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Anelastische Absorption seismischer Wellen (1986)

H. Berckhemer ; Kuratorium des Seismologischen Zentralobservatoriums Gräfenberg,

Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft & VCH Verlagsges.

In: Professional Paper, Zehn Jahre Gräfenberg-Array, Schrittmacher der Breitband-Seismologie, Mitteilung XV der Senatskommission für Geowissenschaftliche Gemeinschaftsforschung, Weinheim, Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft & VCH Verlagsges., vol. 1, no. 16, pp. 125-131, (ISBN 0080419208)

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Publication Date: 1986

Keywords: Seismology ; Inelastic ; Absorption ; ENDNOTE?

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BIBLIOGRAPHY SEISMOLOGY

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Bericht über die Jahrestagung der Deutschen Geophysikalischen Gesellschaft in Hamburg vom 27. bis 30. August 1952 (1952)

Berckhemer, H.

Springer

Pure and applied geophysics 23 (1952), S. 217-222

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ISSN: 1420-9136

Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Topics: Geosciences , Physics

Type of Medium: Electronic Resource

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01992472

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3

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The Erzincan (Turkey) Earthquake (Ms 6.8) of March 13, 1992 and its Aftershock Sequence (1998)

Grosser, H. ; Baumbach, M. ; Berckhemer, H. ; [et al.]

Springer

Pure and applied geophysics 152 (1998), S. 465-505

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ISSN: 1420-9136

Keywords: Key words: Erzincan earthquake, North Anatolian fault, pull-apart basin, aftershocks.

Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Topics: Geosciences , Physics

Notes: Abstract —The Erzincan strike-slip earthquake of March 13, 1992 ruptured a section of the North Anatolian fault (NAF) at the northern margin of the Erzincan basin. The focal depth of about 10 km was less than given by ISC and NEIC. Erzincan and the surrounding villages were considerably damaged. In the Erzincan basin and in the neighbouring mountains a seismic network of ten stations was installed. It was operating continuously from March 21 through June 16, 1992. More than 3,000 aftershocks were recorded of which 505 could be located. The spectral parameters of 394 and the fault-plane solutions of 53 aftershocks were determined. For the given region the frequency dependent coda Q was derived as Q c = 122 f 0.68. The aftershock area increased with time, reflecting the process of stress redistribution. Some events clustered in the immediate vicinity of the town of Erzincan close to the epicentre of the main event and seem to trace the NAF. Their source mechanism is similar to that of the main event (strike slip). About 150 aftershocks clustered in the southeastern part of the Erzincan basin where a concentration of the events in a small volume of 5 × 5 × 3 km3 was observed. The majority of fault-plane solutions available for these aftershocks showed a normal faulting mechanism with an east-west directed extension. Most of the aftershocks southeast of the basin clustered between two lineaments that were mapped by satellite images. The P-wave velocity below the Erzincan basin, derived from travel-time residual analysis, is lower compared to areas NE and SW of the basin. Three-dimen sional stress modelling of the Erzincan region qualitatively explains the occurrence of the aftershocks southeast of the basin. The calculated displacement distribution which exhibits the north-westward motion of the basin and tension at its southeastern margin, caused by the Erzincan earthquake, is in agreement with derived fault-plane solutions.

Type of Medium: Electronic Resource

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s000240050163

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Investigation of the lithosphere beneath the Vogelsberg volcanic complex with P-wave travel time residuals (1993)

Braun, T. ; Berckhemer, H.

Springer

International journal of earth sciences 82 (1993), S. 20-29

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ISSN: 1437-3262

Keywords: Travel time residuals ; Vogelsberg volcanic complex ; seismic tomography

Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Topics: Geosciences

Notes: Abstract With the aim of investigating the P-wave velocity structure below the Tertiary volcano Vogelsberg, a network of 10 mobile short period seismograph stations was installed in May 1987 for a period of 20 months. P-Wave travel time residuals relative to the station Kleiner Feldberg/Taunus (TNS) were determined for 168 seismic events using the Jeffreys - Bullen travel time tables. At all stations the relative residuals showed a positive sign, indicating a low velocity zone beneath the Vogelsberg. Maxima were found in the northern part of the Vogelsberg (station VAD +0.5 s) and in the region of the Amöneburger Basin (station RAU +0.28 s). The travel time residuals were inverted using the tomographic inversion method of Aki et al. (1977). The slowness perturbations of the single blocks were calculated relative to a crustal and upper mantle model of the Rhenish Massif. The results show an intracrustal low velocity body (about −9%) striking in a Variscan direction and underlying the north-eastern part of the Vogelsberg, and another velocity minimum (about − 6%) in the region of the Am6neburger Basin. In the lower crust and the upper mantle the velocities are reduced by about 4% relative to the starting model. The Variscan alignment of the low velocity zone under the Vogelsberg correlates with results of other geological studies. It can be assumed that during the rifting phase of the Upper Rhinegraben Variscan lineations have been reactivated, favouring uprising of magma along these old structures. The position and extension of the low velocity zone correlate with the assumed sediment distributions in the area of investigation. This may account for about one-half of the observed anomaly. The reason for the velocity reduction of about 4% in the entire underground region of the Vogelsberg down to a depth of about 70 km can be explained by the intensive fracturing of the lithosphere, caused by thermal and pressure gradients during the magma eruption process.

