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  • Springer  (76)
  • Blackwell Publishing Ltd  (9)
  • American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)  (5)
  • American Geophysical Union (AGU)
  • American Association of Petroleum Geologists (AAPG)
  • 1
    Publication Date: 1991-12-06
    Description: A polyamide nucleic acid (PNA) was designed by detaching the deoxyribose phosphate backbone of DNA in a computer model and replacing it with an achiral polyamide backbone. On the basis of this model, oligomers consisting of thymine-linked aminoethylglycyl units were prepared. These oligomers recognize their complementary target in double-stranded DNA by strand displacement. The displacement is made possible by the extraordinarily high stability of the PNA-DNA hybrids. The results show that the backbone of DNA can be replaced by a polyamide, with the resulting oligomer retaining base-specific hybridization.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Nielsen, P E -- Egholm, M -- Berg, R H -- Buchardt, O -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1991 Dec 6;254(5037):1497-500.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Biochemistry B, Panum Institute, Copenhagen, Denmark.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1962210" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Base Sequence ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Molecular Structure ; Nylons/*chemistry ; Oligonucleotides/*chemistry ; Photochemistry ; Thermodynamics
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 2017-08-24
    Description: Arsenic-contaminated aquifers are currently estimated to affect ~150 million people around the world. However, the full extent of the problem remains elusive. This is also the case in Pakistan, where previous studies focused on isolated areas. Using a new data set of nearly 1200 groundwater quality samples throughout Pakistan, we have created state-of-the-art hazard and risk maps of arsenic-contaminated groundwater for thresholds of 10 and 50 μg/liter. Logistic regression analysis was used with 1000 iterations, where surface slope, geology, and soil parameters were major predictor variables. The hazard model indicates that much of the Indus Plain is likely to have elevated arsenic concentrations, although the rest of the country is mostly safe. Unlike other arsenic-contaminated areas of Asia, the arsenic release process in the arid Indus Plain appears to be dominated by elevated-pH dissolution, resulting from alkaline topsoil and extensive irrigation of unconfined aquifers, although pockets of reductive dissolution are also present. We estimate that approximately 50 million to 60 million people use groundwater within the area at risk, with hot spots around Lahore and Hyderabad. This number is alarmingly high and demonstrates the urgent need for verification and testing of all drinking water wells in the Indus Plain, followed by appropriate mitigation measures.
    Electronic ISSN: 2375-2548
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 1987-09-04
    Description: The lower continental crust is one of the least known variables in the crust-mantle evolutionary equation. In order to study the nature and compositional heterogeneity of the lower crust, more than 20 inclusions of lower crustal granulites in volcanic rocks from the McMurdo Sound region of Antarctica were analyzed for strontium and oxygen isotopes. These inclusions were erupted from volcanic centers covering an area of 12,000 square kilometers. Along with results from analyses of major and trace elements, the isotopic data reveal a profound discontinuity in the composition and probably the age of the lower crust that coincides with the boundary between the Transantarctic Mountains and the Ross Embayment. Although this topographic boundary between East and West Antarctica is largely a Cenozoic development, which apparently reflects a simple subvertical faulting relationship due to crustal rifting, the isotopic differences in the lower crust across the boundary suggest that the current faulting and rifting may coincide with an older crustal suture, the age of which is uncertain.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kalamarides, R I -- Berg, J H -- Hank, R A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1987 Sep 4;237(4819):1192-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17801643" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 4
    Publication Date: 2001-04-01
    Print ISSN: 0090-4341
    Electronic ISSN: 1432-0703
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Medicine
    Published by Springer
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Applied physics 16 (1978), S. 279-287 
    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: 42.80 ; 85.30
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Optical projection of masks is a very troublesome task if dimensions are in the submicron range. It is difficult to get an undistorted image in the resist. This problem can be overcome by introducing corrections in the penultimate mask. Till now this has been done by a trial and error method in which an acceptable pattern is made only after a time consuming iterative process. In this paper a description will be given of the image forming process in which diffraction at the penultimate mask and at the aperture of the lens are the critical features. Based upon this theory correction formulas are derived for the direct design of penultimate masks. Rules for maximum edge sharpness are given, so that the tolerance demands on the production process can be relaxed. Extensive experimental measurements are in good agreement with theory. It will be shown theoretically as well as practically that by asymmetrical arrangement of the optical system images of gratings with 0.2–0.3 μm linewidth can be obtained.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Applied physics 2 (1973), S. 137-142 
    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: Thin MnBi films ; Coercive force ; Rayleigh curve
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Statistical Rayleigh-curve theory is applied to thin evaporated MnBi films in order to obtain information concerning the density of wall pinning centra. The treatment results in a prediction of the coercive forceH c and the average distance between adjacent wall pinning centra, 2L 0. The coercive forceH cis also measured experimentally. The results of the two methods are in good agreement with each other. The influence of dislocations on the coercive force is discussed briefly.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Il nuovo cimento della Società Italiana di Fisica 1 (1982), S. 431-441 
    ISSN: 0392-6737
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Riassunto Si discute lo scattering elastico di elettroni dagli atomi di cesio e xenon ad energie di collisione al di sotto dei 40 eV. Si studia l'uso del potenzialeX α con α=0.55 e si confrontano i nostri calcoli che usano questo potenziale con sezioni d'urto sperimentali. Si è trovato un ragionvole accordo con le distribuzioni angolari misurate di Gehenn e Reichert, Kleweret al., respettivamente, in contrasto con i calcoli esistenti di Fink e Yates, Walker e McCarthyet al.
    Abstract: Резюме Обсуждается упругое рассеяние электронов на атомах ксенона и цезия при энергиях ниже 40 эВ. Мы анализируем использованиеХ α-потеициала с α=0.55 и сравниваем наши вычисления, использующие этот потенциал, с экспериментальными поперечными сечениями. Получено разумное согласие с угловыми распределениями, измеренными Гехеном и Райхертом и Клевером и др., в иротивоположность существующим вычислениям Финка и Ятса, Уолкера и Маккарти и др.
    Notes: Summary The elastic scattering of electrons from caesium and xenon atoms at collision energies below 40 eV is discussed. We study the use of theX α-potential with α=0.55 and compare our calculations using this potential with experimental cross-sections. Reasonable agreement has been found with the measured angular distributions of Gehenn and Reichert and Kleweret al., respectively, in contrast to the existing calculations of Fink and Yates, Walker and McCarthyet al.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of food science 18 (1953), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1750-3841
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of food science 25 (1960), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1750-3841
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of food science 22 (1957), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1750-3841
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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