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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Flexible synthesis of mixed metal oxides illustrated for LiMn2O4 and LiCoO2 (1997)
    Springer
    Journal of applied electrochemistry 27 (1997), S. 543-549 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8838
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Abstract A new dynamic process (DP) for rapid and continuous mixed metal oxide synthesis is illustrated for LiMn2O4 and LiCoO2. The DP synthetic method offers the possibility of producing pure or mixed lithiated metal oxide materials of controlled composition, phase-content, particle size, porosity and morphology. The final metal oxides are made from low-cost reactants; metals, carbonates and acetic acid, and are well suited for industrial scale-up. Characterization includes XRD, SEM, TEM, TGA, BJH (Barrett, Joyner, Halendal), laser beam light diffraction and electrochemical measurements. The DP synthesis method may offer high quality electrode materials (with total pore areas of 76 m2 g−1) to the future battery industry as scale-up is easily adopted.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1018494511418
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Microstructure, microhardness, composition, and corrosive properties of stainless steel 304 II. Low-pressure laser spraying with silicon. (2000)
    Springer
    Applied physics 70 (2000), S. 651-656 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: PACS: 81.15.FG; 81.15.Rs; 81.65.Kn
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract. Clad layers of silicon on a SUS 304 substrate were obtained by low-pressure laser spraying (LPLS) to investigate their microstructure, microhardness, composition, and corrosive properties. When an impinged energy density was adjusted to be 32 to 95 W mm-2, the silicon concentration of the surface of clad layers was estimated as 5 to 8 wt.%. For as-prepared layers, their crystal structure was a single phase of alpha-ferrite with no distinct corrosion resistance, because partially segregated Si atoms along the grain boundaries and inside the grains were selectively dissolved in the etching process. After solution-annealing for 2 h, the corrosion resistance was greatly improved in hydrochloric acid solution.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s003390050009
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Microstructure, microhardness, composition, and corrosive properties of stainless steel 304 I. Laser surface alloying with silicon by beam-oscillating method. (2000)
    Springer
    Applied physics 70 (2000), S. 395-402 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: PACS: 81.15.FG; 61.82.Bg; 81.65.Kn
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract. Laser surface alloying (LSA) with silicon was conducted on austenitic stainless steel 304. Silicon slurry composed of silicon particle of 5 μm in average diameter was made and a uniform layer was supplied on the substrate stainless steel. The surface was melted with beam-oscillated carbon dioxide laser and then LSA layers of 0.4–1.2 mm in thickness were obtained. When an impinged energy density was adjusted to be equal to or lower than 100 W mm−2, LSA layers retained rapidly solidified microstructure with dispersed cracks. In these samples, Fe3Si was detected and the concentration of Si in LSA layer was estimated to be 10.5 wt.% maximum. When the energy density was equal to or greater than 147 W mm−2, cellular grained structure with no crack was formed. No iron silicate was observed and alpha iron content in LSA layers increased. Si concentration within LSA layers was estimated to be 5 to 9 wt.% on average. Crack-free as-deposited samples exhibited no distinct corrosion resistance. The segregation of Si was confirmed along the grain boundaries and inside the grains. The microstructure of these samples changed with solution-annealing and the corrosion resistance was fairly improved with the time period of solution-annealing.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s003390051055
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (FMEA) Over the WWW (2000)
    Springer
    The international journal of advanced manufacturing technology 16 (2000), S. 603-608 
    Details
    ISSN: 1433-3015
    Keywords: Keywords:Design tools; FMEA; Internet/intranet; Web; WWW
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Failure mode and effect analysis (FMEA) is one of the formal techniques for effective product development. Its main purpose is to avoid as many potential failures as possible by identifying them and taking appropriate actions in the early stages of design and development. Stand-alone FMEA software packages are commercially available in the market. They offer limited support for teamwork. This paper proposes to employ the World Wide Web (WWW, web) technology to provide FMEA services on the internet/intranets. Resulting web-based FMEA systems require no installation or maintenance but offer remote and simultaneous access and therefore better teamwork.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001700070051
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Simultaneous measurement of temperature, density and velocity in gas flows by modulated photoluminescence (1989)
    Springer
    Experiments in fluids 8 (1989), S. 199-208 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1114
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract A novel possibility to determine the temperature, density and velocity simultaneously in gas flows by measuring the average value, amplitude of modulation and phase shift of the photoluminescence excited by a temporally or spatially modulated light source is investigated. Time-dependent equations taking the flow, diffusion, excitation and decay into account are solved analytically. Different experimental arrangements are proposed. Measurements of velocity with two components, and temporal and spatial resolutions in the measurements are investigated. Numerical examples are given for N 2with biacetyl as the seed gas. Practical considerations for the measurements and the relation between this method and some existing methods of lifetime measurement are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00195796
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Similarity solution of mixed convection over a horizontal moving plate (1997)
    Springer
    Heat and mass transfer 32 (1997), S. 199-206 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1181
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung  Die Untersuchung bezieht sich auf den Wärme- und Stoffübergang bei Mischkonvektion über einer horizontalen Platte. Durch Anwendung der Translationsgruppen-Theorie auf die Grundgleichungen für Kontinuität, Impuls, Energie- und Diffusion wird gezeigt, daß eine Ähnlichkeitslösung dann existiert, wenn Temperatur und Konzentration an der Wand proportional zu x 4/(7-5n) sind und die Geschwindigkeit der bewegten Platte proportional zu x (3-n)/(7-5n) ist. Somit läßt sich das Problem in Abhängigkeit von Ähnlichkeitsparametern beschreiben. Die Ähnlichkeitsgleichungen wurden numerisch mittels eines Runge/Kutta-Schemas vierter Ordnung gelöst. Die numerischen Resultate für Pr=0.72 und verschiedene Werte der Parameter Sc, K 1, K 2 und K 3 zeigen deren Einfluß auf das Strömungsfeld sowie den Wärme- und Stoffübergang.
