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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A comparison of the antihypertensive efficacy and safety of felodipine IV and nifedipine IV in patients with hypertensive crisis or emergency not responding to oral nifedipine (1998)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 54 (1998), S. 295-298 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: Key words Hypertensive crisis ; Nifedipine ; Felodipine
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Objective: A clinical definition of a hypertensive emergency is excessively high blood pressure in the presence of symptoms indicating end organ damage. Equally high blood pressure without symptoms is called a hypertensive crisis. Patients with hypertensive crisis or emergency need prompt, effective, and specific therapy and a controlled reduction of blood pressure. Methods: We performed a randomized, double-blind multi-centre study, to compare the safety, efficacy and tolerability of an intravenous (IV) infusion of two dihydropyridine calcium channel blockers (either nifedipine or felodipine) in 122 patients, of whom 63 were diagnosed as hypertensive emergencies and 59 as hypertensive crisis, who had not reacted adequately (diastolic blood pressure 〈115 mmHg) to 5 mg of nifedipine PO. Results: Both drugs lowered blood pressure adequately in more than 90% of the patients and were well tolerated. Only one patient had to be withdrawn, because of an excessive decrease in blood pressure. Conclusion: Patients with excessively high blood pressure who do not react to oral nifedipine can be treated equally effectively with felodipine and nifedipine IV. Felodipine is easier to handle because of its lack of light sensitivity.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002280050462
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    An experimental assessment of driving forces for drying in hardwoods (1997)
    Springer
    Wood science and technology 31 (1997), S. 415-422 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-5225
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Summary An investigation has been carried out into whether the internal moisture movement inside Australian hardwood timber is best described by a diffusion model with driving forces based on gradients in moisture content or in partial pressure of water vapour. Experimental data from two sets of drying schedules applied to timber from three species of Australian hardwoods (yellow stringybark, spotted gum and ironbark) reported in Langrish et al. (1997) have been used to assess the use of the two driving forces, and the standard error has been used as the criterion for goodness of fit. Moisture-content driving forces have fitted the data better than a model based on vapour-pressure driving forces alone. The use of moisture-content driving forces with diffusion parameters obtained from data from one drying schedule is also better in predicting the drying behaviour with another schedule than vapour-pressure driving forces for yellow stringybark and ironbark. These results may be due to the complexity of the moisture-movement process through timber, with more than one moisture-transport mechanism being active, so that the use of only one driving force for moisture movement is at best only an approximation to the true behaviour.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00702563
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Statistical mechanics and the ontological interpretation (1996)
    Springer
    Foundations of physics 26 (1996), S. 823-846 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9516
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract To complete our ontological interpretation of quantum theory we have to conclude a treatment of quantum statistical mechanics. The basic concepts in the ontological approach are the particle and the wave function. The density matrix cannot play a fundamental role here. Therefore quantum statistical mechanics will require a further statistical distribution over wave functions in addition to the distribution of particles that have a specified wave function. Ultimately the wave function of the universe will he required, but we show that if the universe in not in thermodynamic equilibrium then it can he treated in terms of weakly interacting large scale constituents that are very nearly independent of each other. In this way we obtain the same results as those of the usual approach within the framework of the ontological interpretation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02058636
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    On the role of hidden variables in the fundamental structure of physics (1996)
    Springer
    Foundations of physics 26 (1996), S. 719-786 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9516
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02058632
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A coassociativeC *-quantum group with nonintegral dimensions (1996)
    Springer
    Letters in mathematical physics 38 (1996), S. 437-456 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0530
    Keywords: 81R50 ; Weak Hopf algebras ; multiplicative isometries ; amalgamated crossed products
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract By weakening the counit and antipode axioms of aC *-Hopf algebra and allowing for the coassociative coproduct to be nonunital, we obtain a quantum group, that we call aweak C *-Hopf algebra, which is sufficiently general to describe the symmetries of essentially arbitrary fusion rules. This amounts to generalizing the Baaj-Skandalis multiplicative unitaries to multipicative partial isometries. Every finite-dimensional weakC *-Hopf algebra has a dual which is again a weakC *-Hopf algebra. An explicit example is presented with Lee-Yang fusion rules. We briefly discuss applications to amalgamated crossed products, doubles, and quantum chains.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01815526
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Stimulating ‘green’ technological innovation: An analysis of alternative policy mechanisms (1999)
    Springer
    Policy sciences 32 (1999), S. 13-38 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0891
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Political Science , Economics
    Notes: Abstract As our understanding of human impacts on the environment has increased, it has become clear that we need to move toward a closed-loop industrial society in order to avoid undesirable health and ecosystem consequences. Achievement of this goal depends on radical technological innovation in both products and processes. This paper explores how to design public policy mechanisms to stimulate rather than impede pollution-preventing technological innovation. It begins with a discussion of the role of government in civilian technology development and diffusion. It then sets out six design criteria for policy to promote ‘green’ technology innovation. Based on this set of design criteria, the article assesses the potential and limitations of current U.S. policy approaches to stimulate technological innovation that moves us toward a minimal waste society. The main conclusions of this assessment are as follows. Over the past decade, the U.S. environmental policy system has experienced a variety of reforms and new initiatives, many aimed directly at promoting environmentally-friendly technological change. The strengths of these reforms are to increase the information that the private sector has about the magnitude and cost of their environmental impacts and to allow greater flexibility in the technologies that firms choose to meet environmental regulations and goals. Because of these reforms, firms are likely to undertake technological innovation for the environment in situations with clear short-term economic benefits, i.e. to capture the much heralded win-win potential of environmental regulation. However, these reforms have significant weaknesses as well. Unless policy provides stronger political or economic incentives and clearer signals about future environmental performance requirements, we are unlikely to be able to drive technological innovation in industries where the pay-off is more longterm or uncertain, and thus will make only limited progress toward the goal of a minimal waste society.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1004384913598
