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  • 1
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    The Massive and Distant Clusters of WISE Survey. I. Survey Overview and a Catalog of 〉2000 Galaxy Clusters at z ≃ 1 (2019)
    Institute of Physics
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-02-07
    Print ISSN: 0067-0049
    Electronic ISSN: 1538-4365
    Topics: Physics
    Published by Institute of Physics
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  • 2
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    THE MASSIVE AND DISTANT CLUSTERS OF WISE SURVEY: MOO J1142+1527, A 10 15 M ⊙ GALAXY CLUSTER AT z = 1.19 (2015)
    Institute of Physics
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-10-20
    Print ISSN: 2041-8205
    Electronic ISSN: 2041-8213
    Topics: Physics
    Published by Institute of Physics
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Simulating Inbred-Maize Yields with CERES-IM (2000)
    Springer
    Semigroup forum 92 (2000), S. 672-678 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2137
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Zea mays L.), cannot be applied directly to seed-producing inbred maize because of specific field operations and physiological traits of inbred maize plants. We developed CERES-IM, a modified version of CERES-Maize 3.0 that accommodates these inbred-specific operations and traits, using a set of phenological measurements conducted in Nebraska (NE), and further tested this model with a set of field data from Michigan (MI). Detasseling (i.e., removal of the tassels from the female plants) was conducted prior to silking. Male rows were removed approximately 10 d following 75% silking. The thermal time from emergence to the end of the juvenile phase (P1) and the potential number of kernels per plant (G2) were assessed from field data, and were the only two coefficients allowed to vary according to the inbred line. Rate of leaf appearance of the inbreds was accurately simulated using a measured phyllochron interval of 54 degree-days (°Cd). Simulation of detasseling and male-row removal improved grain yield simulation for inbreds. For a set of 35 inbred-site-year simulations, the model simulated grain yield with satisfactory accuracy RMSE = 429 kg ha−1. Average grain yields were 4556 and 4721 kg ha−1 for the measured and simulated values, respectively. CERES-IM simulations suggest that the effect of male-row removal on grain yield is extremely sensitive to the precise date at which this operation is conducted. This would explain the inconsistent effect of male-row removal on female grain yields reported in the literature.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Modifications of Soil Nitrogen Pools in Response to Alfalfa Root Systems and Shoot Mulch (1999)
    Springer
    Semigroup forum 91 (1999), S. 471-477 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2137
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Medicago sativa L.) shoots and roots generate large amounts of NO3-N available to the next crop but also susceptible to deep leaching. This study was aimed at determining the specific contributions of above- and belowground alfalfa biomass to soil N pools. Dynamics of soil and plant N pools were studied in a Kalamazoo loam soil (fine-loamy, mixed, mesic Typic Hapludalfs) over a 2-yr period under bare fallow (BF), bare fallow to which alfalfa shoot mulch was applied (BFSM), living alfalfa plants with shoots removed after harvest (A), and living alfalfa with shoot mulch remaining on the soil surface after harvest (ASM). Organic N pools were monitored in alfalfa plant parts, soil-incorporated debris, and soil organic matter to depths of 150 cm. Inorganic N pools were monitored by suction lysimeters, soil extraction, and evaluation of soil denitrification rates. Living alfalfa stands kept soil inorganic N at very low levels, whether shoot mulch was applied or not. Soluble inorganic N concentrations decreased earlier in the fall in the upper horizons of bare fallow soils receiving alfalfa shoot mulch, suggesting enhanced leaching from bare soil under alfalfa mulch. Alfalfa crown and roots contained an average of 115 kg N-1 after 2 yr of treatment. In conclusion, alfalfa shoot mulch contributed little to sustained increased in soil N pools, while crowns and roots contributed larger quantities to the soil N pool.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The osmotic and ionic regulatory capacities of the kidney of the harbor seal,Phoca vitulina (1972)
    Springer
    Journal of comparative physiology 81 (1972), S. 121-132 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1351
