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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Pure and applied geophysics 141 (1993), S. 111-124 
    ISSN: 1420-9136
    Keywords: Radon emanation ; soil air ; active faults ; fault creep ; fault gouge ; fractures ; permeability
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Radon emanation is known to be anomalously high along active faults in many parts of the world. We tested this relationship in California during July and early August 1992, using a portable radonmeter to conduct soil-air radon surveys at 5 sites across three kinds of faults: Creeping, locked, and freshly broken. Along a 350-m long survey line across a creeping segment of the San Andreas fault at Nyland Ranch in San Juan Bautista, we found anomalous radon concentrations not in the creep zone itself as determined by a creepmeter, but on the adjacent sides, 10 and 30 meters from the center line of the fault. The anomalous values were 5 times higher than the background values measured farther away from the fault. A similar radon anomaly was observed along a 420-m long survey line across a creeping segment of the Calaveras fault near 7th Street in Hollister. There, the anomalous values were about 6 to 11 times the background values and about 40 and 50 m from the center line of the fault. The double-peaked featire of the anomalies may be indicative of a relatively low gas permeability of the fault-gouge materials in the creeping zones and high permeability of fractured rocks in the adjacent shear zones. Along a 144-m survey line across the currently locked segment of the San Andreas fault at the Earthquake Trail near Olema, the radon concentration was indeed anomalously high in the fault zone, by a factor of two above background values. However, the maximum values (3 to 6 times background) again were recorded about 10 meters from the center line. Three weeks after the magnitude 7.5 Landers earthquake of 28 June 1992, we conducted a survey along a 300-m line across the earthquake fault alongside Encantado Road in the epicenter area. The radon values measured at the two main fault breaks were an order of magnitude higher than the background values. A similar result was found along a 420-m line alongside Reche Road about 1.7 km south of Encantado Road.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Acta mechanica solida Sinica 2 (1989), S. 163-174 
    ISSN: 0894-9166
    Keywords: plasticity ; limit analysis ; collapse load ; pressure vessel ; experimental method
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract A zero-curvature criterion is proposed to determine the practical collapse load. Six tests have been carried out on spherical pressure vessels with cylindrical nozzle. Results of these tests and other experimental data quoted from different references are discussed in order to compare the new criterion with various previously proposed criteria. It is concluded that: (1) the zero-curvature point is a characteristic point of the experimental curve and that the new criterion is an objective criterion without any artificial coefficient. (2) the deviation of the collapse load estimated by the new criterion is smaller than that estimated by other criteria.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Acta mechanica solida Sinica 4 (1991), S. 163-173 
    ISSN: 0894-9166
    Keywords: shell ; vibration ; asymptotic ; boundary layer
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The free vibration is called high-frequency when the frequency parameter Ω is limited by the inequalities Ω 〉max{R 2 −2 (s)} and Ω∼O(h 0). In this case there is only one boundary layer type of solution in the neighbourhood of any edge which is not sufficient to satisfy the two non-tangential boundary conditions to be dropped by the membrane equations at the edge, and is called non-complete. An asymptotic approach is presented in this paper, by means of which we find that there are two types of principal modes to be operative over the whole range of the shell surface, when the shell vibrates axisymmetrically at high frequency. One of the principal modes is a membrane type (¦u¦∼¦w¦, and the index of variation is zero) and the other is a quasi-transverse one with quick variation (¦u¦∼ε¦w¦, and the index of variation is equal to 1/2). Correspondingly, the set of frequency parameters can also be divided into two subsets, one of which corresponds to the membrane modes as their eigenvectors, while the other subset corresponds to the quasi-transverse modes with quick variation as their eigenvectors.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Acta mechanica solida Sinica 6 (1993), S. 319-339 
    ISSN: 0894-9166
    Keywords: compound strip ; ring-stiffened cylindrical shell ; buckling
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The efficient compound strip method is used to analyse the buckling of ring-stiffened cylindrical shells under hydrostatic pressure. The eccentricity of stiffeners is taken into account. Numerical examples are given to illustrate the efficiency and accuracy of this method.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1573-4919
    Keywords: insulin action ; protein-tyrosine phosphatases ; insulin resistance ; protein phosphorylation ; insulin receptor
