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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The not so simple relationship between seismicity and oil production in the Permian Basin, west Texas (1992)
    Springer
    Pure and applied geophysics 139 (1992), S. 481-506 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9136
    Keywords: Oil fild seismicity ; west Texas earthquakes
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract We have relocated seismicity occurring in the Permian Basin of west Texas between 1975 and 1979 using three-dimensional velocity models constructed from well log information and compared the locations to detailed geological and geophysical models of specific oil fields. The seismicity appears to be related to a variety of causes including migration of naturally occurring overpressured fluids, tectonic activity, reservoir production, and enhanced recovery operations. Many earthquakes may represent a combination of these effects. Although the Permian Basin is the site of numerous oil and gas fields, only a limited number of fields appears to be associated with seismicity. We find that there are similarities in the structural setting in the fields associated with seismicity. Furthermore, fields within the Delaware Basin that are associated with seismicity are located in regions of high vertical and lateral fluid pressure gradients related to an overpressured zone within the Delaware Basin.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00879948
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Visualization and measurements of void fraction in a gas-molten tin multiphase system by X-ray absorption (1998)
    Springer
    Experiments in fluids 25 (1998), S. 61-68 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1114
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract  A technique has been developed to measure void fraction using X-rays in a 10 cm thick pool of molten tin with gas injection at various flow rates. Visualization of the multiphase mixture using high energy X-rays can be performed at imaging rates of 220 fps with 256×256 pixel resolution or at 30 fps with 480×1128 pixel resolution. The images are subsequently processed to obtain two dimensional distributions of the chordal average void fraction in the mixture. The estimated relative uncertainty of the measurement is discussed in detail and shown to be of the order of 10% of the reported value.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s003480050208
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Contribution of landsat imagery to the study of volcanic structures (1982)
    Springer
    Surveys in geophysics 5 (1982), S. 281-293 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0956
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The principal uses of Landsat imagery in volcanological studies are for regional reconnaisance, for the interpretation of large volcanic structures and to facilitate the comparison of structures in different parts of the world. Standard black and white single band prints and standard false colour composites are the cheapest and most readily available forms of Landsat imagery. However, standard Landsat images have a poorer resolution and lower information content than enhanced images. The most generally useful enhancement techniques for volcanic studies have proved to be destriping. contrast stretching and edge enhancement. Enhancement techniques are illustrated with examples of young volcanic structures from the Central Andes. The next few years should see significant advances in satellite remote sensing technology with higher resolution imagery (down to 10–30m) and imagery in a wider range of spectral bands becoming available.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01454019
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Geochronology of upper Tertiary volcanic activity in the Andes of north Chile (1977)
    Springer
    International journal of earth sciences 66 (1977), S. 455-465 
    Details
    ISSN: 1437-3262
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences
    Description / Table of Contents: Abstract 25 new K-Ar data are presented for Upper Cenozoic andesites and ignimbrites from the Andes of north Chile between 20° 30′ S and 22° 30′ S. The original simple volcanic stratigraphy of andesites overlying ignimbrites has been refined. A more complicated stratigraphy, with some andesites predating the ignimbrites, is described. The sequence and timing of volcanic events differ along the length of the north Chilean Andes. Ages of the earliest widespread ignimbrite eruptions range from 21 m. y. to 10 m. y., in different segments of the volcanic chain. The existence of two large acid extrusives of Quaternary age suggests that generation of acid magmas has continued until recently.
    Abstract: Résumé On présente 25 valeurs nouvelles sur l'âge radiométrique des andésites et des ignimbrites du Cénozoïque supérieur des Andes du nord du Chili entre les latitudes 20° 30′ et 22° 30′ S. L'ancienne stratigraphie simplifiée où les andésites surmontent les ignimbrites a été révisée, et remplacée par une stratigraphie plus compliquée où quelques andéseites précèdent les ignimbrites. La succession et la chronologie des éruptions volcaniques diffèrent le long des Andes du nord du Chili. Dans les différentes parties de la chaîne volcanique, l'âge des premières grandes eruptions d'ignimbrites varie entre 21 et 10 M. a. La présence de deux grandes coulées acides d'âge quaternaire permet de supposer que des magmas acides continuent à se former.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung 25 neue K-Ar-Daten von känozoischen Andesiten und Ignimbriten der nordchilenischen Anden zwischen 20° 30′ S und 22° 30′ S werden vorgestellt. Die ursprünglich einfache Stratigraphie — Andesite überlagern Ignimbrite — wurde verfeinert, und eine komplexere Stratigraphie, bei der einige Andesite älter sind als die Ignimbrite, wird beschrieben. Die Reihenfolge und der zeitliche Ablauf vulkanischer Tätigkeit sind in den nordchilenischen Anden komplex. Die ältesten ausgedehnten Ignimbritdecken reichen in den verschiedenen Abschnitten der Vulkanzone von 21 bis 10 Mio. Jahre. Das Vorhandensein von zwei großen sauren quartären Extrusionszyklen läßt vermuten, daß die Bildung von sauren Magmen bis in die Gegenwart andauerte.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01989588
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    An Open-Label Extension Study of Alendronate Treatment in Elderly Women with Osteoporosis (1999)
    Springer
    Calcified tissue international 64 (1999), S. 463-469 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0827
    Keywords: Key words: Alendronate — Treatment — Bone mineral density — Osteoporosis — Elderly women.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Physics
