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  • Springer  (890)
  • Wiley  (197)
  • American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
  • 1995-1999  (1,097)
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Year
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    9-(2-Methylphenyl)-3,4,5,6,9,10-hexa- hydroxanthene-1,8(2H,7H)-dione (1999)
    Springer
    Journal of chemical crystallography 29 (1999), S. 759-763 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8854
    Keywords: X-ray diffraction ; xanthenedione ; heterocyclic fused rings
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Several 9-(2-R phenyl)xanthenediones have been synthesized and the x-ray diffraction structure for the 2-methylphenyl derivative (4b) has been determined. This compound crystallizes in the monoclinic system, space group P21/n, with a = 11.729 (3), b = 9.674 (3), c = 14.628 (4) Å, and β = 106.30°. It presents a partially hydrogenated xanthene system in distorted boat conformation for the heterocyclic central ring, and an almost ideal envelope conformation for the outer rings. The aromatic substituent at the ninth position is at 84° in angle with the xanthene system.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1009583417391
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mutational analysis of the MPZ, PMP22 and Cx32 genes in patients of Spanish ancestry with Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease and hereditary neuropathy with liability to pressure palsies (1997)
    Springer
    Human genetics 〈Berlin〉 99 (1997), S. 746-754 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1203
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease (CMT) and hereditary neuropathy with liability to pressure palsies (HNPP) are two inherited peripheral neuropathies. The most prevalent mutations are a reciprocal 1.5-Mb duplication and 1.5-Mb deletion, respectively, at the CMT1A/HNPP locus on chromosome 17p11.2. Point mutations in the coding region of the myelin genes, peripheral myelin protein 22 (PMP22), myelin protein zero (MPZ) or connexin 32 (Cx32) have been reported in CMT patients, including CMT type 1 (CMT1), CMT type 2 (CMT2) and Déjérine-Sottas neuropathy (DS) patients, and only in the coding region of PMP22 in HNPP families lacking a deletion. We have investigated point and small mutations in the MPZ, PMP22 and Cx32 genes in a series of patients of Spanish ancestry: 47 CMT patients without duplications, and 5 HNPP patients without deletions. We found 15 different mutations in 16 CMT patients (34%). Nine different mutations in ten patients were detected in the Cx32 gene, this being the most frequently involved gene in this series, whereas five mutations involved the MPZ gene and only one the PMP22 gene. Six out of nine nucleotide substitutions in the Cx32 gene involved two codons encoding arginine at positions 164 and 183, suggesting that these two codons may constitute two Cx32 regions prone to mutate in the Spanish population. Analysis of HNPP patients revealed a 5′ splicing mutation in intron 1 of the PMP22 gene in a family with autosomal dominance, which confirms allelic heterogeneity in HNPP. Ectopic mRNA analysis on leukocytes suggests that this mutation might behave as a null allele.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004390050442
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of carbon source and pH of the growth medium on spore germination in Phycomyces blakesleeanus (1995)
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 164 (1995), S. 231-234 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Keywords: Key words Spore activation ; Phycomyces ; Carbon source ; pH
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Phycomyces blakesleeanus sporangiospores responded differently to activation by physical and chemical stimuli. Spores that were physically (heat shock) activated or chemically (ammonium acetate) activated germinated and grew at pH 4.5 with the hexoses glucose, fructose, galactose, and N-acetylglucosamine, and with glycerol and amino acids. Under these conditions, physically activated spores showed a lower, although significant growth with the hexoses fructose, galactose, N-acetylglucosamine and with glycerol. On the other hand, physically activated spores incubated at alkaline pH (pH 7.3) required glucose to germinate; a requirement not observed with chemically activated spores, which showed significant growth in the other hexoses tested. Both physically and chemically activated spores incubated at pH 7.3 were unable to germinate and grow with amino acids and glycerol. These results suggest that there are different targets for activation of the spores by physical and chemical treatments. The levels of the fermentative enzymes alcohol dehydrogenase and lactate dehydrogenase and of the oxidative enzyme NAD+-isocitrate dehydrogenase were higher in cells grown at pH 4.5 in medium containing glucose; however, alcohol dehydrogenase and lactate dehydrogenase appear not to be affected by a change in the pH of the growth medium.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002030050259
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cubic CdS thin films studied by spectroscopic ellipsometry (1997)
    Springer
    Journal of materials science 8 (1997), S. 399-403 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-482X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract CdS polycrystalline films were grown onto glass substrates by chemical bath deposition (CBD) and characterized by spectroellipsometry, X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy. The X-ray diffraction patterns of the samples showed the presence of a CdS cubic phase (β-CdS) and of Cd2SiO4 as interfacial material. Using electron diffraction it was possible to index the films as cubic CdS. From effective dielectric function measurements and from reported optical data for the dielectric function of cubic CdS crystals, grown by vapour phase epitaxy, it was possible to fit the experimental data to an effective medium approximation, and to deduce the film thickness, the void fraction and the field screening.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1018555826924
