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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Mathematische Zeitschrift 140 (1974), S. 1-21 
    ISSN: 1432-1823
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    The journal of membrane biology 14 (1973), S. 383-402 
    ISSN: 1432-1424
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary The snake venom toxin, α-bungarotoxin, is known to bind specifically to the acetylcholine receptor at skeletal muscle endplates. In this study, tritiated α-bungarotoxin has been used in conjunction with electron-microscope autoradiography to visualize and enumerate acetylcholine receptor sites at the neuromuscular junctions of the mouse diaphragm. From an analysis of the grain distribution, the receptor sites appear to be located specifically on the postjunctional membrane. The density there is about 8,500/μ2 of membrane surface. For comparison purposes, cholinesterases and related active centers were labeled using [3H] diisopropylfluorophosphate; they were shown to be at this same concentration over the synaptic membranes (or along the cleft). The 1∶1 relationship of the receptors to the cholinesterase type of site, found previously to hold in studies on whole endplates, is also true at the ultrastructural level in this case. In fact, this 1∶1 relationship is believed to be a characteristic of the postsynaptic membranes of endplates in other muscles and other vertebrates. Based on the constant density value thus arrived at, the total surface areas of postsynaptic and of presynaptic membranes are at once obtained from the known total numbers of these sites per endplate, available from previous studies in this laboratory. Examples of such synaptic surface area values are given. These values are only reliable for a given muscle type if the approximate fiber size is defined.
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 74 (1970), S. 283-291 
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Der Aktivitätsverlauf, von sieben Enzymen wurde während der ersten 24 Std der Mikrosklerotienbildung verfolgt. Es handelte sich um die Enzyme: Isocitratdehydrogenase, Glucose-6-Phosphat Dehydrogenase, Glutamat-dehydrogenase, saure Phosphatase, Phosphodiesterase, β-Glucosidase und Histidase. Isocitratdehydrogenase und Glucose-6-Phosphat Dehydrogenase nahmen während dieser Zeit ab, Glutamatdehydrogenase und Phosphodiesterase stiegen auf das 8fache des Ausgangswertes, saure Phosphatase auf das 2fache. β-Glucosidase zeigte ein Aktivitätsmaximum nach ungefähr 15 Std, das aber nach etwa 24 Std wieder bis zu dem Ausgangswert abnahm, während Histidase sich nicht signifikant veränderte. Die Hemmung der Proteinsynthese durch Cycloheximid resultierte zu jedem Zeitpunkt in einer sofortigen Abnahme der Enzymaktivität, während die Inhibition der RNS-Synthese in der ersten Zeit ohne Effekt war, jedoch bei einer Zugabe nach 21 Std nach der Induktion der Spherulation eine ziemlich schnelle Abnahme der Enzymaktivität bewirkte. Versuche, die Enzymaktivitäten zusätzlich zu den schon beobachteten zu induzieren, schlugen fehl.
    Notes: Summary The activities of seven enzymes were studied during the first 24 h of spherule formation (differentiation) in cultures of Physarum polycephalum. These enzymes were: isocitrate dehydrogenase, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, glutamate dehydrogenase, acid phosphatase, phosphodiesterase, β-glucosidase, and histidase. Isocitrate dehydrogenase and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase showed a decrease, glutamate dehydrogenase and phosphodiesterase increased about eight-fold, acid phosphatase about two-fold, β-glucosidase showed an activity peak at about 15 h after starvation which decreased, after 24 h to its original value, and histidase showed no significant activity change during the period. The inhibition of protein synthesis by cycloheximide resulted in a decrease of enzymic activity at all times during the process, whereas the inhibition of RNA synthesis by actinomycin D had no effect during the early stages of spherulation but resulted in a rather rapid decrease of enzymic activity when added 21 h after the initiation of spherule formation. Attempts to induce higher enzymic activities during spherulation above the levels already observed were unsuccessful.
