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  • Springer  (235)
  • 1975-1979  (235)
  • 1945-1949
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  • 1
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    Abstracts (1977)
    Springer
    Details
    Publication Date: 1977-07-01
    Print ISSN: 0364-152X
    Electronic ISSN: 1432-1009
    Topics: Biology , Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Published by Springer
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    PAPER CURRENT
  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The role of nerve cell density in the regulation of bud production in hydra (1978)
    Springer
    Development genes and evolution 184 (1978), S. 95-108 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-041X
    Keywords: Hydra ; Nerve cells ; Cell differentiation ; Budding
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary The role of nerve cell density in the regulation of bud production in hydra was examined. Animals with different rates of bud production were produced by altering the temperature, population density and illumination of their cultures. When the distribution of cell types was examined in animals with different rates of bud production, the density of nerve cells in those animals was found to be correlated with their rate of bud production. Transfer of animals from one environment to another resulted in immediate changes in the rate of differentiation of large interstitial cells into nerve cells. This suggests that the density of nerve cells may play a role in regulating the rate of bud production in hydra.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00848219
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chemical character of return irrigation water in tropical volcanic islands (1975)
    Springer
    Environmental geology 1 (1975), S. 69-73 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0495
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract Unequivocal identification of irrigation return water through routine chemical analyses does not appear possible in tropical volcanic islands. Several constituents, nevertheless, will suggest an agricultural source if they are present in large concentrations. Nitrate is the most useful indicator; background concentrations are generally less than 2 ppm but return irrigation water will commonly have concentrations of between 5 and 50 ppm. Sulfate appears to be the next most useful indicator. Calcium, silica, and bicarbonate have also been reported to be significant. Where detailed studies have been made of agricultural water balances, regional ground-water flow directions, and deep-well hydraulics, hydrochemistry can provide critical supporting data for the identification of return irrigation water which could be a potential ground-water pollutant.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02415533
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Marine diatoms grown in chemostats under silicate or ammonium limitation. III. Cellular chemical composition and morphology of Chaetoceros debilis, Skeletonema costatum, and Thalassiosira gravida (1977)
    Springer
    Marine biology 43 (1977), S. 19-31 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1793
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Three marine diatoms, Skeletonema costatum, Chaetoceros debilis, and Thalassiosira gravida were grown under no limitation and ammonium or silicate limitation or starvation. Changes in cell morphology were documented with photomicrographs of ammonium and silicate-limited and non-limited cells, and correlated with observed changes in chemical composition. Cultures grown under silicate starvation or limitation showed an increase in particulate carbon, nitrogen and phosporus and chlorophyll a per unit cell volume compared to non-limited cells; particulate silica per cell volume decreased. Si-starved cells were different from Si-limited cells in that the former contained more particulate carbon and silica per cell volume. The most sensitive indicator of silicate limitation or starvation was the ratio C:Si, being 3 to 5 times higher than the values for non-limited cells. The ratios Si:chlorophyll a and S:P were lower and N:Si was higher than non-limited cells by a factor of 2 to 3. The other ratios, C:N, C:P, C:chlorophyll a, N:chlorophyll a, P:chlorophyll a and N:P were considered not to be sensitive indicators of silicate limitation or starvation. Chlorophyll a, and particulate nitrogen per unit cell volume decreased under ammonium limitation and starvation. NH4-starved cells contained more chlorophyll a, carbon, nitrogen, silica, and phosphorus per cell volume than NH4-limited cells. N:Si was the most sensitive ratio to ammonium limitation or starvation, being 2 to 3 times lower than non-limited cells. Si:chlorophyll a, P:chlorophyll a and N:P were less sensitive, while the ratios C:N, C:chlorophyll a, N:chlorophyll a, C:Si, C:P and Si:P were the least sensitive. Limited cells had less of the limiting nutrient per unit cell volume than starved cells and more of the non-limiting nutrients (i.e., silica and phosphorus for NH4-limited cells). This suggests that nutrient-limited cells rather than nutrient-starved cells should be used along with non-limited cells to measure the full range of potential change in cellular chemical composition for one species under nutrient limitation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00392568
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The infaunal benthos of a natural oil seep in the Santa Barbara channel (1979)
    Springer
    Marine biology 50 (1979), S. 227-237 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1793
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract We are studying a diverse infaunal benthic community that exists in the fine sand sediments of a shallow (16 m) natural oil seep near Santa Barbara, California, USA. The study area and sampling methods are described in this introductory paper. Data presented indicate the adequacy of sampling in revealing horizontal patchiness and vertical faunal distributions. The infauna of the seep and of a nearby comparison area, without seepage but of similar depth and sediment type, are compared. The data indicate a consistently larger but fluctuating density of organisms at the seep station. However, Shannon-Weaver diversity (H′=1.6 to 1.7), Peilou's evenness (J=0.80 to 0.81), and measures of dominance-diversity with estimates of graphical skewness (0.66 to 0.68) and kurtosis (1.2 to 1.4) are all similar for the two stations. The rank correlation of common species at the stations is significant according to Spearman's rho. Species common to both stations account for 85 to 95% of the individuals, further indicating the high degree of similarity between stations. Denser populations of oligochaetes and the maldanid polychaete Praxillella affinis pacifica suggest some advantages for deposit feeders at the seep station. Mats of the bacterium Beggiatoa sp. are associated with localized intense oil seepage. Hypotheses suggesting trophic enrichment and biochemical adaptation at the seep are presented.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00394204
