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  • 1
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Emission of secondary ions from 3d, 4d, and 5d transition metals under chloro-trifluoro-methane CClF3 as reactant gas (1998)
    Springer
    Fresenius' journal of analytical chemistry 361 (1998), S. 433-436 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1130
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Abstract Surface interactions of CClF3 with polycrystalline samples of Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Nb, Mo, Rh, Pd, Ag, Ta, W, Re, Ir, and Pt were investigated by means of moderate dynamic SIMS. As observed with other reactant gases these transition metals in most cases appear to be discernible into “dissociative” and (partial) “molecular” adsorbents. Small signals of oxidic secondary ions which are detectable for residual gas conditions vanished under the action of CClF3. However, due to strong polarization by either of the halogens, the emission of Me2+ ions is enhanced for Ti, V, and Nb.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002160050920
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 2
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Pressure dependence of secondary ion emission from selected 3d, 4d, and 5d transition metals under N2O, NO, and NO2 (1998)
    Springer
    Fresenius' journal of analytical chemistry 362 (1998), S. 249-253 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1130
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Abstract The reactant gas pressure dependence of secondary ion emission from surfaces of polycrystalline Cr, Fe, Co, Mo, Rh, W, Re, and Ir under the action of N2O, NO and NO2 was observed by means of moderate dynamic SIMS. The mass spectra for constant reactant gas pressure indicate the existence of two different groups of transition metals showing either dissociative or partial molecular adsorption behavior. This is confirmed at least above some suitable reactant gas pressure. Besides some special details (Fe/NO; Co/NO) several of the relative secondary ion intensities vs. reactant gas pressure exhibit similar curvature as for O2, thus indicating the NOx gases to be modified sources of oxygen. At higher pressures molecular secondary ions with and without metal atoms come to be appreciable.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002160051068
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 3
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Electromagnetic fission of238U at 600 and 1000 MeV per nucleon (1995)
    Springer
    The European physical journal 353 (1995), S. 197-204 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-601X
    Schlagwort(e): 25.75.+r ; 25.85.-w ; 27.90.+b
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Physik
    Notizen: Abstract Electromagnetic fission of238U projectiles at E/A =600 and 1000 MeV was studied with the ALADIN spectrometer at the heavy-ion synchrotron SIS. Seven different targets (Be, C, Al, Cu, In, Au and U) were used. By considering only those fission events where the two charges added up to 92, most of the nuclear interactions were excluded. The nuclear contributions to the measured fission cross sections were determined by extrapolating from beryllium to the heavier targets with the concept of factorization. The obtained cross sections for electromagnetic fission are well reproduced by extended Weizsäcker-Williams calculations which include E1 and E2 excitations. The asymmetry of the fission fragments' charge distribution gives evidence for the excitation of the double giant-dipole resonance in uranium.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01295898
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  • 4
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Search for charged-particle emission from deuterated palladium foils (1990)
    Springer
    The European physical journal 336 (1990), S. 1-4 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-601X
    Schlagwort(e): 21.40.+d ; 25.10.+s ; 25.45.−z
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Physik
    Notizen: Abstract Results are presented from the search for energetic charged particles possibly emitted from a deuterium loaded palladium electrode in an electrolysis cell. Within the sensitivity of our experimental set-up, we could not find events originating from ‘cold nuclear fusion’ processes. Based on this outcome, an upper limit for the non-observation of CNF of 2.0×10−2s−1 emitted charged particles per cm3(Pd) resp. 1.6×10−24s−1 emitted charged particles per D pair has been deduced.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01904156
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  • 5
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Fission modes in charged-particle induced fission (1990)
    Springer
    The European physical journal 337 (1990), S. 439-446 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-601X
    Schlagwort(e): 25.85.Ge
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Physik