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary 1. The maximum values obtained for urinary osmotic pressure, and sodium, chloride and potassium ion concentrations are 2050 mOsm/L, 523 mEq Na+/L, 508 mEq Cl-/L and 136 mEq K+/L, respectively. The concentrations of sodium and chloride ions in the urine are about equal to those of sea water and the results show that the harbor seal must draw on body water to eliminate all of the ions introduced by sea water ingestion. 2. Distilled water ingestion results in an increase in urine volume and a decrease in urine osmotic pressure, specific gravity and ion concentrations. 3. Following sea water ingestion, a large increase in urine volume occurs within 2 hours, urine osmolality remains constant or increases, and sodium and chloride ion concentrations increase to maximum values within 3 to 5 hours. Urine specific gravity decreases abruptly 1 to 2 hours after sea water ingestion, followed by a progressive increase for the duration of the tests.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00696628
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Responses of olfactory receptor neurons in the spiny lobster to binary mixtures are predictable using a noncompetitive model that incorporates excitatory and inhibitory transduction pathways (1996)
    Springer
    Journal of comparative physiology 178 (1996), S. 523-536 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1351
    Keywords: Olfaction ; Across neuron patterns ; Sensory coding ; Mixture models ; Crustacea
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Coding of binary mixtures by a population of olfactory receptor neurons in the spiny lobster (Panulirus argus) was examined. Extracellular single-unit responses of 50 neurons to seven compounds and their binary mixtures were recorded. The ability of a noncompetitive model with correction for binding inhibition to predict responses to mixtures based on responses to their components was compared with the predictive abilities of other models. This model assumes that different compounds activate different transduction processes in the same neuron leading to excitation or inhibition, and it includes a term quantifying the degree to which binding of an odorant to its receptor sites is inhibited by other compounds. The model accurately predicted the absolute response magnitude of the population of neurons for 13 of 15 mixtures assessed, which is superior to the predictive power of any of the other models. The model also accurately predicted the across neuron patterns generated by the binary mixtures, as evaluated by multidimensional scaling analysis. The results suggest that there is no emergence of unique qualities for binary mixtures relative to components of these mixtures.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00190182
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Energetic costs of mate guarding behavior in male stream-dwelling isopods (1996)
    Springer
    Oecologia 106 (1996), S. 166-171 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1939
    Keywords: Precopulatory mate guarding behavior ; Glycogen ; Lipid ; Refuge use ; Food deprivation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract In the stream-dwelling isopod Lirceus fontinalis, males and females engage in a precopulatory mate guarding phase prior to mating. We examined the energetic costs of mate guarding behavior in males by separately assaying glycogen and lipid content at different time increments following mating. We found that males that had recently mated possessed reduced glycogen reserves and that these reserves were fully replenished within 36 h. Conversely, we found that male lipid reserves were unaffected by time since mating. We concluded that precopulatory mate guarding behavior is energetically costly to males and that glycogen is the energy source utilized to pay that cost. We also examined whether food deprivation during the mate guarding phase affected male energy reserves (glycogen) at the end of that phase. We found that males that were held in the laboratory and starved during mate guarding possessed reduced glycogen at the termination of the phase when compared to fed males. This reduced quantity was equivalent to the glycogen reserves of recently mated males collected from the field. We propose that food deprivation during the mate guarding phase explains the reduction in glycogen reserves at the termination of that phase. We discuss these results with reference to patterns of refuge use behavior during the mate guarding phase.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00328595
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The influence of crabs on litter processing in high intertidal mangrove forests in tropical Australia (1989)
    Springer
    Oecologia 78 (1989), S. 191-198 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1939
    Keywords: Litter fall ; Litter turnover ; Sesarmid crabs ; Mangrove forest ; Tropical Australia