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Retrograde evolution of quartz segregations from the Dos Picos shear zone in the Nevado-Filabride Complex (Betic chains, Spain). Evidence from fluid inclusions and quartz c-axis fabrics (1995)
    Springer
    International journal of earth sciences 84 (1995), S. 175-186 
    Details
    ISSN: 1437-3262
    Keywords: Betic chain ; Shear zones ; Quartz veins ; C-axis fabrics ; Fluid inclusions ; Extensional tectonics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract Synkinematic quartz veins are ubiquitous in the shear zone separating the Veleta unit from the Calar Alto unit in the internal part of the Betic Cordilleras. They have been studied with respect to quartz c-axis fabrics, microstructures and fluid inclusions. Veins were probably generated during syn-metamorphic stacking of the units at P = 500 − 600 MPa and T = 400 − 500°C. Quartz displays two groups of microstructures in the shear zone: (1) older coarse-grained mosaics (CGM) resulting from exaggerated grain growth; and (2) younger fine-grained mosaics (FGM) developed at the expense of the former. The fine-grained mosaics show polygonal granoblastic and elongate mosaic microstructures in general, with ribbon microstructures often found near the boundary of the units. Fluids contained in secondary inclusions vary from high salinity brines to different types of CO2—brine mixtures and low density CO2 fluids. Differences in composition and P-T trapping conditions are indicated for the different types of inclusions. Some fluid inclusions are older than the FGM, whereas others are younger, thus constraining the P- T conditions at which the two microstructural events took place. Fluid inclusion evidence suggests conditions of Pfluid 〉 170 MPa and T ≧ 370−430°C for the CGM and Pfluid ≧ 20−80 MPa and T 〉 340°C for the FGM. The quartz c-axis fabrics dealt with here correspond to the second recrystallization event, as little evidence of older fabrics is preserved in the shear zone. C-axis patterns vary across the shear zone from slightly asymmetrical type I crossed girdles in the hanging wall and footwall to more asymmetrical crossed girdles at the boundary of the units. This indicates a correlative increase in the magnitude of the heterogeneous shear strain in the same direction. Most of the deformation is concentrated at the top of the Veleta unit. The sense of movement is top to the west, in agreement with other kinematic markers. The quartz c-axis fabrics resulted from dynamic recrystallization during simple shear. The retrograde P-T path inferred from fluid inclusion analysis, along with other geological and geochronological evidence, indicates that this deformation is coeval with a reduction in the crustal overburden. Geochronological and stratigraphic data show that the proposed Dos Picos extensional detachment, separating the Calar Alto and Veleta units, took place during the early Miocene, synchronous with the intense thinning of the Nevado-Filábride Complex and of the whole continental crust underlying the Alborán Basin.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00192249
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Influence of Skeletal Site of Origin and Donor Age on Osteoblastic Cell Growth and Differentiation (1999)
    Springer
    Calcified tissue international 64 (1999), S. 280-286 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0827
    Keywords: Key words: Human osteoblastic cells — Skeletal site — Aging.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Physics
    Notes: Abstract. Bone loss with aging may be due, at least in part, to inadequate bone formation. Moreover, the process of bone aging is known to follow a different pattern throughout the skeleton. In this study, we examined the cell proliferation rate (area under the cell growth curve, AUC) and the secretion of C-terminal type I procollagen (PICP), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and osteocalcin (OC) in primary cultures of osteoblastic cells from human trabecular bone. Osteoblastic cells were obtained for 168 donors (100 women and 68 men). Ninety-eight bone samples were obtained from subjects undergoing knee arthroplastia, 52 aged 50–70 years (64 ± 5) and 46 over age 70 (73 ± 2). Another 70 bone samples were obtained from subjects undergoing hip arthroplastia; 51 were 50–70 years old (64 ± 4) and 19 were over 70 (75 ± 5). Osteoblastic cells from the older donors had a lower proliferation rate and OC secretion than those from younger subjects. However, ALP secretion was higher in the former subjects, whereas PICP secretion was unchanged. Osteoblastic cells from hip had a lower proliferation rate than those from knee. PICP secretion was also lower and ALP secretion was higher in the former cells. In age-matched cell cultures, osteoblastic cells from the knee had higher proliferation rate and PICP secretion than osteoblastic cells from the hip. However, ALP secretion was lower in knee osteoblastic cells than those from hip only in the younger group. With aging, ALP secretion was found to increase in knee osteoblactic cells, whereas OC secretion decreased in osteoblastic cell cultures from the hip. Our findings suggest that bone loss with aging may be accounted for, at least in part, by a decreased osteoblastic cell proliferation and an increased osteoblastic maturation. In addition, our data indicate that these changes with aging do not occur similarly at different skeletal sites.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002239900619