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 96 (1974), S. 1-16 
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Prosthecae were sheared from cells ofAsticcacaulis biprosthecum with a Sorvall omnimixer and purified by centrifugation. Removal of prosthecae resulted in no loss in viability. Purified prosthecae contain protein, carbohydrates and lipids. Certain enzymes that are present in the main body of the cell are also present in prosthecae: malic dehydrogenase (E.C. 1.1.1.37), alkaline phosphatase (E. C. 3.1.3.1), succinic dehydrogenase (E.C. 1.3.99.1), cytochromec reductase (E.C. 1.6.2.a), and cytochromes. Other enzymes present in whole cells are not in prosthecae: isocitric dehydrogenase (E.C. 1.1.1.41), NADH oxidase (E.C. 1.6.99.3), glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (E.C. 1.1.1.49), and lactic dehydrogenase (E.C. 1.1.2.3). Swarmer cells (non-prosthecate) were purified by allowing prosthecate cells to attach to cheesecloth in the growth medium. Envelopes prepared from prosthecae were compared with envelope from swarmer cells. The two envelope fractions differed in the disc-gel electrophoretic patterns of proteins solubilized from them.
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 74 (1970), S. 90-100 
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Der Aktivitätsverlauf von sieben Enzymen wurde in wachsenden Plasmodien von Physarum polycephalum untersucht. Es handelte sich um die Enzyme: Isocitrat-Dehydrogenase, Glucose-6-Phosphat-Dehydrogenase, Glutamat-Dehydrogenase, saure Phosphatase, Phosphodiesterase, β-Glucosidase und Histidase. Sechs dieser Enzyme wiesen einen kontinuierlichen Aktivitätsanstieg während des Mitosecyclus auf; Glutamat-Dehydrogenase zeigte einen stufenförmigen Anstieg etwa 5 Std nach der Kernteilung. Cycloheximid hemmte sofort die Aktivität der Enzyme, während Actinomycin D erst nach Ablauf eines halben Teilungscyclus inhibierend wirkte. Dies deutet auf eine relativ stabile mRNA hin. Versuche, die Aktivität zu induzieren, schlugen fehl.
    Notes: Summary The activity levels of seven enzymes were studied in growing plasmodia of Physarum polycephalum. The enzymes were isocitrate dehydrogenase, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, glutamate dehydrogenase, acid phosphatase, phosphodiesterase, β-glucosidase, and histidase. Six of the enzymes showed a continuous increase in activity during the mitotic cycle; glutamate dehydrogenase exhibited a stepwise increase about 5 h after mitosis. Cycloheximide immediately inhibited the activity of all enzymes. Actinomycin D was ineffective in inhibiting enzyme activity until after one mitotic cycle had been completed; this indicates that mRNA was stable for all of these enzymes during the G2 period. Attempts to induce enzyme activity were unsuccessful.
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Cell walls of Schizochytrium aggregatum and Thraustochytrium sp. were mechanically isolated and subjected to chemical analysis. On a dry weight basis the cell walls contain 21–36% carbohydrate and 30–43% protein. The principal sugar (〉95%) of the Schizochytrium wall is l-galactose, while the Thraustochytrium cell wall contains l-galactose, d-galactose and xylose with l-galactose predominating. Ultrastructurally the cell walls of both organisms consist of a laminated structure which yields thin, flexible, nearly circular scales (0.5–1.1 μ in diameter) upon sonic disintegration. Structures presumed to be developing wall scales are found within cisternae of the Golgi apparatus in both organisms. The chemical composition and method of formation of the cell wall in these two protists is distinctly different from that found in the Saprolegniales (Oomycetes), the group with which these organisms have hitherto been aligned.
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Strength of materials 2 (1970), S. 169-172 
    ISSN: 1573-9325
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Strength of materials 4 (1972), S. 224-226 
    ISSN: 1573-9325
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
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  • 9
    ISSN: 1615-6102
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Electron microscopic observations of vegetative cell division inLabyrinthula indicate that the specialized invaginations of the cell surface called bothrosomes arisede novo between newly divided daughter cells and function in the production of the membrane-bound extracellular matrix or slimeways. Protocentrioles are formed before each division and persist through cell separation but are not found in interphase cells. Cytokinesis begins after the completion of mitosis and occurs by vesicle accumulation and fusion, an unusual cytokinetic mechanism reminiscent of zoospore cleavage. Cell elongation after cytokinesis is accompanied by elongation of the Golgi apparatus and the appearance of non-spindle microtubules.
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular life sciences 26 (1970), S. 90-92 
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Immunglobulin IgA wird beim Schwein immunochemisch im Darminhalt und immunofluoreszenzoptisch in der Mukose des gesamten Dünndarms nachgewiesen.
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