    Notes: Abstract  Investigation to the mixed convective heat and mass transfer over a horizontal plate has been carried out. By applying transformation group theory to analysis of the governing equations of continuity, momentum, energy and diffusion, we show the existence of similarity solution for the problem provided that the temperature and concentration at the wall are proportional to x 4/(7-5n) and that the moving speed of the plate is proportional to x (3-n)/(7-5n), and further obtain a similarity representation of the problem. The similarity equations have been solved numerically by a fourth-order Runge–Kutta scheme. The numerical results obtained for Pr=0.72 and various values of the parameters Sc, K 1, K 2 and K 3 reveals the influence of the parameters on the flow, heat and mass transfer behavior.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002310050112
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Similarity solution of free convective boundary-layer behavior at a stretching surface (1999)
    Springer
    Heat and mass transfer 35 (1999), S. 191-196 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1181
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract In the present study, free convection and heat transfer behavior of electrically conducting fluid in the boundary layer over a vertical continuously stretching surface is investigated. The effects of free convection, magnetic field, suction/blowing at the surface and the stretching speed of the surface on the flow and heat transfer characteristics are considered. By applying one-parametric group theory to analysis of the problem, a similarity solution is found. The governing equations of continuity, momentum and energy are solved numerically by a fourth-order Runge-Kutta scheme. The numerical results, which are obtained for the flow and heat transfer characteristics, reveal the influences of the parameters.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002310050313
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Thermal Degradation of Cotton Cellulose (1999)
    Springer
    Journal of thermal analysis and calorimetry 55 (1999), S. 93-98 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8943
    Keywords: degradation ; DTA ; flame retardant ; IR ; pyrolysis ; TG
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract The thermal degradation of cotton cellulose treated with chemical mixtures containing P and N was studied by thermal analysis, infrared spectroscopy, Char yield and limiting-oxygen-index (LOI). Our experiments demonstrated the following facts. The temperatures and activation energies of pyrolysis were lower for cotton cellulose treated with flame retardants than those for untreated samples and the values of Char yield and LOI were greater for treated cotton than those for untreated one.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1010132121811
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The relation between microstructure and ionic conductivity of hot-pressed β-Al2O3 (1989)
    Springer
    Journal of materials science 24 (1989), S. 1827-1834 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4803
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract The microstructure variation ofβ-Al2O3 with different compositions during hot-pressing and its effect on ionic conductivity were studied. It is found that, besides the phase composition, the conductivity of hot-pressedβ-Al2O3 materials of the same composition is also related to the measurement direction, microstructure and density. The resistivity in the direction parallel to hot-pressing is about three times higher than that perpendicular to the hot pressing. The pores in the material are particularly detrimental to the ionic conduction. It was observed that the shape of complex impedance plane spectrum changed with measurement temperature and such change was affected by chemical composition and sample preparation condition. This phenomenon is explained successfully with the help of the ideal equivalent circuit of polycrystalline fast ionic conductor and the results of the conductivity measurement of hot-pressedβ-Al2O3.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01105712
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mechanical properties of Al2O3 particle-Y-TZP matrix composite and its toughening mechanism (1993)
    Springer
    Journal of materials science 28 (1993), S. 4019-4022 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4803
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract Dense Al2O3 particle-Y-TZP matrix (Al2O3〈40 vol%) composite was prepared by pressureless sintering at 1550°C. Composites with 10–30 vol% Al2O3 particles showed enhanced fracture toughness, bending strength and Vicker's hardness as compared to single-phase Y-TZP. The highest strength (1150 MPa) and highest toughness (12.4 MPa m1/2) were obtained for the composite containing 10 vol% Al2O3. It was found that, in addition to the contribution by the crack-deflection effect, the enhanced phase transformation from tetragonal to monoclinic during fracture was the main toughening mechanism in operation in the composites.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00351224
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