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  • Springer  (14)
  • Wiley  (3)
  • Frontiers Media
  • ZBW - Deutsche Zentralbibliothek für Wirtschaftswissenschaften, Leibniz-Informationszentrum Wirtschaft Kiel, Hamburg
  • 1985-1989  (17)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A highly divergedβ1 exon in theDR region of the human MHC: Sequence and evolutionary implications (1987)
    Springer
    Immunogenetics 25 (1987), S. 15-20 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1211
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract TheDR subregion of the human major histocompatibility complex from aDR4 haplotype includes the well-characterizedDR ga ,DR4 β DR(MT3) βandDR βψgenes. In addition, the region between theDR αand the proximalDR(MT3) βgenes contains several copies of conserved DR β -related sequences. These repeated elements, numbered II, III, and IV, include the DR β signal sequence and a region located further upstream. Further examination of these conserved sequences showed that DR β first intron sequences are present at the 3′ ends of these repeats. Progressively longer portions of the DR β first intron are conserved from repeat II to repeat IV, producing a gradient of conservation. The most complete repeat element of repeats II, III, and IV is associated with a loneβ1 exon (DR β1). Upon sequencing, (DR β1). was found to contain several deleterious mutations, indicating that it is nonfunctional. (DR β1). has accumulated a large number of replacement substitutions and mutations at positions which are invariant inβ1 domains from expressedDR βgenes: 77.8% of the nucleotide substitutions were replacement substitutions, and 41.5 % of the amino acids at invariant positions have been altered. Calculations based on these figures suggest thatDR β1 may have become inactive approximately 25 million years ago. There are, however, two histidine residues within a variable region which are unique toDR β1 and theDR4 βgene, suggesting that they represent a gene pair which probably evolved by duplication of a singleDR βchain gene.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00768828
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Structure and expression of HLA-DQ α and -DX α genes: interallelic alternate splicing of the HLA-DQ α gene and functional splicing of the HLA-DX α gene using a retroviral vector (1987)
    Springer
    Immunogenetics 26 (1987), S. 63-73 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1211
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The nucleotide sequences of the two closely related HLA-DQ α and HLA-DX α , genes have been determined. Exons coding for the signal peptide, α2 and transmembrane domains are 94–99% homologous, whereas the α1 exon and the promoter region have diverged as much as or more than introns and the 3′ untranslated region. The promoter regions of both genes contain two short sequences thought to be important for regulation of transcription by γ-interferon. Transfection studies established that the DQ α and DQ β genes encode the HLA-DQ antigen. Transcripts of varying length are produced from different alleles as the result of the use of alternate splice and polyadenylation signals at the 3′ end of the DQ α gene. Thus typing at the DQ α locus can be achieved by Northern blot analysis. No transcript of DX α was detected in B lymphocytes. The DX α gene was accurately spliced when introduced into a retroviral vector, suggesting that the lack of expression of DX α is not due to aberrant splice signals.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00345456
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Noise effects in an electronic model of a single neuron (1989)
    Springer
    Biological cybernetics 61 (1989), S. 211-222 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0770
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Computer Science , Physics
    Notes: Abstract We consider a simple electronic circuit model of a single neuron. The neuron is assumed to be driven by an external signal comprising constant (dc) and random components. In addition, the nonlinearity parameter in the circuit is assumed to fluctuate, thereby giving rise to critical behavior including the onset of hysteresis phenomena even for system parameter values that would not otherwise support such behavior. This “noise-induced critical behavior” is analysed, in the long time limit, through a study of the probability density function describing the neural response.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00198768
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Environmental gradients in northwest freshwater wetlands (1986)
    Springer
    Environmental management 10 (1986), S. 125-134 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1009
    Keywords: Wetlands ; Environmental characteristics ; Boundary definition ; Zonal properties
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Notes: Abstract Wetland environmental characteristics are examined to determine their spatial and temporal relationships. Two very different Oregon freshwater wetlands provided a range of wetland types. Results are evaluated to determine the possible use of environmental characteristics in defining wetlands and their boundaries. Representative physical, hydrological, and edaphic properties were periodically measured in microplots along upland/wetland transects. A multivariate approach is stressed in the data analysis; correlation, cluster analysis, and principal components analyses were used. The results indicate the environmental characteristics change in a quantifiable manner both spatially and temporally. The controlling mechanism is moisture, spatially in terms of the upland/wetland transect and temporally with respect to seasonal response. These changes do not correlate well with vegetation. Several hypotheses are offered as an explanation. Correlation within environmental characteristics is variable but definite patterns are discernible. These data suggest both single and combinations of environmental characteristics that could serve as “keys” in wetland identification and boundary determination. However, before extensive use is made of this information additional long-term monitoring of wetland environmental characteristics will be required.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01866425