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Measurements of litter fall and litter removal by crabs, in conjunction with estimates of litter decay by microbes and tidal export of litter from three high-intertidal mangrove forests were made during a year-long study in tropical northeastern Australia. In forests dominated by Ceriops tagal and Bruguiera exaristata, litter standing stocks remained low on the forest floor (mean 6 g·m-2), although litter fall was high; 822 and 1022 g·m-2·y-1, respectively. Sesarmid crabs removed 580 (Ceriops) and 803 (Bruguiera) g·m-2·y-1, or 71 and 79%, of the total annual litter fall from the forest floor. Relative to the rate of litter removal by crabs, microbial turnover of whole, unshredded litter was insignificant, accounting for 〈1% of annual litter fall. Export of litter by tides was estimated to remove 194 (Ceriops) and 252 (Bruguiera) g·m-2·y-1 or 24 and 25% of annual litter fall. In a forest dominated by Avicenniamarina, in which an ocypodid crab was more abundant than sesarmids, litter standing stocks were higher (mean 84 g·m-2) and crabs removed less litter; 173 g·m-2·y-1 or 33% of the annual litter fall of 519 g·m-2·y-1. Microbial turnover of intact litter was more important in the Avicennia forest (168 g·m-2·y-1 or 32% of annual litter fall), and tides exported 107 g·m-2·y-1 or 21% of litter production. In areas where sesarmid crabs were absent or rare in Ceriops forests, there were significantly higher standing stocks of litter and slower rates of leaf removal. Taking into account the probable assimilation efficiencies of sesarmid crabs feeding on mangrove leaves, we estimate that in Ceriops and Bruguiera forests leaf processing by crabs turns litter over at 〉75 times the rate of microbial decay alone, thus facilitating the high sediment bacterial productivity in these forests. The importance of litter processing by crabs increases with height in the intertidal in tropical Australia, in contrast to New World mangrove forests, where the reverse is true.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00377155
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Identification of constitutive and herbicide inducible cytochromes P-450 in Streptomyces griseolus (1988)
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 149 (1988), S. 406-412 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Keywords: Cytochrome P-450 ; Induction ; Herbicide ; Detoxification ; Isozyme ; Streptomyces griseolus
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The elevated soluble cytochrome P-450 content of Streptomyces griseolus cells found after growth in the presence of sulfonylurea herbicides has been shown to be the result of the appearance of one predominant cytochrome P-450 form. This cytochrome P-450 is the major soluble protein found to increase in amount following herbicide treatment, and functions as part of a sulfometuron methyl hydroxylase system. A second minor inducible cytochrome P-450 has been observed only in cells grown in the presence of chlorimuron ethyl, and a third cytochrome P-450 has been found to be present in all cells independent of the presence of sulfonylurea inducers. The three cytochrome P-450 isozymes are distinguishable primarily by their anion exchange properties; however, spectral properties, substrate inducibility, and enzymatic activity provide several further distinguishing features. The recognition of these inducible, xenobiotic metabolizing cytochromes P-450 in S. griseolus provides the only known description of monooxygenase proteins related to herbicide metabolism in bacteria.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00425579
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Dopamine β-hydroxylase: two polymorphisms in linkage disequilibrium at the structural gene DBH associate with biochemical phenotypic variation (1998)
    Springer
    Human genetics 〈Berlin〉 102 (1998), S. 533-540 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1203
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Levels of the enzyme dopamine β-hydroxylase (DβH) in the plasma and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) are closely related biochemical phenotypes. Both are under strong genetic control. Linkage and association studies suggest the structural gene encoding DβH (locus name, DΒH) is a major locus influencing plasma activity of DβH. This study examined relationships of DBH genotype determined at two polymorphic sites (a previously described GT repeat, referred to as the DBH STR and a single-base substitution at the 3’ end of DBH exon 2, named DBH*444 g/a), to CSF levels of DβH protein in European-American schizophrenic patients, and to plasma DβH activity in European-American patients with mood or anxiety disorders. We also investigated linkage disequilibrium (LD) between the polymorphisms in the pooled samples from those European-American subjects (n=104). Alleles of DBH*444 g/a were associated with differences in mean values of CSF DβH levels. Alleles at both polymorphisms were associated with plasma DβH activity. Significant LD was observed between respective alleles with similar apparent influence on biochemical phenotype. Thus, allele A3 of the DBH STR was in positive LD with DBH*444a, and both alleles were associated with lower plasma DβH activity. DBH STR allele A4 was in positive LD with DBH*444 g, and both alleles were associated with higher plasma DβH activity. The results confirm that DBH is a major quantitative trait locus for plasma DβH activity, and provide the first direct evidence that DBH also influences CSF DβH levels. Both polymorphisms examined in this study appear to be in LD with one or more functional polymorphisms that mediate the influence of allelic variation at DBH on DβH biochemical phenotypic variation
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004390050736
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