    Notes: Abstract. We have recently reported the results of a 24-month, double-blind, placebo-controlled study in 359 elderly osteoporotic women who were treated with daily oral alendronate (ALN) 1, 2.5, or 5 mg or placebo (PBO). We report the results of a 12-month, open-label, extension study during which 246 patients from the original study were treated with ALN 10 mg/day. Significant increases in lumbar spine bone mineral density (BMD) were observed in patients who had previously received PBO or ALN 1 and 2.5 mg/day for 24 months. Significant gains in trochanter BMD were seen in all treatment groups. Small changes were observed in femoral neck, total body, and forearm BMD during the course of this extension study. In general, the greatest increases in BMD during the open-label extension year occurred in patients who received either PBO or the lower doses of ALN during the previous 2-year blinded study. The frequencies of all categories of upper gastrointestinal adverse experiences (AEs) were less during months 25–36 (open-label extension) than during months 0–24 (original study). In conclusion, treatment with ALN 10 mg/day for 12 months in elderly women with osteoporosis who were previously treated for 24 months with PBO or ALN 1, 2.5, or 5 mg/day increased or maintained BMD of the spine, trochanter, and forearm, and was generally safe and well tolerated, especially in the upper gastrointestinal tract.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002239900634
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Nuclear protrusions in malignant tumours with large abnormal chromosomes: Observations on C-banded preparations (1979)
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular life sciences 35 (1979), S. 899-901 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The appearances are described in 4 human tumours having nuclear protrusions associated with large abnormal chromosomes. In C-banded preparations, chromocentres were seen in the protrusions only where interstitial C-bands were present on the long arm of the abnormal chromosome, providing evidence that the protrusions are indeed formed by the long arms.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01955137
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Origin of calc-alkaline series lavas at Medicine Lake volcano by fractionation, assimilation and mixing: Corrections and clarifications (1983)
    Springer
    Contributions to mineralogy and petrology 82 (1983), S. 407-408 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0967
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00399718
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Assimilation of granite by basaltic magma at Burnt Lava flow, Medicine Lake volcano, northern California: Decoupling of heat and mass transfer (1988)
    Springer
    Contributions to mineralogy and petrology 99 (1988), S. 320-343 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0967
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract At Medicine Lake volcano, California, andesite of the Holocene Burnt Lava flow has been produced by fractional crystallization of parental high alumina basalt (HAB) accompanied by assimilation of granitic crustal material. Burnt Lava contains inclusions of quenched HAB liquid, a potential parent magma of the andesite, highly melted granitic crustal xenoliths, and xenocryst assemblages which provide a record of the fractional crystallization and crustal assimilation process. Samples of granitic crustal material occur as xenoliths in other Holocene and Pleistocene lavas, and these xenoliths are used to constrain geochemical models of the assimilation process. A large amount of assimilation accompanied fractional crystallization to produce the contaminated Burnt lava andesites. Models which assume that assimilation and fractionation occurred simultaneously estimate the ratio of assimilation to fractional crystallization (R) to be 〉1 and best fits to all geochemical data are at an R value of 1.35 at F=0.68. Petrologic evidence, however, indicates that the assimilation process did not involve continuous addition of granitic crust as fractionation occurred. Instead, heat and mass transfer were separated in space and time. During the assimilation process, HAB magma underwent large amounts of fractional crystallization which was not accompanied by significant amounts of assimilation. This fractionation process supplied heat to melt granitic crust. The models proposed to explain the contamination process involve fractionation, replenishment by parental HAB, and mixing of evolved and parental magmas with melted granitic crust.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00375365
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Seed selection by dark-eyed juncos (Junco hyemalis): optimal foraging with nutrient constraints? (1987)
    Springer
    Oecologia 74 (1987), S. 106-111 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1939
    Keywords: Optimal foraging ; Nutrient constraints
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Observations of the foraging behavior of six captive dark-eyed juncos (Junco hyemalis) are used to test the assumptions and predictions of optimal diet choice models (Pyke et al. 1977) that include nutrients (Pulliam 1975). The birds sequentially encountered single seeds of niger thistle (Guizotia abyssinica) and of canary grass (Phalaris canariensis) on an artificial substrate in the laboratory. Niger thistle seeds were preferred by all birds although their profitability in terms of energy intake (J/s) was less than the profitability of canary grass seeds. Of four nutritional components used to calculate profitabilities (mg/s) lipid content was the only characteristic that could explain the junco's seed preference. As predicted by optimal diet theory the probability of consuming niger thistle seeds was independent of seed abundance. However, the consumption of 71–84% rather than 100% of the seeds encountered is not consistent with the prediction of all-or-nothing selection. Canary grass seeds were consumed at a constant rate (no./s) independent of the number of seeds encountered. This consumption pattern invalidates a model that assumes strict maximization. However, it is consistent with the assumption that canary grass seeds contain a nutrient which is required in minimum amounts to meet physiological demands (Pulliam 1975). These experiments emphasize the importance of incorporating nutrients into optimal foraging models and of combining seed preference studies with studies of the metabolic requirements of consumers.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00377353
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A metastatic malignant melanoma with 24 chromosomes (1981)
    Springer
    Human genetics 〈Berlin〉 58 (1981), S. 217-219 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1203
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary A metastatic malignant melanoma in a female aged 45 showed a modal chromosome number of 24. G-banding suggested the following deviations from a haploid complement: trisomy for 1q and disomy for 6p and the whole of chromosome 7.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00278715
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