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  • Springer  (38)
  • 2000-2004  (38)
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Sequence and isotope stratigraphy of Late Triassic distal periplatform limestones from the Northern Calcareous Alps (Kälberstein Quarry, Berchtesgaden Hallstatt Zone) (2000)
    Springer
    International journal of earth sciences 89 (2000), S. 108-129 
    Details
    ISSN: 1437-3262
    Keywords: Carbon isotope stratigraphy ; Conodont biostratigraphy ; Sequence stratigraphy ; Early diagenesis ; Oxygen isotopes ; Late Triassic ; Hallstatt ; Limestones ; Northern Calcareous Alps
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s005310050320
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Software development cost estimation approaches — A survey (2000)
    Springer
    Annals of software engineering 10 (2000), S. 177-205 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-7489
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Abstract This paper summarizes several classes of software cost estimation models and techniques: parametric models, expertise‐based techniques, learning‐oriented techniques, dynamics‐based models, regression‐based models, and composite‐Bayesian techniques for integrating expertise‐based and regression‐based models. Experience to date indicates that neural‐net and dynamics‐based techniques are less mature than the other classes of techniques, but that all classes of techniques are challenged by the rapid pace of change in software technology. The primary conclusion is that no single technique is best for all situations, and that a careful comparison of the results of several approaches is most likely to produce realistic estimates.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1018991717352
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Measurement of GEp/GMp via polarization transfer at Q2 = 0.4 GeV /c2 (2001)
    Springer
    The European physical journal 12 (2001), S. 125-127 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-601X
    Keywords: PACS. 25.30.Bf Elastic electron scattering – 13.40.Gp Electromagnetic form factors – 14.20.Dh Protons and neutrons – 24.70.+s Polarization phenomena in reactions
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract. The polarization transfer from longitudinally polarized electrons to protons in the elastic scattering p( e, e' p) has been measured around Q2 = 0.4 (GeV/c)2 with the three-spectrometer facility at the Mainz microtron MAMI. From this polarization transfer the ratio G Ep/(G Mp/μp) has been determined. The ratio is found to be slightly less than unity in agreement with recent results from other laboratories and from the Rosenbluth separation of cross-sections measured with unpolarized electrons.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s100500170046
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Characterization of Satellite DNA Sequences from the Commercially Important Marine Rotifers Brachionus rotundiformis and Brachionus plicatilis (2000)
    Springer
    Marine biotechnology 2 (2000), S. 38-48 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-2236
    Keywords: Key words: rotifers, satellite DNA, PCR, marine aquaculture
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Abstract: This study was initiated to search for species-specific and strain-specific satellite DNA sequences for which oligonucleotide primers could be designed to differentiate between various commercially important strains of the marine monogonont rotifers Brachionus rotundiformis and Brachionus plicatilis. Two unrelated, highly reiterated satellite sequences were cloned and characterized. The eight sequenced monomers from B. rotundiformis and six from B. plicatilis had low intrarepeat variability and were similar in their overall lengths, A + T compositions, and high degrees of repeated motif substructure. However, hybridizations to 19 representative strains, sequence characterizations, and GenBank searches indicated that these two satellites are morphotype-specific and population-specific, respectively, and share little homology to each other or to other characterized sequences in the database. Primer pairs designed for the B. rotundiformis satellite confirmed hybridization specificities on polymerase chain reaction and could serve as a useful molecular diagnostic tool to identify strains belonging to the SS morphotype, which are gaining widespread usage as first feeds for marine fish in commercial production.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s101269900006
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Lipopolysaccharide induces distinct alterations in the microtubule cytoskeleton of monocytes (2000)
    Springer
    Cell biology and toxicology 16 (2000), S. 339-346 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-6822
    Keywords: lipopolysaccharide ; lipid A ; microtubule ; cytoskeleton ; monocytes
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Microtubules are obligate functional elements of almost all eukaryotic cells. They are involved in a broad range of essential cellular functions and structural changes of this system may trigger cell death. Recently, we have reported that lipopolysaccharides inhibitin vitro microtubule formation due to exclusion of microtubule-associated proteins. The distinct epitopes of lipopolysaccharides responsible for these effects and thein vivo relevance of these data are unknown. Therefore, this study was conducted to elucidate the effects of lipid A, the biologically active motif of lipopolysaccharides, on microtubule formationin vitro and to prove whether lipopolysaccharides affect the microtubule architecture of cultured human monocytesin vivo. Despite a dose- and pH-dependent inhibition of microtubule formation by lipopolysaccharides, inhibition of microtubule assembly could be mimicked by lipid A. Near-infrared two-photon microscopy revealed that human peripheral blood monocytes accumulate lipopolysaccharides. A vesicular distribution pattern of lipopolysaccharides within the monocytes was observed. Confocal laser scanning microscopy demonstrated alterations in the microtubule architecture of monocytes after incubation with lipopolysaccharides. Lipid A seems to be responsible for the observed crosstalk between lipopolysaccharides and microtubule proteins. Furthermore, our data indicate that lipopolysaccharides may affect the microtubule architecture in human monocytes after intracellular accumulation directly. Therefore, we conclude, that the microtubule cytoskeleton is an essential intracellular target for sepsis-relevant bacterial components such as lipopolysaccharides.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1026754631964
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Letter to the Editor: Sequence-specific 1H, 13C and 15N resonance assignments of the major cherry allergen Pru a 1 (2000)
    Springer
    Journal of biomolecular NMR 18 (2000), S. 71-72 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5001
