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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular life sciences 39 (1983), S. 1144-1146 
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary We have developed a simple method for the isolation of endothelial cells from human umbilical artery. The method provides a sufficient number of cells to be of experimental value. The presence of factor VIII antigen specific for endothelium has been demonstrated by immunofluorescence as well as by the peroxidase-antiperoxidase immune complex method.
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Mineralium deposita 28 (1993), S. 513-520 
    ISSN: 1432-1866
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract Filmwise non-equilibrium condensation of methanol vapour is investigated on a shock-tube endwall behind a reflected shock wave. The theoretical prediction of a transition phenomenon during the growth of a liquid film is experimentally demonstrated: the film grows approximately in proportion to the time at the early stages after the reflection of the shock wave and, after a transition period, it grows in proportion to the square root of the time. The condensation parameter of the vapour is obtained from the conformity between experiment and theory. It is found that the condensation parameter of the methanol vapour is of the magnitude of one tenth of the value for the complete capture of the molecules on the liquid surface.
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1090-6509
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract The magnetic properties of the intermetallic compounds Gd1−x YxMn2Ge2 (0≤x≤0.5) (tetragonal crystal structure of the type ThCr2Ge2) have been measured in fields up to 40 T in the temperature range 4.2–120 K on free powders (whose particles are free to rotate in a magnetic field), fixed powders, and polycrystalline bulk samples. The temperature dependence of the crystal structure parameters of some of these intermetallic compounds was determined from x-ray diffraction measurements. It was found that the temperatures of magnetic disordering of the gadolinium magnetic subsystem and the transition of the manganese subsystem from the ferromagnetic to the antiferromagnetic state decrease as the gadolinium content is decreased, so that in compositions with x〈0.3 this transition is a first-order phase transition, and with further decrease of the gadolinium content it becomes second-order. In intermetallic compounds of this system with x=0.3 and 0.4 another spontaneous first-order transition is observed at lower temperatures. In a magnetic field the magnetization of all the investigated intermetallic compounds except for the composition x=0.5 undergo a metamagnetic transition. The T-x, H-x, and H-T magnetic phase diagrams are constructed. The experimental data are interpreted with allowance for the fact that according to the results of previous studies, the Mn-Mn exchange interaction is antiferromagnetic, and thus the examined intermetallic compounds are two-sublattice ferrimagnets with negative exchange interaction in one of the sublattices. Calculations performed within the framework of this model in the Yafet-Kittel approximation, which assumes that the sublattice with negative exchange can be divided into two sub-sublattices, permit a quantitative description of the experimental results in most cases.
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of materials science 9 (1990), S. 997-999 
    ISSN: 1573-4811
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of materials science 2 (1991), S. 149-152 
    ISSN: 1573-4838
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Technology
    Notes: Abstract The sintering mechanism of hydroxyapatite (HAp) by addition of lithium phosphate (Li3PO4) has been investigated. Using the X-ray diffraction method, HAp was confirmed to decompose into β-Ca3(PO4)2 (β-TCP) by addition of Li3PO4. The measurement of shrinkage rate by the isothermal firing made it clear that the densification process at the initial stage of sintering took place in the presence of liquid phase. Furthermore, the examination of the phase diagram on the binary system β-TCP-Li3PO4 revealed that there was an eutectic point at 1010°C in the composition of 60 wt% Li3PO4. From these evidences, we concluded that β-TCP produced by the decomposition of a part of HAp has formed the liquid phase by reacting with Li3PO4 above 1010°C, and that this liquid phase has largely promoted the densification by the rearrangement of HAp particles at the initial stage of sintering.
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1573-482X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract Boron-nitride films were prepared on single-crystal silicon substrates by electron-cyclotron-resonance (ECR) plasma-assisted, chemical vapour deposition (CVD), using B2H6 and nitrogen as the source gases, without intentional heating of the substrate. Turbostratic boron-nitride (t-BN) films were obtained at a maximum deposition rate of 1.8 nms−1. A cubic boron nitride (c-BN) phase formed in the t-BN films after application of a radio-frequency (r.f.) bias to the substrates at a voltage of 156–172 V and at a maximum deposition rate of 0.08 nms−1.