    Notizen: Abstract The population of the three fission modes predicted by Brosa's multi-channel fission model for the uranium region was studied in different fissioning systems. They were produced bombarding232Th and238U targets by light charged particles with energies slightly above the Coulomb barrier. Though the maximum excitation energy of the compound nucleus amounted to about 22 MeV, the influences of various spherical and deformed nuclear shells on the mass and total kinetic energy distributions of fission fragments are still pronounced. The larger variances of the total kinetic energy distributions compared to those of thermal neutron induced fission were explained by temperature dependent fluctuations of the amount and velocity of alteration of the scission point elongation of the fissioning system. From the ratio of these variances the portion of the potential energy dissipated among intrinsic degrees of freedom before scission was deduced for the different fission channels. It was found that the excitation remaining after pre-scission neutron emission is mainly transferred into intrinsic heat and less into pre-scission kinetic energy.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01294981
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  • 6
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Inequalities on convolutions and their application in acceptance sampling (1991)
    Springer
    OR spectrum 13 (1991), S. 153-157 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-6304
    Schlagwort(e): Convolution ; location family ; acceptance sampling ; incomplete prior information ; empirical Bayes ; Faltung ; Lagefamilie ; Annahmekontrolle ; unvollständige Vorinformation ; empirical Bayes
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Mathematik , Wirtschaftswissenschaften
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Zusammenfassung X sei eine Zufallsvariable mit unbekannter VerteilungsfunktionF. Gegeben sei eine Stichprobez 1,...,z n aus den FaltungenF*G 1,...,F*G n vonF mit bekannten VerteilungsfunktionenG 1,...,G n. Gesucht sind Toleranzintervalle fürX bzw. Schätzwerte für ℙ(XεI) zu vorgegebenen IntervallenI. Es werden einfache Ungleichungen bewiesen, die die Schätzung unterer Schranken für die gewünschten Wahrscheinlichkeiten ermöglichen. Eine typische Anwendung in der statistischen Qualitätskontrolle ist die Gewinnung von Vorinformationen über den Ausschußanteil aus der laufenden Prüfung von Losen derselben Produktion.
    Notizen: Summary LetX be a random variable with an unknown distribution functionF. Suppose that we are given a random samplez 1,...,z n from the convolutionsF*G 1,...,F*G n ofF with known distribution functionsG 1,...,G n. We are interested in tolerance intervals forX or in the probability thatX takes values in some intervalI. Simple inequalities are proved, which permit the estimation of lower bounds for the desired probabilities. In a typical application in statistical quality control, prior information on the fraction defective may be obtained from repeated inspection of lots of the same production.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01720149
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  • 7
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Fragmentation of gold projectiles: From evaporation to total disassembly (1991)
    Springer
    The European physical journal 340 (1991), S. 263-270 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-601X
    Schlagwort(e): 25.40.Sc ; 25.70.Np
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Physik
    Notizen: Abstract We have studied the fragmentation of Au projectiles interacting with targets of C, Al and Cu at an incident energy ofE/A=600 MeV. The employed inverse kinematics allowed a nearly complete detection of projectile fragments with chargeZ≧2. The recorded fragmentation events were sorted according to three observables, the multiplicityM lp of light charged particles, the largest atomic numberZ max within an event, and a new observable,Z bound, representing the sum of the atomic numbersZ of all fragments withZ≧2. Using these observables, the impact parameter dependence of the fragmentation process was investigated. For all three targets, a maximum mean multiplicity of 3 to 4 intermediate mass fragments (IMFs) is observed. The corresponding impact parameters range from central collisions for theC target to increasingly peripheral collisions for the heavier targets. It is found that the correlation between the IMF multiplicity andZ bound, extending from evaporation type processes (largeZ bound) to the total disassembly of the projectile (smallZ bound), is independent of the target nucleus. This universal behaviour may suggest an — at least partial — equilibration of the projectile fragment prior to its decay.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01294674
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  • 8
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Model for cryogenic particle detectors with superconducting phase transition thermometers (1995)
    Springer
    Journal of low temperature physics 100 (1995), S. 69-104 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-7357
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Physik
