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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Structure and regulation of the isocitrate lyase gene ICL1 from the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae (1993)
    Springer
    Current genetics 23 (1993), S. 375-381 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0983
    Keywords: Saccharomyces cerevisiae ; Isocitrate lyase ; Gene regulation ; Ethanol induction
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The ICL1 gene encoding the isocitrate lyase from Saccharomyces cerevisiae was cloned and sequenced. A reading frame of 557 amino acids showing significant similarity to isocitrate lyases from seven other species could be identified. Construction of icl1 null mutants led to growth defects on C2 carbon sources while utilization of sugars or C3 substrates remained unaffected. Using an ICL1-lacZ fusion integrated at the ICL1 locus, a more than 200-fold induction of β-galactosidase activity was observed after growth on ethanol when compared with glucose-repressed conditions. A preliminary analysis of the ICL1 upstream region identified a 364-bp fragment necessary and sufficient for this regulatory phenotype. Sequence motifs also present in the upstream regions of co-regulated genes were found within this region.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00312621
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Identification of UAS elements and binding proteins necessary for derepression of Saccharomyces cerevisiae fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase (1992)
    Springer
    Current genetics 22 (1992), S. 363-370 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0983
    Keywords: Saccharomyces cerevisiae ; Fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase ; Glucose repression ; Gene activation ; Gluconeogenesis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase is a key enzyme in gluconeogenesis and the FBP1 gene is not transcribed during growth with glucose. Genetic analysis indicated a positive regulation of FBP1 expression after exhaustion of glucose. By linker-deletion analysis, two upstream activation sites (UAS1 and UAS2) were localized and the respective UAS-binding factors (DAP I and DAP II for derepression activating protein) were identified by gel retardation. UAS1 and UAS2 span about 30 bp each, and are separated by approximately 30 bp. Both UAS sites act synergistically. Although UAS1 showed some similarities to the DNA-binding consensus for the general yeast activator Rap1, competition experiments and DEAE-chromatography proved that DAP I and Rap1 correspond to different proteins. Gel retardation by DAP I depended on carbon sources and did not occur in cells growing logarithmically with glucose, whereas a strong retardation signal was obtained with ethanol-grown cells. The present results suggest that DAP I and DAP II are the final regulatory elements for glucose derepression.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00352437
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Molecular cloning and analysis of the nuclear gene MRP-L6 coding for a putative mitochondrial ribosomal protein from Saccharomyces cerevisiae (1993)
    Springer
    Current genetics 24 (1993), S. 136-140 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0983
    Keywords: Mitochondria ; Ribosomal protein ; Nuclear gene ; pet mutant ; yeast
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The Saccharomyces cerevisiae nuclear gene MRP-L6 was cloned by complementation of the respiratory-deficient mutant pet-ts 2523 with a library of wildtype yeast genomic DNA. The isolated gene was part of a 3.8-kb sequenced DNA fragment containing, in addition to MRP-L6, two unassigned reading frames, ORF1 and ORF2. MRP-L6 codes for a basic protein of 205 amino acids and a molecular mass of 22.8 kDa. The protein exhibits significant sequence similarity to the ribosomal protein L6 of bacteria and chloroplasts. Unlike the corresponding bacterial proteins, however, the MRP-L6 protein (MRP-L6p) contains at its N-terminus a 16 amino-acid leader sequence exhibiting the known characteristics of mitochondrial import signals. Disruption of MRP-L6 leads to the phenotype of a mitochondrial translation-defective, rho-negative yeast mutant. The results are consistent with MRP-L6p representing an essential component of yeast mitochondrial ribosomes. Expression of MRP-L6 was examined, under conditions of glucose repression and derepression, in wild-type cells and in a series of catabolite repression-defective yeast mutants. In most cases, a distinct though small influence of the carbon source on the expression of an MRP-L6/lacZ reporter construct was observed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00324677
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Genetical and RFLP studies at the Mla locus conferring powdery mildew resistance in barley (1993)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 85 (1993), S. 713-718 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Barley ; Multigene family ; Mla locus ; Recombination ; RFLP marker
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary The complex structure of the multigene family at the Mla locus conferring powdery mildew resistance in barley was studied by making diallel crosses between several near-isogenic lines carrying different Mla alleles. The mode of inheritance of the Mla alleles investigated was determined to be dominant for Mla1, Mla6, Mla7 and Mla13 and semidominant for Mla3, Mla12 and Mla20. F1 plants were backcrossed to the susceptible recurrent parent in order to identify susceptible and double-resistant recombinants in the BC1F1 generation. Out of 17605 progenies tested in the BC1F1 generation, two susceptible recombinants, one between Mla1 and Mla12 and one between Mla13 and Mla20 were confirmed. The former was also verified by RFLP analysis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00225010
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    RFLP markers to identify the alleles on the Mla locus conferring powdery mildew resistance in barley (1992)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 84 (1992), S. 330-338 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: RFLP marker ; Barley ; Powdery mildew ; Mla locus
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary To identify the mildew resistance locus Mla in barley with molecular markers, closely linked genomic RFLP clones were selected with the help of near-isogenic lines having the ‘Pallas’ and ‘Siri’ background. Out of 22 polymorphic clones 3 were located around the Mla locus on chromosome 5 with a distance of 5.1 + 2.9 cM (MWG 1H068), 4.2±1.7 cM (MWG 1H060) and 0.7 ± 0.7 cM (MWG 1H036), respectively. The polymorphic clone MWG 1H036 displayed the same RFLP pattern in both ‘Pallas’ and ‘Siri’ near-isogenic lines and in different varieties digested with six restriction enzymes possessing the same mildew resistance gene. The alleles of the Mla locus were grouped in 11 classes according to their specific RFLP patterns; 3 of these groups contain the majority of Mla alleles already used in barley breeding programs in Europe.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00229491
