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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Detection of the liquid — liquid demixing by differential scanning calorimetry (1983)
    Springer
    Polymer bulletin 10 (1983), S. 458-463 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-2449
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Summary From theoretical considerations it is concluded that the demixing temperatures of moderately concentrated polymer solutions should manifest themselves in a change of the slope of the corresponding DSC trace; the effects are expected to suffice for detection by means of the commercially available dual furnace instrument DSC-2C from Perkin-Elmer. Measurements with 17 mg samples (10 wt.% poly(decyl methacrylate) in iso-octane, lower critical solution temperature) and with 40 mg samples (10 wt.% polystyrene in tert. butyl acetate, upper and lower critical solution temperature) corroborate the above considerations. Since the effects are rather small, special care must be taken to exclude artifacts.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00262190
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Phase diagrams calculated for flowing polymer solutions: spinodal and three phase conditions (1998)
    Springer
    Polymer bulletin 40 (1998), S. 353-360 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-2449
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract. Spinodal lines and critical points (CPs) are calculated for flowing solutions of polystyrene in trans-decalin. Three types of CPs can be distinguished: The first consists of stable CPs (ordinary critical line) and originates from the CP of the quiescent system. The other two CPs are bound to shear. Additional stable CPs (extraordinary critical line) result for higher polymer concentrations and unstable CPs for intermediate concentrations. Ordinary and unstable critical line merge in a heterogeneous double CP. The coexistence of three phases in the flowing system (eulytic points) comes to an end as two of them merge upon an increase in shear rate at a critical end point.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002890050262
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Eine Extrapolationsmethode zur Bestimmung des Löslichkeitsparameter von Polymeren, dargestellt an hand des Polyäthylens (1979)
    Springer
    Colloid & polymer science 257 (1979), S. 1015-1015 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-1536
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01520758
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Book reviews (1987)
    Springer
    Colloid & polymer science 265 (1987), S. 83-88 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-1536
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01422669
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Pressure influences on the viscosity of polymer solutions (1982)
    Springer
    Rheologica acta 21 (1982), S. 505-507 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-1528
    Keywords: Polystyrene solution ; viscosity ; pressure influence
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01534331
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Solidification behavior of the theta system 2-propanol/poly(n-butyl methacrylate) I. Influences of thermoreversible gelation on stationary flow (1994)
    Springer
    Rheologica acta 33 (1994), S. 159-164 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-1528
    Keywords: Zero shear viscosity ; polymer melts ; polymer solutions ; magnetoviscometer ; thermoreversible gelation ; glass transition temperatures ; critical molecular weight ; master curves
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Zero shear viscosities, η0, were determined by means of a magnetoviscometer for melts of poly(n-butyl methacrylate) (M = 8.7 to 450 kg/mol, T =53.5 to 200°C) and for concentrated solutions of the highest molecular weight sample in isopropanol (T = 34.8 to 131.5 °C). Master curves can be constructed in both cases if the reference temperature is set proportional to the gelation temperature of the particular fluid. Special intersegmental interactions (eventually leading to thermoreversible gelation) can above all be felt in η0 (T) and in M c , the critical molecular weight determined in plots of log η0 vs. log M. As the temperature is lowered, the behavior changes from WLF to Arrhenius, and M c declines considerably. The former observation is explained by analogy to the transition from fragile to hard glasses resulting from increased crosslinking. The latter effect can also be rationalized in terms of a physical network reducing the molecular weight that is required for the formation of entanglements.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00437300
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Buchbesprechungen (1981)
    Springer
    Colloid & polymer science 259 (1981), S. 946-954 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-1536
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01524817
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Zur wechselseitigen Löslichkeitsbeeinflussung von Polymeren mit verschiedenen Molekulargewichten, 2. Mitt.: Mischlösungsmittel mit präferentieller Fällungsmitteladsorption durch das Polymere (1970)
    Springer
    Monatshefte für Chemie 101 (1970), S. 57-64 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-4475