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The effect of fluorescent labeling on calcium-induced fusion of fusogenic carrot protoplasts (1986)
    Springer
    Plant cell reports 5 (1986), S. 252-255 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-203X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Various fluorescent compounds — carboxyfluorescein, scopoletin, fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC), rhodamine B isothiocyanate (RITC), rhodamine 123, and rhodamine B ethyl ester — were used to study their effects on calcium-induced fusion of fusogenic carrot (Daucus carota L.) protoplasts. These protoplasts normally fused at a high percentage (50–60%) in response to 10 mM calcium, pH 6.0; however, if cells had been labeled with scopoletin, FITC, or RITC, fusion was greatly reduced. In contrast, labeling with carboxyfluorescein, rhodamine 123, or rhodamine B ethyl ester had no detectable effect on calcium-induced fusion. The two rhodamine dyes are shown to be localized in mitochondria.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00269814
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    3D hydrodynamics and radiative transfer (1988)
    Springer
    Celestial mechanics and dynamical astronomy 45 (1988), S. 85-88 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9478
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract Finite difference codes for the solution of the fully three dimensional equations of hydrodynamics, self-gravitation, and radiative transfer have been developed for use on relatively modest computers. Originally developed to study the collapse and fragmentation of protostellar clouds, this family of codes has been used to study a variety of astrophysical problems, with a particular emphasis on cosmogonical issues.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01228984
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A novel method for monitoring protoplast fusion (1985)
    Springer
    Protoplasma 124 (1985), S. 65-70 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6102
    Keywords: Protoplast ; Fusion ; Fluorescence ; PEG
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Two fluorescent compounds, scopoletin and carboxyfluorescein, have been used to label both tissue culture and leaf mesophyll cells and protoplasts. The compounds localized within the vacuoles of cells in approximately 15 hours. They remained in the vacuole during cell wall digestion, and fluorescence was observable for several hours after protoplast release. A one day pulse of these fluorescent labels had no deleterious effect on the growth of cells or protoplasts. When morphologically indistinguishable protoplasts were labeled and treated with polyethylene glycol, multicolored fluorescent fusion products were observable. These fluorescent labels provide a convenient method for selection of heterokaryon fusion products of whole plant and tissue culture cell protoplasts.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01279724
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The polyphosphoinositides, phosphatidylinositol monophosphate and phosphatidylinositol bisphosphate, are present in nuclei isolated from carrot protoplast (1989)
    Springer
    Protoplasma 151 (1989), S. 62-72 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6102
    Keywords: Phosphatidylinositol ; Lysophosphatidylinositol ; Phosphoinositides ; Nuclei ; Membrane
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Nuclei were isolated from carrot protoplasts and the distribution of [3H]inositol-labeled phospholipids was analyzed by thinlayer chromatography. Phosphatidylinositol (PI), lysophos-phatidylinositol (LPI), phosphatidylinositol monophosphate (PIP), lysophosphatidylinositol monophosphate (LPIP), and phosphatidylinositol bisphosphate (PIP2) were 55.7%, 12.3%, 5.0%, 11.5%, and 3.6% of the respective [3H]inositol-labeled lipids recovered from the nuclear fraction. While both the plasma membrane and nuclear fraction contained polyphosphoinositides, the distribution of the phosphoinositides and the amount of inositol-labeled lipid were distinct. For example, the nuclear fraction had a higher percentage of LPI and PIP2 and less PI and LPIP than the plasma membrane fraction. The amount of [3H]inositol-labeled lipid recovered from the nuclear fraction per mg protein was an order of magnitude lower than that recovered from either the plasma membrane of lower phase fraction isolated by aqueous two-phase partitioning, or from whole cells and protoplasts. In addition, when the ratio of the [3H]inositol-labeled lipid was compared to total [14C]myristate-labeled lipid recovered there was three to ten fold less [3H] relative to [14C] in the nuclear fraction. These data indicate that while the polyphosphoinositides are a relatively high percentage of the inositol lipid in the nuclear fraction, the inositol lipid was only a small portion of the total lipid in the nuclei. Despite this low concentration of inositol lipid, when [γ 32P]-ATP was added to the isolated nuclei,32P-labeled PIP and PIP2 were synthesized. Thus, the carrot nuclei contained PI and PIP kinase as well as the polyphosphoinositides.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01403302
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  • 9
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    3D hydrodynamics and radiative transfer (1988)
    Springer
    Details
    Publication Date: 1988-03-01
    Print ISSN: 0923-2958
    Electronic ISSN: 1572-9478
    Topics: Physics
    Published by Springer
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  • 10
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    Noise effects in an electronic model of a single neuron (1989)
    Springer
    Details
    Publication Date: 1989-07-01
    Print ISSN: 0340-1200
    Electronic ISSN: 1432-0770
    Topics: Biology , Computer Science , Physics
    Published by Springer
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