    Notizen: Abstract We present data on a detector composed of an 18 g Si crystal and a superconducting phase transition thermometer which could be operated over a wide temperature range. An energy resolution of 1 ke V (FWHM) has been obtained for 60 keV photons. The signals consist of two components: a fast one and a slow one, with decay times of 1.5 ms and 30–60 ms, respectively. In this paper we present a simple model which takes thermal and non-thermal phonon processes into account and provides a description of the observed temperature dependence of the pulse shape. The fast component, which completely dominates the signal at low temperatures, is due to high-frequency non-thermal phonons being absorbed in the thermometer. Thermalization of these phonons then leads to a temperature rise of the absorber, which causes the slow thermal component. At the highest operating temperatures (T ∼ 80 mK) the amplitude of the slow component is roughly as expected from the heat capacity of the absorber. The strong suppression of the slow component at low temperatures is explained mostly as a consequence of the weak thermal coupling between electrons and phonons in the thermometer at low temperatures.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00753837
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  • 9
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Some applications of thermal analysis to the coordination chemistry (1992)
    Springer
    Journal of thermal analysis and calorimetry 38 (1992), S. 239-253 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8943
    Schlagwort(e): complexes ; coordination chemistry
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Zusammenfassung Das Zersetzung Verhalten der Komplexverbindungen vom Typ C0D2I2 (P = acetylaceton, Benzoylaceton;I = Imidazol oder Derivate) erfolgt stufenweise. Im Falle vonD = Acetylaceton erfolgt zuerst eine Eliminierung von Acetylaceton wärend beiD = Benzoylaceton zuerst ein Heteroligand eine Abspaltung erfährt. Bei einer unsubstituiertenΒ-Position von Nickelacyclen des Typs (bipy)Ni(CH2CH2CH2COO) erfolgt eine thermisch induzierteΒ-Hydrideliminierung unter Ringspaltung und Freisetzung von CO2. Im Gegensatz zur hohen thermischen Stabilität des Trimesityl Aluminium erfahren die Zwischenverbindungen Almes2Cl und AlmesCl2 mit abnehmenden Mesityl- bzw. zunehmenden Chlorgehalt einen wessentlich früheren thermischen Zerfall. Bei zunehmenden Kovalenzgrad ist hier ein Einfluss der veränderten Polarisation anzunehmen. Der thermische Abbau der prinzipiell wasserhaltig kristallisierenden Nickelchelate von alkylsubstituierten Chinolin-8-ol beginnt jeweils mit der Dehydratisierung. In Abhängigkeit von der Kettenlänge und der Position der Substitution am Chinolin schliesst sich der thermische Abbau der Chelatliganden ein- bzw. mehrstufig an.
    Notizen: Abstract The behaviour of complexes of the type MeD2I2 (Me=Co,D = acetylacetone or benzoylacetone,I = imidazole and derivatives in the course of the stepwise thermal degradation is different. In the case ofD = acetylacetone in the first step acetylacetone is split off. At D = benzoylacetone the decomposition starts with the partial elimination of the heterocyclic ligands. InΒ-position unsubstituted nickelacyclic complexes from type (bipy)Ni(CH2CH2CH2COO) decompose by a reductive elimination and separating of CO2 forming a ‘(bipy)Ni’-intermediate. A single reductive decoupling is hindered by blocking up theΒ-position. Opposite to the high thermal stability of the trimesityl aluminium the intermediates Almes2Cl and AlmesCl2 show with decreasing amounts of mesityl groups and increasing content of halogene, respectively, a significant decreasing thermal stability. The thermal degradation of nickelchelates of alkylsubstituted chinolin-8-ol starts with the dehydration followed by a different separation of the ligands as a function of the chain-length and the position of the substituents of the ligands.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02109122
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  • 10
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    An open optimization problem in statistical quality control (1991)
    Springer
    Journal of global optimization 1 (1991), S. 295-303 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2916
    Schlagwort(e): Minimax problems ; acceptance sampling ; incomplete prior information ; generalized moment conditions
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Mathematik
    Notizen: Abstract We ask the experts in global optimization if there is an efficient solution to an optimization problem in acceptance sampling: Here, one often has incomplete prior information about the quality of incoming lots. Given a cost model, a decision rule for the inspection of a lot may then be designed that minimizes the maximum loss compatible with the available information. The resulting minimax problem is sometimes hard to solve, as the loss functions may have several local maxima which vary in an “unpredictable” way with the parameters of the decision rule.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00119937
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