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Marine diatoms grown in chemostats under silicate or ammonium limitation. II. Transient response of Skeletonema costatum to a single addition of the limiting nutrient (1976)
    Springer
    Marine biology 35 (1976), S. 187-199 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1793
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Skeletonema costatum was grown at different steady-state growth rates in ammonium or silicate-limited chemostats. The culture was perturbed from its steady-state condition by a single addition of the limiting nutrients ammonium or silicate. The transient response was followed by measuring nutrient disappearance of the liliting perturbation experiment indicate that three distinct modes of uptake of the limiting nutrient can be distinguished; surge uptake (V s ), internally controlled uptake (V i ), and externally controlled uptake (V e ). An interpretation of these three modes of uptake is given and their relation to control of uptake of the limiting nutrient is discussed. The uptake rates of the non-limiting nutrients were shown to be depressed during the surge of the uptake of the limiting nutrient. Kinetic uptake parameters, K s and V max, were obtained from data acquired during the externally controlled uptake segment, V e . The same V max value of 0. 12 h-1, was obtained under either silicate or ammonium limitation. Estimates of K s were 0.4 μg-at NH4-N l-1 and 0.7 μg-at Si l-1. Short-term 15N uptake-rate measurements conducted on nitrogen-limited cultures appear to be a combination of V s or V i , or at lower substrate concentrations V s and V e . It is difficult to separate these different uptake modes in batch or tracer experiments, and ensuing problems in interpretation are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00390940
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Distribution and temperature adaptation in the teleost fish genus Gibbonsia (1977)
    Springer
    Marine biology 42 (1977), S. 315-320 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1793
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Along the California coast there are three intertidal species of the genus Gibbonsia (G. elegans, G. metzi, G. montereyensis). These species have distinct but overlapping distributions. Collections were made seasonally from three areas. Each collection was divided into two groups — a critical thermal maximum and minimum were determined for one group and the other group was tested after a 3 week acclimation period. The three species showed genetically different adaptation abilities and these were correlated with species differences in latitudinal distributions. The species that experiences the widest seasonal temperature range proved capable of anticipatory adjustment to temperature while the two experiencing small seasonal changes showed only reactive adjustments. the species with the widest distribution showed the greatest ability to adapt to temperature extremes. After 1 week acclimation all three species demonstrated different mechanisms for heat and cold adaptation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00402193
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The rate of microbial degradation of oil in a beach gravel column (1976)
    Springer
    Microbial ecology 3 (1976), S. 55-64 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-184X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract An automatic, continuous flow respirometer was used to follow the bio-oxidation of a crude oil in a column of fairly coarse beach material. A number of water percolation rates were employed, with and without inorganic nutrient supplementation (nitrate and phosphate). Initially, nutrient supplementation was required to allow significant oxidation rates, but a capacity for biodegradation in the absence of continued supplementation developed slowly. The increase in oxidation rate with nutrient supplementation was in the proportion 0.23 mg oxygen perμmol nitrate. This proportionality was similar to previous results in this laboratory (using different systems), as was the effect of temperature. The mean of two Q10 values in this work was 2.7.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02011453
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ionic and metabolic requirements for the hydroosmotic response to antidiuretic hormone in toad urinary bladder (1978)
    Springer
    The journal of membrane biology 41 (1978), S. 225-234 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1424
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary A study has been conducted to determine the ionic and metabolic requirements for full expression of the hydroosmotic response to antidiuretic hormone in the toad urinary bladder. By appropriate manipulation of incubation conditions it can be shown that there is a pool of serosal sodium necessary for a full hormone response. This serosal sodium pool is not related to the transepithelial sodium transport pool. A full hydroosmotic response also requires serosal potassium; however, no specific anion requirement was demonstrated. Additionally, anaerobic or aerobic metabolism support a full hydroosmotic response equally well.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01870430
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Rate of polymer formation and entropy production during competitive replication (1978)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular evolution 10 (1978), S. 325-338 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1432
    Keywords: Qβ RNA ; Fisher's theorem ; Non-equilibrium thermodynamics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary The rate of increase in the mean polymer formation rate constant during competitive replication byQβ RNA variants (Kramer et al., 1974) has been shown to agree statistically with the variance in their formation rate constants. This result demonstrates that Fisher's fundamental theorem of natural selection (Fisher, 1930) can define time variations in the mean rate of synthesis for a heterogeneous population of replicating polymers. It was also revealed that RNA replication, far from equilibrium, accompanied a progressive decrease in the order of the entropy production derivative, with respect to time, that reached a maximum (with the next higher order being zero). Maximization of entropy at equilibrium, in compliance with the second law of thermodynamics, therefore appears as a natural extension of the earlier non-equilibrium pattern of entropy production within the system. The order of the zero-valued entropy production derivative was shown to be determined by the chemical affinity, and its rate of decrease was specified by the mean polymer formation rate constant.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01734222
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