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The intrinsic tyrosyl kinase activity of the insulin receptor is regulated by a balance between insulin-induced receptor autophosphorylation, which stimulates the receptor kinase, and enzymatic dephosphorylation of the receptor, which deactivates its kinase activity. The cellular protein-tyrosine phosphatase (PTPase) enzymes responsible for reversing the activated state of the insulin receptor have not been characterized. Our laboratory is interested in identifying and cloning the specific PTPase(s) that regulate the phosphorylation state of the insulin receptor. This chapter will summarize the design and results of our initial molecular cloning studies to identify specific PTPases in insulin-sensitive tissues that may have a potential physiological role in insulin action and clinical insulin resistance.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Pharmaceutical research 14 (1997), S. 1151-1160 
    ISSN: 1573-904X
    Keywords: freeze-drying ; liposomes ; lyoprotection ; bilayer transition ; modulated temperature differential scanning calorimetry (MTDSC)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Purpose. In the present study we examined the effect of the freezing protocol on carboxyfluorescein (CF) retention in liposomes after freeze-drying and rehydration. Methods. Liposomes were frozen slowly at 0.5°C/min, or quickly by submerging the samples in boiling nitrogen before freeze-drying. The thermal behaviour of the frozen dispersions was analysed by Modulated Temperature Differential Scanning Calorimetry (MTDSC). The dried cakes were analysed by SEM, MTDSC and FTIR. The % encapsulated CF of the (re)hydrated liposomes was determined by fluorimetry after GPC, their vesicle size was measured by the Dynamic Light scattering Technique and their bilayer transition was studied by DSC. Results. Slow freezing resulted in a markedly higher CF retention after freeze-drying and rehydration as compared to quick freezing. The effect of the freezing rate depended on the lipid composition and was most pronounced for rigid liposomes. The damage caused by quick freezing did not occur after a freezing/thawing cycle. The freezing protocol did not influence the interaction between the phospholipids and the lyoprotectants (sucrose, trehalose or glucose) in the freeze-dried state. However, analysis by DSC of dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine (DPPC): dipalmitoylphosphatidylglycerol (DPPG) =10:1 and DPPC liposome dispersions showed that the freezing protocol affected the bilayer melting characteristics of these liposomes after freeze-drying and rehydration. Conclusions. A proper design of the freezing protocol is essential to achieve optimal stability of rigid liposomes during a freeze-drying and rehydration cycle.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of economics 48 (1988), S. 159-173 
    ISSN: 1617-7134
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Economics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of economics 55 (1992), S. 43-63 
    ISSN: 1617-7134
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Abstract This study suggests a model of economic development which treats knowledge accumulation as an endogenous variable. It examines possible dynamic processes in an economic system which accumulates knowledge from developed nations. We describe the dynamics of the system by the interactions of three variables—economic conditions, level of knowledge, and openness. The introduction of “openness” as an important endogenous variable is due to the fact that the development model considered here is primarily concerned with the economic dynamics of the People's Republic of China. We are especially interested in nonlinear phenomena such as catastrophes and limit cycles. We show that small shifts in political policies may result in great social structural changes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    The annals of regional science 25 (1991), S. 179-191 
    ISSN: 1432-0592
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying , Geography , Economics
    Notes: Abstract This paper examines interactions between knowledge accumulation and economic development within a multiregional framework. Production and capital accumulation are undertaken according to the principles of neoclassical economics. Accessibility is the key factor for the study of interregional learning processes. The existence of a unique positive equilibrium in the general model is established; and both stability analysis and comparative static analysis with respect to some parameters are conducted for the case of two regions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    The annals of regional science 27 (1993), S. 23-39 
    ISSN: 1432-0592
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying , Geography , Economics
    Notes: Abstract The purpose of this study is to develop an urban model describing an economic dynamics of three parts — the CBD, the residential area and the agricultural area — in an isolated urban system. The system consists of three — agricultural, industrial, and service — sectors. The model describes dynamic interactions among capital and knowledge accumulation with endogenous urban structure. The model may be considered, in a broad sense, as a synthesis of new urban economics (Alonso's model), urban economic growth theory with endogenous knowledge and Thünen's economic system. We show that the urban dynamics may have either a unique or multiple equilibria and may be either stable or unstable, depending upon creativity of various economic activities. We also examine effects of changes in some parameters upon the long-run urban structure.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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