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  • 7
    ISSN: 1432-0827
    Keywords: Key words: Fluoride — Octacalcium phosphate — Apatite — Fluoridation — Enamel mineralization
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Physics
    Notes: Abstract. To study the roles of F− ions in the formation of apatite crystals embedding octacalcium phosphate (OCP) lamella in the center of apatite (Ap), a range of the Ap/OCP/Ap lamellar-mixed crystals were synthesized under various concentrations of fluoride ion (F−) from 0.1–1.0 ppm at pH 6.5 and 37°C. The products were analyzed for the F− incorporation, F− distribution, and the amount of OCP and Ap by chemical analysis, X-ray diffraction (XRD), electron probe microanalysis (EPMA), and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) techniques. The F− content and the amount of apatite in the crystalline product increased with an increase in the F− concentration in solution, whereas the amount of OCP and the yield of total product decreased. EPMA indicated that F− ions are distributed in the crystals almost homogeneously. The combined analysis suggested that a low-substituted fluoridated hydroxyapatite (FHAp) grew on a small amount of F−-containing OCP or on a surface-reaction layer of OCP, which has accumulated a small amount of F−. The roles of F− ions were hypothesized as the reduction of the growth rate and/or the critical thickness in the a*-axis direction of OCP, the enhancement of hydrolysis of OCP, and the activation of the growth of FHAp, resulting in thinner OCP lamella and thicker apatite lamella in the a*-axis direction with an increase in F− concentration.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Experiments in fluids 7 (1989), S. 513-520 
    ISSN: 1432-1114
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract Filmwise non-equilibrium condensation of methanol vapour is investigated on a shock-tube endwall behind a reflected shock wave. The theoretical prediction of a transition phenomenon during the growth of a liquid film is experimentally demonstrated: the film grows approximately in proportion to the time at the early stages after the reflection of the shock wave and, after a transition period, it grows in proportion to the square root of the time. The condensation parameter of the vapour is obtained from the conformity between experiment and theory. It is found that the condensation parameter of the methanol vapour is of the magnitude of one tenth of the value for the complete capture of the molecules on the liquid surface.
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Contributions to mineralogy and petrology 61 (1977), S. 299-304 
    ISSN: 1432-0967
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract The intergrowth of diaplectic glass and primitive anorthite has been observed in fragments shocked to 300 kbar. The textures observed by electron microscopy are similar to those produced in shocked quartz crystals. The diffuseness of reflections, related to antiphase domains, show no noticeable change in comparison with unshocked specimens. These results indicate that no gradual change in original domain size occurs and that the transformation of primitive anorthite to diaplectic glass occurs abruptly.
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  • 10
    ISSN: 1432-119X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The localization of cathepsins B, D, and L was studied in rat osteoclasts by immuno-light and-electron microscopy using the avidin-biotin-peroxidase complex (ABC) method. In cryosections prepared for light microscopy, immunoreactivity for cathepsin D was found in numerous vesicles and vacuoles but was not detected along the resorption lacunae of osteoclasts. However, immunoreactivity for cathepsins B and L occurred strongly along the lacunae, and only weak intracellular immunoreactivity was observed in the vesicles and peripheral part of the vacuoles near the ruffled border. In control sections that were not incubated with the antibody, no cathepsins were found in the osteoclasts or along the resorption lacunae of osteoclasts. At the electron microscopic level, strong intracellular reactivity of cathepsin D was found in numerous vacuoles and vesicles, while extracellular cathepsin D was only slightly detected at the base of the ruffled border but was not found in the eroded bone matrix. Most osteoclasts showed strong extracellular deposition of cathepsins B and L on the collagen fibrils and bone matrix under the ruffled border. The extracellular deposition was stronger for cathepsin L than for cathepsin B. Furthermore cathepsins B and L immunolabled some pits and part of the ampullar extracellular spaces, appearing as vacuoles in the sections. Conversely, the intracellular reactivity for cathepsins B and L was weak: cathepsin-containing vesicles and vacuoles as primary and secondary lysosomes occurred only sparsely. These findings suggest that cathepsins B and L, unlike cathepsin D, are rapidly released into the extracellular matrix and participate in the degradation of organic bone matrix containing collagen fibrils near the tip of the ruffled border. Cathepsin L may be more effective in the degradation of bone matrix than cathepsin B.
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