharomyces cerevisiae encodes an esterase that preferentially acts on isoamyl acetate; however, the enzyme has not yet been completely purified from the yeast S. cerevisiae. We constructed the IAH1 gene expression system in Escherichia coli, and purified the IAH1 gene product (Iah1p). The amount of Iah1p produced by recombinant E. coli was more than 40% of total cellular proteins. The molecular size of Iah1p was 28 kDa by SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Judging from the molecular weight estimation by gel filtration of purified Iah1p, the enzyme was thought to be a homodimer. The K m values for isoamyl acetate and isobutyl acetate were 40.3 mM and 15.3 mM, respectively. The enzyme activity was inhibited by Hg2+, p-chloromercuribenzoate, and diisopropylfluorophosphate.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002530051662
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Lack of differences in diclofenac (a substrate for CYP2C9) pharmacokinetics in healthy volunteers with respect to the single CYP2C9 * 3 allele (2000)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 56 (2000), S. 65-68 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: Key words CYP2C9 ; Genetic polymorphism ; Diclofenac
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Objectives: Evidence exists to suggest that diclofenac is metabolised by CYP2C9. The present study was undertaken in order to evaluate the effect of the single CYP2C9*3 variant on drug metabolism using diclofenac as a probe drug. Methods: A single dose of diclofenac was administered orally to 12 healthy subjects in whom the genotype of CYP2C9 had been determined previously. The disposition kinetics of diclofenac were compared between homozygotes for the wild type (CYP2C9*1/*1, n=6) and heterozygotes for the Leu359 variant (CYP2C9*1/*3, n=6). Results: For diclofenac, the following kinetic parameters were observed in the CYP2C9*1/*1 and CYP2C9*1/*3 subjects, respectively (mean ± SD): apparent oral clearance (ml/kg/h) 355.8 ± 56.9 and 484.4 ± 155.3; area under plasma concentration–time curve (μg h/ml) 2.7 ± 0.7 and 1.9 ± 0.6. The formation clearance of 4′-hydroxydiclofenac (ml/kg/h) was 63.6 ± 19.1 in the CYP2C9*1/*1 subjects compared with 75.9 ± 27.6 in the CYP2C9*1/*3 subjects. There were no significant differences in any of the kinetic parameters for either diclofenac disposition or formation clearance of 4′-hydroxydiclofenac between the two genotype groups. Conclusion: Since the disposition kinetics of diclofenac does not change in subjects with the single CYP2C9*3 mutant allele, it is suggested that the effects of CYP2C9 polymorphisms on the drug metabolism tend to be substrate specific.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002280050722
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    An Alu-mediated large deletion of the FUT2 gene in individuals with the ABO-Bombay phenotype (2000)
    Springer
    Human genetics 〈Berlin〉 106 (2000), S. 80-85 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1203
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. Recently, we have found an allelic deletion of the secretor α(1,2)fucosyltransferase (FUT2) gene in individuals with the classical Bombay phenotype of the ABO system. The FUT2 gene consists of two exons separated by an intron that spans approximately 7 kb. The first exon is noncoding, whereas exon 2 contains the complete coding sequence. Since the 5' breakpoint of the deletion has previously been mapped to the single intron of FUT2, we have cloned the junction region of the deletion in a Bombay individual by cassette-mediated polymerase chain reaction. In addition, the region from the 3' untranslated region of FUT2 to the 3' breakpoint sequence has been amplified from a control individual. DNA sequence analysis of this region indicates that the 5' breakpoint is within a free left Alu monomer (FLAM-C) sequence that lies 1.3 kb downstream of exon 1, and that the 3' breakpoint is within a complete Alu element (AluSx) that is positioned 1.5 kb downstream of exon 2. The size of the deletion is estimated to be about 10 kb. There is a 25-bp sequence identity between the reference DNA sequences surrounding the 5' and 3' breakpoints. This demonstrates that an Alu-mediated large gene deletion generated by unequal crossover is responsible for secretor α(1,2)fucosyltransferase deficiency in Indian Bombay individuals.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004399900212
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