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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Thermocapillary migration of bubbles and drops at moderate to large Marangoni number and moderate Reynolds number in reduced gravity (1999)
    Springer
    Experiments in fluids 26 (1999), S. 240-248 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1114
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract  Results from experiments on the thermocapillary migration of air bubbles and Fluorinert drops in a Dow–Corning silicone oil aboard a NASA Space Shuttle mission are presented and discussed. The experiments cover a wider range of Marangoni and Reynolds numbers than that attained in a prior flight experiment. The data are consistent with earlier results, and are compared with theoretical predictions. Large air bubbles were found to deform slightly in shape to oblate spheroids while the deformation of even the largest drops was within the uncertainty of the size measurements.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s003480050285
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Extraction and representation of facts from legal briefs (1990)
    Springer
    Journal of intelligent and robotic systems 3 (1990), S. 167-182 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0409
    Keywords: Legal reasoning ; knowledge representation ; facts extraction
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Computer Science , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract In knowledge-based consultation systems, the quality of the advice rendered depends on the techniques employed to represent the domain knowledge, the explanation generating capabilities, and the control strategies utilized during the consultative advice stage. The ability to understand the problem is more crucial in providing effective consultation. In this work, the emphasis is on understanding and the consequent formulation of a plausible internal representation of legal briefs. The system developed, SIFTER, reads the given input text from a legal practitioner's point of view and retrieves from it those facts that are relevant to the particular type of case on hand. In other words, it uses the domain specific knowledge to identify the type of case and to yank out the necessary information pertaining to the case. The SIFTER generates a noun-phrase processed form of the input which contains pseudo names for the proper-nouns, dates and time-intervals. The verbs in the processed input are used to check whether the case specific events have occurred or not and then the appropriate fact-containing noun-phrases are used to instantiate the relevant legal variables and, hence, to construct an internal representation of the given problem which can then be readily used by the consultative advice stage of a problem solver or analyzer. The implementation has been done in LISP culling the required domain knowledge from the Industrial Dispute Act of India.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00242163
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Electroinitiated polymerization and copolymerization of phenylacetylene (1979)
    Springer
    Polymer bulletin 1 (1979), S. 785-791 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-2449
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Summary A linear conjugated polymer [(C6H5C=CH)] n, with a trans rich, cis-trans copolymer structure results from the electropolymerization of phenylacetylene.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00256280
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Control of repair rates in cold standby systems (1992)
    Springer
    OR spectrum 14 (1992), S. 129-136 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-6304
    Keywords: Reliability ; cold standby ; Zuverlässigkeit ; kalte Redundanz
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Economics
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Untersucht wird die Zuverlässigkeit eines Systems mit kalter Redundanz und Reparaturmöglichkeiten. Ist eine Einheit ausgefallen, dann wird diese mit der Rate μ repariert; falls jedoch bei Ausfall der tätigen Einheit bereits eine andere Einheit repariert wird, dann erhöht sich die Reparaturrate aufβ 〉μ. Die Reparaturrate bleibt während einer Periode mit zufälliger Länge auf diesem höheren Niveau und fällt dann wieder auf das Normalniveau zurück. Nach Abschluß der laufenden Reparatur wird sie ebenfalls wieder zurückgeschaltet. Für den Fall eines Systems mit zwei Einheiten in kalter Redundanz werden einige Operationscharakteristiken explizit berechnet. Dabei wird vorausgesetzt, daß die Lebensdauer der tätigen Einheit entweder eine exponentialverteilte oder eine beliebig verteilte unabhängige Zufallsgröße ist, während die Reparaturdauern exponentialverteilt sind. Schließlich werden Kosten eingeführt und statische Optimalitätsbedingungen hergeleitet.