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Application of AFLPs to the characterization of grapevine Vitis vinifera L. genetic resources. A case study with accessions from Rioja (Spain) (1998)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 97 (1998), S. 51-59 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Key words Vitis vinifera ; AFLPs ; Cultivar identification ; Clone identification
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract  AFLPs were used to characterize 67 different grapevine accessions from a collection of D.O.Ca. Rioja in Spain. A correct selection of primers and selective nucleotides allowed us to maximize the number of amplified fragments analyzed per reaction yielding an average of 100 per reaction, 49% of which were polymorphic. Based on the presence or absence of amplified fragments for each genotype resulting from a reaction with two primer combinations, we have established the genetic similarity between the different accessions in the collection. These results allowed us to resolve different genotypes maintained under the same name (homonyms) and to identify the same genotype under different names (synonyms) thus permitting the elimination of redundant germplasm. Furthermore, by providing information on more than 50 polymorphic loci per reaction, a few reactions were sufficient to identify distinct AFLP patterns characteristic of specific clones, with different agronomic and organoleptic features, belonging to the same cultivar. The possibility for clonal identification, shown here for grapevines, can have important implications in the protection and management of clonal selections.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001220050866
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Biosynthesis and characterization of poly(β-hydroxybutyrate) produced byBacillus circulans (1996)
    Springer
    Polymer bulletin 37 (1996), S. 429-435 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-2449
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Summary The biosynthesis of poly (β-hydroxybutyrate) (PHB) byBacillus circulans was carried out through cultivation in nutrient broth in a single step. $$\overline {\text{M}} {\text{v}}$$ of polymer fractions soluble in chloroform were close to 2 x 105. IR,1H and13C NMR spectra of the isolated PHB were in agreement with the assumed structure of this poly-β-hydroxyester. NMR spectroscopy pointed out a high percentage of isotactic polymer, while differential scanning calorimetry showed that the PHB was crystalline.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00556801
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Persistent behavior in a phase-shift sequence of periodical biochemical oscillations (1998)
    Springer
    Bulletin of mathematical biology 60 (1998), S. 689-702 
    Details
    ISSN: 1522-9602
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract We present the analysis of a phase-shift sequence obtained from random transitions between periodic solutions of a biochemical dynamical model, formed by a system of three differential equations and which represent an instability-generating multienzymatic mechanism. The phase-shift series was studied in terms of Hurst’s rescaled range analysis. We found that the data were characterized by a Hurst exponent H = 0.69, which was clearly indicative of long-term trends. This result had a high significance level, as was confirmed through Monte Carlo simulations in which the data were scrambled in the series, destroying its original ordering. For these series we obtained a Hurst exponent which was consistent with the expectation of H = 0.5 for a random independent process. This clearly showed that, although the transitions between the periodic solutions were provoked randomly, the stochastic process obtained exhibited long-term persistence. The fractal dimension was also estimated and found to be consistent with the value of the Hurst exponent.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/bulm.1997.0036
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Leishmania infantum Nicolle, 1908 from southern Spain: Characterisation of the strains from human visceral and cutaneous leishmaniasis and from sandflies; with a numerical analysis of the isoenzymatic data (1996)
    Springer
    Systematic parasitology 33 (1996), S. 177-182 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5192
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract This study presents the results of the characterisation of 17 strains ofLeishmania by isoenzyme electrophoresis from a focus of leishmaniasis in southern Spain: two from human visceral leishmaniasis, four from human cutaneous leishmaniasis and 11 from sandflies. The 17 strains are grouped in 6 zymodemes characterised by their variability as regards to the electrophoretic mobility of the enzymes MDH, G6PD, NP and ME. Thus, we confirm the high intraspecific variability ofLeishmania (L.) infantum in a focus of southern Spain, as already suggested by previous studies. Zymodemes GR-15 and GR-17 are also described for the first time in Spain, and they characteristically possess the same relative electrophoretic mobility in the enzyme ME (93). Sixteen zymodemes of theL. infantum complex found in southern Spain were numerically analysed on the basis of the enzymatic profiles of 122Leishmania strains characterised from this area.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01531198
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