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Abstract The cloud-point curve for a solution containing equal amounts of two polystyrene samples of different molecular weight has been compared with the cloud-point curves of the components for the system CHCl3/acetone/polystyrene. In the mixed solvent under investigation the non-solvent is preferentially adsorbed into the interior of the polymer coil. As far as the mutual influence of the polymers on the solubility is concerned the system behaves like the single solvent system cyclohexane-polystyrene. The temperature range covered by the cloud-point curve on the other hand strongly increases with the non-uniformity of the polymer. The variation of the type of the cloud-point curve as compared with single solvents (decrease in the precipitation temperature with increasing polymer concentration over the entire range in the case of the polymolecular samples studied) is explained by the variation of the “effective solvent power” with the polymer concentration. For the sample with a “most probable” molecular weight distribution the critical point coincides with the inflection point of the cloud-point curve. The evaluation of physically significant pair interaction constants from the measured critical concentrations on the basis of theFlory-Huggins theory is not possible; this finding is explained by the fact, that also a structure effect has to be considered.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Für das System CHCl3/Aceton/Polystyrol wurde die Trübungskurve einer Mischung aus gleichen Gewichtsteilen zweier Polystyrole mit verschiedenen Molekulargewichten mit den Trübungskurven der Komponenten verglichen. Das untersuchte Mischlösungsmittel, aus dem die Fällungsmittelkomponente bevorzugt ins Polymerknäuel aufgenommen wird, zeigt eine ähnliche wechselseitige Löslichkeitsbeeinflussung der Polymeren wie das Cyclohexan — Polystyrolsystem (Einkomponentenlösungsmittel). Der Temperaturbereich, über den sich die Trübungskurve erstreckt, nimmt mit steigender Uneinheitlichkeit der Polymeren stark zu. Die Änderung im Typ der Trübungskurve, verglichen mit Einkomponentenlösungsmitteln (Abnahme der Trübungstemperatur für die untersuchten polymolekularen Proben mit steigender Polymerkonzentration über den gesamten Bereich), wird zurückgeführt auf die Änderung der “effektiven Lösungsmittelgüte” mit der Polymerkonzentration. Für die untersuchte Probe mit “wahrscheinlichster” Molekulargewichtsverteilung fällt der kritische Punkt mit dem Wendepunkt der Trübungskurve zusammen. Aus den gemessenen kritischen Konzentrationen können auf der Grundlage derFlory-Huggins-Theorie keine physikalisch sinnvollen Wechselwirkungsparameter berechnet werden; dieser Befund wird auf die Nichtberücksichtigung des Struktureffekts durch die obige Theorie zurückgeführt.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00907525
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Röntgenkleinwinkeluntersuchungen an Lösungen eines Polystyrolpräparates mit enger Molekulargewichtsverteilung (1970)
    Springer
    Monatshefte für Chemie 101 (1970), S. 1462-1470 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-4475
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Abstract Investigations were made of the scattering behaviour of polystyrene in the thermodynamically “bad” solvent cyclohexane between precipitation-temperature andϑ-temperature. At theϑ-point and close to it the behaviour of a statistically coiled chain molecule is found. Belowϑ-temperature an aggregation is beginning. Just above precipitation-temperature the molecular weight corresponds to an entanglement of two chain molecules. Appearance of compact polymer coils could not be noted at this temperature. The influence of the chain crosssection upon the scattering curve is considerable as the crosssection is not much smaller than the persistence length. Nevertheless, the persistence length (a=12.2 Å) may be determined from the transition point between the ranges roughly proportional to 1/(2ϑ)2 and 1/(2ϑ) as the break within the transition range is very distinct on account of the great number of persistence lengths per molecule.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Es wurde das Streuverhalten von Polystyrol im thermodynamisch „schlechten” Lösungsmittel Cyclohexan zwischen Entmischungstemperatur undϑ-Temperatur untersucht. Beim ϑ-Punkt und nahe dabei liegt das Verhalten eines statistisch verknäuelten Fadenmoleküls vor. Unterhalb derϑ-Temperatur beginnt eine Aggregation. Knapp oberhalb der Entmischungstemperatur entspricht das Molekulargewicht etwa einer Verhängung zweier Fadenmoleküle. Ein Auftreten von kompakten Polymerknäueln ist bei dieser Temperatur nicht festzustellen. Der Einfluß des Fadenquerschnitts auf die Streukurve ist beträchtlich, da der Querschnitt nicht viel kleiner als die Persistenzlänge ist. Trotzdem läßt sich die Persistenzlänge (a=12,2 Å) aus dem Übergangspunkt zwischen den etwa 1/(2ϑ)2 und 1/(2ϑ) proportionalen Bereichen bestimmen, da der Knick im Übergangsbereich infolge der großen Anzahl von Persistenzlängen pro Molekül sehr ausgeprägt ist.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00911412
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Untersuchungen über Molekulargewichtsverteilungen von Hochpolymeren, 5. Mitt.: Thermische Styrolpolymerisate bei Verzögerung durch Thymochinon (1964)
    Springer
    Monatshefte für Chemie 95 (1964), S. 508-511 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-4475
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Die Molekulargewichtsverteilung eines in Gegenwart von Thymochinon durch thermische Polymerisation erhaltenen Polystyrols wird untersucht. Es handelt sich um eine “wahrscheinlichste Verteilung”Schulz-Verteilung mit dem Kopplungsgrad 1). Die Verteilung stimmt mit der schon früher aus kinetischen Messungen postulierten zusätzlichen Übertragungswirkung des Thymochinons überein.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00901316
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