    Notes: Summary This paper considers the reliability of a redundant system with cold standby and a single repair facility. It introduces some managerial controls and environmental constraints. Normally the repair rate isμ. However, on failure of the online unit the repair rate is geared up to a higher rateβ〉μ, if the repair facility is busy. It will stay at this higher level till the end of a random period or a repair completion, whichever occurs first. Some performance measures for a two unit cold standby system are obtained for the case of exponentially as well as arbitrarily distributed lifetimes, assuming all the other distributions to be exponential. Finally costs are taken into account explicitly and some static optimizations are considered.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01783515
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A fourth order method for a singular two-point boundary value problem (1988)
    Springer
    BIT 28 (1988), S. 88-97 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9125
    Keywords: 65L10
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract Recently, Chawla et al. described a second order finite difference method for the class of singular two-point boundary value problems: $$y'' + (\alpha /x)y' + f(x,y) = 0, 0〈 x〈 1, y'(0) = 0, y(1) = A, \alpha \geqslant 1.$$ No higher order finite difference method has been given so far. In the present paper we give a fourth order finite difference method for all α ≥ 1.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01934697
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Optimal replacement policy for a redundant system (1984)
    Springer
    OR spectrum 6 (1984), S. 47-51 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-6304
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Economics
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Wir untersuchen die Zuverlässigkeit eines Seriensystems ausn Komponenten, bei dem für diei-te Komponentem i − 1 Reserveelemente zur Verfügung stehen. Mit Hilfe der dynamischen Optimierung bestimmen wir die optimale Ersetzungspolitik. Besteht das System aus identischen Paaren, hängt die Entscheidung von der Zahl der intakten Paare ab. Für diesen Fall geben wir beispielhaft einige numerische Ergebnisse.
    Notes: Summary This paper considers the reliability of a system which consists ofn components connected in series, the ithcomponent being supported by (m i − 1) units in parallel and obtains the optimal policy of replacement by dynamic programming. In the case of a system consisting of identical pairs, the decision depends on the number of operable pairs. For this case sample calculations are presented.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01721251
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Significance of logarithmic throwing index: a theoretical approach (1976)
    Springer
    Journal of applied electrochemistry 6 (1976), S. 15-22 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8838
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Abstract An expression for the metal distribution ratio in electroplating systems as a function of the primary current density ratioL in the formM=L [W(1−r)/(1+K)] is derived.W,r andK are three dimensionless parameters related to the current efficiency ratio, the concentration polarization and activation polarization during the metal discharge. The function [W(1−r)/1+K] is compared with 1/A, the logarithmic throwing index empirically determined by Chin. The metal distribution ratio calculated by the use of the above formula is compared with the experimentally observed values. The close agreement between the two within an accuracy of 10% proves the validity of the equation derived. The logarithmic throwing power of electroplating systems is thus confirmed on theoretical grounds.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01058865
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A novel technique for synthesis of silver nanoparticles by laser-liquid interaction (1998)
    Springer
    Journal of materials science 33 (1998), S. 3471-3477 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4803
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract Ultrafine particles of many materials have received much attention over the last few years by researchers because of their unique physical and mechanical properties due to increased surface area to volume ratio. A novel laser–liquid interaction technique has been developed to synthesize silver nanoparticles from inexpensive silver nitrate solution in distilled water. The shape, size distribution, microchemistry and crystal structure of the silver nanoparticles were studied using X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy and electron probe X-ray microanalysis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1013270305004
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles by a Laser–Liquid–Solid Interaction Technique (1998)
    Springer
    Journal of materials synthesis and processing 6 (1998), S. 89-104 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4870
    Keywords: Nanoparticles ; silver ; laser–liquid–solid interaction ; liquid precursor
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract Silver nanoparticles of high chemical homogeneity have been synthesized by a novel laser–liquid–solid interaction technique from a solution composed of silver nitrate, distilled water, ethylene glycol, and diethylene glycol. Rotating nickel, niobium, stainless steel, and ceramic Al2O3 substrates were irradiated using a continuous-wave CO2 laser and Q-switched Nd–YAG laser (λ = 1064 and 532 nm). The silver nanoparticles were characterized using x-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and electron probe x-ray microanalysis (EPMA). The shape of silver particles was dependent on the chemical composition and laser parameters. The synthesis mechanism of silver nanoparticles has been proposed to occur primarily at the laser–liquid–substrate interface by a nucleation and growth mechanism.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1022691302150
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Prediction of fibre strength at the critical length: a simulation theory and experimental verification for bimodally distributed carbon fibre strengths (1993)
    Springer
    Journal of materials science 28 (1993), S. 4489-4496 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4803
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract A computer simulation model of fragment distribution with respect to the fibre strength in a single-filament composite test is developed using the bimodal Weibull statistics. The predictions of the theory are examined with experimental results for AU carbon fibres coated by zirconium-n-propoxide or a zircoaluminate complex. Weibull analysis reveals a bimodal distribution of fibre strengths, in which the fractions of low- and high-strength populations vary with gauge length. It is seen that the simulation results are in good agreement with experimental data if the best fit model of strength distribution is applied. Thus, the use of a bimodal distribution term in the simulation theory yields a predicted strength at the critical length which is in good agreement with the results of extrapolation of experimental data, while the unimodal distribution term leads to overestimation of the strength.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01154961
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