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A review and integrating analysis of Spatially-Variable Control of crop production (1992)
    Springer
    Nutrient cycling in agroecosystems 33 (1992), S. 1-34 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0867
    Keywords: Automatic control ; fertilizer application ; geographic information systems ; sensors ; sitespecific ; spatially-variable ; variability
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract The variability of crops, soils, and pests within crop production fields has led to attempts to understand those variations and to manage crop production accordingly. The rapidly expanding research and development on the management and control of crop production according to in-field variations is reviewed. The various stages and components of this spatially-variable control are classified and presented along with a proposed terminology and notation. Advances in component technologies (sensors, actuators, locators, geostatistics, geographic information systems) and their integration should reduce crop production costs and be environmentally advantageous.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01058007
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of microstructure on optimum heat treatment conditions in metal-matrix composites (1991)
    Springer
    Journal of materials science 26 (1991), S. 3287-3291 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4803
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract It is well known that the microstructure of metal-matrix composite materials is significantly different from that of the unreinforced matrix. Heat treatments which optimized strength values in the matrix therefore, no longer do so in the composite. It is thus beneficial to find these variations in the heat treatment process, and to pinpoint the microstructural mechanisms responsible. It is known that, in addition to a higher dislocation density, the composite also has a very fine grain size and many whisker interfacial nucleation sites. This study has found that the time required for solutionizing appears to be much shorter in the composite primarily due to the very small grain size. It was also observed that artificial ageing was not very effective in the composite since the precipitates nucleated and grew on the whisker interfaces, therefore, only natural ageing was necessary to achieve peak tensile and yield strengths.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01124675
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Strengthening potential of the cubic σ precipitate in Al-Cu-Mg-Si alloys (1994)
    Springer
    Journal of materials science 29 (1994), S. 239-249 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4803
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract An interesting cubic-shaped precipitate was observed in the matrix of a squeeze-cast Al-4.3 wt % Cu-2.0 wt % Mg/SiC composite which was heat-treated to a T7 condition. Although this phase had been observed by a few investigators in the past, it had never been examined in detail until now. This cubic phase generally had an edge length ranging from 30 to 50 nm and existed in volume fractions as high as 3.8%. Theoretical strengthening models predicted this phase to have good potential for precipitate strengthening. In addition, the cubic phase exhibited a low rate of coarsening at temperatures as high as 250 °C; apparently due to its low interfacial energy. Consequently, this cubic precipitate shows potential for increasing the useful temperature range of aluminium alloys and composites and could be of great importance to the aerospace and automotive industries.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00356599
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Nucleation mechanism of the cubic σ phase in squeeze-cast aluminium matrix composites (1994)
    Springer
    Journal of materials science 29 (1994), S. 424-435 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4803
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract An Al-4.3 wt% Cu-2.0 wt% Mg alloy reinforced with 20 vol% reinforcing fibres was examined after a T7 heat treatment. The expected precipitate phase was equilibrium S′ (Al2CuMg), which was confirmed to form in the monolithic alloy. However when this Al-Cu-Mg alloy was squeeze-cast into a fibre preform and given an identical T7 heat treatment a number of other phases also nucleated; these included θ′ (Al2Cu), β′ (Mg2Si) and the cubic σ phase (Al5Cu6Mg2). These additional phases were determined to nucleate and grow rapidly during the water-quench following solution treatment. The existence of excess Si (approximately 0.5 wt%) in the matrix was determined to be responsible for nucleation of these additional phases. This extra Si entered the composite matrix during squeeze-casting through breakdown of an SiO2 layer which existed at the fibre interfaces. During quenching Si clusters rapidly form and provide nucleation sites for the σ and θ′ phases. The Si clusters apparently created a compressive strain in the matrix which attracted a high concentration of small Cu atoms to their interface. The σ phase nucleated in this high-Cu region since, on a localized scale, σ became the equilibrium phase. This type of nucleation process may also explain the enhanced precipitate nucleation which occasionally takes place in other alloy systems when trace amounts of certain elements are added.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01162502
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Pirarubicin (4′-o-tetrahydropyranil-adriamycin) for treatment of advanced breast cancer (1990)
    Springer
    Investigational new drugs 8 (1990), S. 207-210 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0646
    Keywords: pirarubicin ; anthracycline ; breast cancer ; phase II trial
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary In a phase II study, 77 patients with metastatic breast cancer were treated with pirarubicin, 70 mg/m2 iv every 3 weeks. Most of them had received prior hormonal (n = 39) and/or chemotherapeutic drug treatment for advanced disease, including anthracycline-containing regimens in 17. After a median of 5.5 treatment cycles (range 1–14), objective tumor response was seen in 22/71 (31%) evaluable patients (4CR, 18 PR). Stable disease occurred in 34 (48%) patients, whereas the tumor progressed in 15 (21%). Significant hematologic toxicity (WHO grade III–IV) requiring interval and/or dose adjustments was observed in 41 (58%) patients. Other treatment-related side effects were generally mild, and included alopecia in 52 (73%), nausea and/or emesis in 50 (70%), and stomatitis and diarrhea in 3 patients each. There was no treatment-related death, nor was there any evidence of cardiac toxicity thus far. In summary, the early results of this trial suggest that pirarubicin is an active and rather well tolerated drug in pretreated patients with advanced breast cancer.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00177262
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