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hilbert Space or Gel'fand Triplet. Time-Symmetric or Time-Asymmetric Quantum Mechanics (1999)
    Springer
    International journal of theoretical physics 38 (1999), S. 115-130 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9575
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract Intrinsic microphysical irreversibility is thetime asymmetry observed in exponentially decayingstates. It is described by the semigroup generated bythe Hamiltonian H of the quantum physical system, not by the semigroup generated by a Liouvillian Lwhich describes the irreversibility due to the influenceof an external reservoir or measurement apparatus. Thesemigroup time evolution generated by H is impossible in the Hilbert space (HS) theory, which allowsonly time-symmetric boundary conditions and a unitarygroup time evolution. This leads to problems with decayprobabilities in the HS theory. To overcome these and other problems (nonexistence of Dirac kets)caused by the Lebesgue integrals of the HS, one extendsthe HS to a Gel'fand triplet, which contains not onlyDirac kets, but also generalized eigenvectors of the self-adjoint H with complex eigenvalues(ER – iΓ/2) and a Breit-Wignerenergy distribution. These Gamow statesψG have a time-asymmetric exponentialevolution. One can derive the decay probability of the Gamow state into the decay productsdescribed by Λ from the basic formula of quantummechanics ℘(t) = Tr(|ψG ›‹ψG|Λ), which in HS quantum mechanicsis identically zero. From this result one derives the decay rate ℘(t) and all the standard relations between℘(0), Γ, and the lifetimeτR used in the phenomenology of resonancescattering and decay. In the Born approximation oneobtains Dirac's Golden Rule.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1026681123555
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of hypoxia, simulated ischemia and reoxygenation on the contractile function of human atrial trabeculae (1996)
    Springer
    Molecular and cellular biochemistry 160-161 (1996), S. 143-151 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4919
    Keywords: hypoxia ; simulated ischemia ; reoxygenation ; contractile function ; human atrial trabeculae
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Hypoxia, ischemia and reoxygenation cause contractile dysfunction which will be characterized by the time course of isometric contraction of human atrial trabeculae. Post-rest potentiation (PRP) and postextrastimulatory potentiation (PEP) were elicited to obtain indirect information about the role of the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) in excitation-contraction coupling. As lipid peroxidation could cause SR dysfunction, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) were measured. After 30 min of hypoxia (H) or simulated ischemia (H combined with acidosis-SI), contractile force decreased to 15% and 6%, respectively, of control (p 〈- 0.05), whereas the normalized rate of both contraction and relaxation increased. In group H, rapid reoxygenation produced a recovery of contractile force to about 60%. After post-hypoxic reoxygenation the TBARS concentration was increased. In group SI, rapid reoxygenation and a rather gradual correction of acidosis produced complete recovery of contractile force. PRP and PEP were maintained during H and SI. Particularly post-ischemic reoxygenation caused a marked depression of PRP and partly of PEP. Thus, alteration of SR Ca2+ handling occurs predominantly during reoxygenation rather than during H or SI, probably associated with the damaging effect of increased oxygen radicals. The depression of potentiation occured along with delayed relaxation, temporary increased resting force, mechanical alternans, and spontaneous activity which are further characteristics for SR dysfunction. Thus, for a possibly beneficial effect of low pH during SI combined with its gradual correction during reoxygenation on the recovery of contractile function, developed force should not be the only index.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00240044
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Average daily and annual courses of222Rn concentration in some natural medium (1996)
    Springer
    Journal of radioanalytical and nuclear chemistry 209 (1996), S. 315-323 
    Details
    ISSN: 1588-2780
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Notes: Abstract Simultaneous measurements of the222Rn concentration in the outdoor atmosphere of Bratislava and in the soil air over one year period have been made. Daily and seasonal variations of the222Rn concentration in both media were found. Some attributes of these variations as well as methods of measurements are presented in this work.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02040466
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    An experimental assessment of driving forces for drying in hardwoods (1997)
    Springer
    Wood science and technology 31 (1997), S. 415-422 
    Details
    ISSN: 0043-7719
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Summary An investigation has been carried out into whether the internal moisture movement inside Australian hardwood timber is best described by a diffusion model with driving forces based on gradients in moisture content or in partial pressure of water vapour. Experimental data from two sets of drying schedules applied to timber from three species of Australian hardwoods (yellow stringybark, spotted gum and ironbark) reported in Langrish et al. (1997) have been used to assess the use of the two driving forces, and the standard error has been used as the criterion for goodness of fit. Moisture-content driving forces have fitted the data better than a model based on vapour-pressure driving forces alone. The use of moisture-content driving forces with diffusion parameters obtained from data from one drying schedule is also better in predicting the drying behaviour with another schedule than vapour-pressure driving forces for yellow stringybark and ironbark. These results may be due to the complexity of the moisture-movement process through timber, with more than one moisture-transport mechanism being active, so that the use of only one driving force for moisture movement is at best only an approximation to the true behaviour.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00702563
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