    Keywords: heteronuclear NMR ; major cherry allergen ; pathogenesis-related protein ; sequence-specific resonance assignment
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1008357100592
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Spatial heterogeneity of soil respiration and related properties at the plant scale (2000)
    Springer
    Plant and soil 222 (2000), S. 203-214 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Keywords: carbon ; geostatistics ; nitrification potential ; nitrogen ; pH ; root biomass ; soil respiration ; spatial Heterogeneity ; variability scale
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Geostatistical techniques were used to quantify the scale and degree of soil heterogeneity in 2 m2 plots around 9-year-old poplar trees and within a wheat field. Samples were taken during two years, on an unaligned grid, for analysis of soil respiration, C and N content, available P, gravimetric moisture, pH, nitrification potential, and root biomass. Kriged maps of soil respiration, moisture, and C content showed strong spatial structure associated with poplar trees but not with wheat rows. All soil properties showed higher autocorrelation in June than in April. Isopleth patchiness for all variates was less in June. This was associated with lower respiration rates due to lower litter decomposition. From the degree and scale of heterogeneity seen in this study, we conclude that the main causes of soil heterogeneity at this scale (2 m2) are likely to be found at micro scales controlled in part by plant root and plant residue patterns. These must be understood in the evaluation of ecosystem processes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1004757405147
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The effects of anti-hypertensive therapy on the structural, mechanical and metabolic properties of the rat aorta (2000)
    Springer
    Journal of muscle research and cell motility 21 (2000), S. 255-267 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2657
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The vascular system exhibits altered growth, calcium responses and metabolism during hypertension. To relate such changes, we compared histological, tension and metabolic responses in the aorta from 32-week-old spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs), normotensive Wistar–Kyoto (WKY) rats, and SHRs treated with Verapamil (V) and ACE-inhibitor, Trandolapril (T) as well as a combination of the two treatments (C). Vascular hypertrophy was apparent in the SHRs. Contractile responses induced by 50 mmol/l KCl and 2.5 mmol/l Ca2+ were significantly lower in the SHR (64.4 mN/mm2 vs. 49.2 mN/mm2), but an associated increase in Ca2+-sensitivity (EC50 of extracellular Ca2+ (μmol/l): SHR, 456 vs. WKY, 616) normalised tension generating ability. All treatments led to significant decreases in blood pressure, although only T and C treated animals became normotensive with concomitant normalisation of vascular hypertrophy. An increase in oxygen consumption was apparent in the SHR aorta, which was associated with significant differences in the activities of key metabolic enzymes. Anti-hypertensive treatment normalised many of the metabolic parameters, with the C therapy being the most efficacious. We conclude that the treatment of hypertension by combined therapy leads to a better normalisation of structural, contractile, and metabolic parameters in the SHR, than either treatment alone and that metabolic changes with the pathology are resolved with appropriate therapy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1005646614308
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A Generic Design of a Flow-Through Potentiometric Sensor Array (2000)
    Springer
    Microchimica acta 134 (2000), S. 237-243 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-5073
    Keywords: Key words: Flow-through; potentiometric; ion-selective sensor; semi-permeable; micro total analysis systems.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract.  In this paper, a flow-through potentiometric microsensor is described which is based on semi-permeable tubing. The ion selective electrodes proposed are of the liquid membrane type in which a dialysis tube captures the ion selective cocktail. Ion selective sensors and a reference electrode based on the same design were constructed by guiding a 0.3 mm diameter dialysis tube through a cavity precision machined in Perspex®. Commercia lly available ionophore or ion-exchanger cocktails were applied to provide ion selectivity whilst a saturated KCl solution was used in the reference electrode. A number of flow-through microsensors selective to different ions (Na, K, Li, pH) were constructed and tested. Each showed good performance in a broad range of concentrations. Advantages of the proposed approach are the generic technology to make sensors with incorporate d reference electrodes, capable of measuring a wide variety of analytes for which cocktails are readily available and the fact that sub-microliter amounts of sample can be measured. Secondly, in comparison to other sensors applied in microchannels, the impedance of the flow-through sensor is much smaller because of the relatively large sensing surface formed by the tube wall. Moreover, the use of dialysis tubing enables easy integration with a so-called microdialysis probe for in-vivo sampling of the blood stream or subcutaneous tissue.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s006040070043
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Multidimensional Index Structures in Relational Databases (2000)
    Springer
    Journal of intelligent information systems 15 (2000), S. 51-70 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-7675
    Keywords: multidimensional index ; relational database ; similarity search ; range query
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Abstract Efficient query processing is one of the basic needs for data mining algorithms. Clustering algorithms, association rule mining algorithms and OLAP tools all rely on efficient query processors being able to deal with high-dimensional data. Inside such a query processor, multidimensional index structures are used as a basic technique. As the implementation of such an index structure is a difficult and time-consuming task, we propose a new approach to implement an index structure on top of a commercial relational database system. In particular, we map the index structure to a relational database design and simulate the behavior of the index structure using triggers and stored procedures. This can be easily done for a very large class of multidimensional index structures. To demonstrate the feasibility and efficiency, we implemented an X-tree on top of Oracle8. We ran several experiments on large databases and recorded a performance improvement up to a factor of 11.5 compared to a sequential scan of the database.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1008729828172
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