Type of Medium: Electronic Resource

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00563267

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Time dependent strain recovery of cores from the KTB — Deep drill hole (1989)

Wolter, K. E. ; Berckhemer, H.

Springer

Rock mechanics and rock engineering 22 (1989), S. 273-287

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ISSN: 1434-453X

Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying , Geosciences

Notes: Summary The time dependent strain recovery is investigated for drill cores of two rock types from the German Continental Deep Drilling Project (KTB). The strains are measured with inductive displacement transducers in the core axis and in three different radial directions under constant conditions of temperature and moisture. It turns out that the process of time dependent strain recovery is closely connected with the emission of acoustic signals. A non-foliated, fine grained lamprophyre (depth: 2231.50 m) and a strongly foliated gneiss (depth: 2415.90 m) show a distinctly different relaxation behaviour. The relaxation times for both, deformation and acoustic emissions, are approximately the same and 57 hours for the lamprophyre and 28 hours for the gneiss. In the case of the viscoelastically isotropic lamprophyre principal in situ stresses have been calculated.

Type of Medium: Electronic Resource

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01262283

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Die Entwicklung der Erdrinde (1981)

Berckhemer, H.

Springer

Naturwissenschaften 68 (1981), S. 323-327

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ISSN: 1432-1904

Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Natural Sciences in General

Notes: Abstract The key and the well established basis for our present understanding of the evolution of the earth's lithosphere is the continous creation of new oceanic lithosphere in the mid oceanic ridge system. Paleomagnetic evidence and the concept of global plate tectonics permit a quantitative reconstruction of the kinematic history of the lithosphere for the past 200 m.y. This leads to continent configurations very similar to those proposed by A. Wegener. Plate tectonic processes can be traced back until Precambrian times. Before that, due to the generally higher temperature of the earth, the evolution was apparently governed by different processes. Thermal convection and gravitational instabilities are considered as driving forces for the lithosphere.

Type of Medium: Electronic Resource

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01047475

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Seismic observations at an overstep of the western North Anatolian Fault (Abant–Sapanca region, Turkey) (1997)

Neugebauer, J. ; Löffler, M. ; Berckhemer, H. ; [et al.]

Springer

Geologische Rundschau 86 (1997), S. 93-102

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ISSN: 0016-7835

Keywords: Key words Neotectonics ; Seismicity ; Fault-plane solution ; Stress ; Coda Q ; Earthquake ; Micro-earthquake ; Fault ; Pull-apart basin ; Overstep ; Strike slip ; North Anatolian Fault ; Turkey

Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Topics: Geosciences

Notes: Abstract The course of the active North Anatolian Fault system from Lake Abant to Lake Sapanca was traced by its high micro-earthquake activity. If approaching from the east this section includes a broad south to north overstep (fault offset) of the main fault. Local seismicity has been recorded in this area by a semi-permanent network of 8 stations since 1985 within the frame of the Turkish–German Joint Project for Earthquake Research. The effect of the overstep and its complex fracture kinematics are reflected by the seismicity distribution, the variations of composite fault-plane solutions, and by the spatial coda-Q distribution. Areas of different stress orientation can be distinguished and assigned to different groups of faults. The stresses and the tectonic pattern only in part correspond to a simple model of an extensional overstep and its correlative pull-apart basin. Other types of deformation involved are characterized by normal faulting on faults parallel to the general course of the main strike-slip fault and by synthetic strike-slip faults oriented similar to Riedel shears. Shear deformation by this fault group widely distributed in an area north and east of the main fault line may play an important role in the evolution of the overstep. The development of a pull-apart basin is inhibited along the eastern half of the overstep and compatibility of both strands of the main fault (Bolu–Lake Abant and Lake Sapanca– Izmit–Marmara Sea) seems to be achieved with the aid of the fault systems mentioned. The extension of the missing part of the pull-apart basin seems to be displaced to positions remote from the Lake Abant–Lake Sapanca main fault line, i.e. to the Akyaz℩–Düzce basin tract. Highest Q-values (lowest attenuation of seismic waves) were found in the zone of highest seismicity north and west of the overstep which is the zone of strongest horizontal tension. If high coda-Q is an indicator for strong scattering of seismic waves it might be related to extensional opening of fractures.

Type of Medium: Electronic Resource

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s005310050124

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