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  • 1
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    Rupture Directivity of the 18 April 2008 Mt. Carmel, Illinois, Earthquake from Modeling of Local Seismic Waveforms (2018)
    Seismological Society of America (SSA)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018
    Description: 〈span〉〈div〉Abstract〈/div〉The 2008 Mw 5.2 Mt. Carmel earthquake is the largest earthquake in the last 50 yrs in southeastern Illinois, near the north termination of the north‐northeast‐trending Wabash Valley fault system (WVFS). The earthquake shows almost pure strike‐slip focal mechanism, but it is still uncertain which nodal plane (NP) is the ruptured fault plane. To resolve the fault plane, we determine rupture directivity of the earthquake via the relative centroid method. We begin with inverting the point‐source solution (strike 297°/dip 84°/rake 1° for NP1, strike 206°/dip 89°/rake 173° for NP2, and centroid depth 16 km) and then determine the relative location between the centroid and hypocenter via regional waveform fitting. Two 〈strong〉M〈/strong〉 4+ aftershocks are used as reference events, and the waveform time shifts of reference events with respect to the 1D velocity model are used to calibrate the path effects. The results show that the Illinois mainshock ruptured to east‐southeast along the 297° NP for about 2–3 km, consistent with relocated aftershock distribution, and we infer that the sinistral causative fault connects the north‐northwest‐trending La Salle anticlinal belt and the north‐northeast‐trending WVFS.〈/span〉
    Print ISSN: 0037-1106
    Electronic ISSN: 1943-3573
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Published by Seismological Society of America (SSA)
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  • 2
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    Resolving Focal Depth in Sparse Network with Local Depth Phase sPL : A Case Study for the 2011 Mineral, Virginia, Earthquake Sequence (2019)
    Seismological Society of America (SSA)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019
    Description: 〈span〉〈div〉Abstract〈/div〉Focal depths of earthquakes help reveal the seismogenic structure and crustal rheology, as well as the rupture nucleation process and coseismic rupture propagation process. In regions with dense seismic network, focal depth can be usually estimated precisely with travel time of 〈span〉Pg〈/span〉 and 〈span〉Sg〈/span〉, which is challenging in the sparse network. In this article, we model the recently proposed local depth phase 〈span〉sPL〈/span〉 to determine the focal depths of the aftershock sequence of the 2011 Virginia earthquake. The depth solutions of 10 〈strong〉M〈/strong〉 2.5+ events are consistent with results determined with dense temporary stations, with a maximum difference less than 1 km and average deviation less than 0.5 km. This study indicates that reliable focal depth can be obtained via modeling 〈span〉sPL〈/span〉 with waveform records from one or a few seismic stations, implying the applicability in sparse network.〈/span〉
    Print ISSN: 0037-1106
    Electronic ISSN: 1943-3573
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Published by Seismological Society of America (SSA)
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  • 3
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    Rapid Seismological Quantification of Source Parameters of the 25 April 2015 Nepal Earthquake (2015)
    Seismological Society of America (SSA)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-10-29
    Description: The 25 April 2015 M w  7.9 Nepal earthquake is used to explore rapid seismological quantification methods to determine point-source parameters (seismic moment, focal mechanism, radiated energy, and source duration) and rupture directivity parameters (fault length and rupture velocity). Given real-time access to global seismic data, useful results can be obtained from W -phase, energy estimation, cut-and-paste, and backprojection analyses within 20–30 min of origin time or even faster if regional data were openly available (which is not the case at present for stations in China and India). This information can augment ground-shaking prediction procedures such as ShakeMap, which is currently provided by the U.S. Geological Survey National Earthquake Information Center. For such procedures to achieve their full potential, open access to calibrated high-quality ground-motion recordings at local, regional, and global stations is critical, and this should be embraced internationally.
    Print ISSN: 0895-0695
    Electronic ISSN: 1938-2057
    Topics: Geosciences
    Published by Seismological Society of America (SSA)
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  • 4
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    Resolving Focal Depth in Sparse Network with Local Depth Phase sPL : A Case Study for the 2011 Mineral, Virginia, Earthquake Sequence (2019)
    Seismological Society of America (SSA)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019
    Description: 〈span〉〈div〉Abstract〈/div〉Focal depths of earthquakes help reveal the seismogenic structure and crustal rheology, as well as the rupture nucleation process and coseismic rupture propagation process. In regions with dense seismic network, focal depth can be usually estimated precisely with travel time of 〈span〉Pg〈/span〉 and 〈span〉Sg〈/span〉, which is challenging in the sparse network. In this article, we model the recently proposed local depth phase 〈span〉sPL〈/span〉 to determine the focal depths of the aftershock sequence of the 2011 Virginia earthquake. The depth solutions of 10 〈strong〉M〈/strong〉 2.5+ events are consistent with results determined with dense temporary stations, with a maximum difference less than 1 km and average deviation less than 0.5 km. This study indicates that reliable focal depth can be obtained via modeling 〈span〉sPL〈/span〉 with waveform records from one or a few seismic stations, implying the applicability in sparse network.〈/span〉
    Print ISSN: 0037-1106
    Electronic ISSN: 1943-3573
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Published by Seismological Society of America (SSA)
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
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  • 5
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    High‐Precision Relocation and Event Discrimination for the 3 September 2017 Underground Nuclear Explosion and Subsequent Seismic Events at the North Korean Test Site (2018)
    Seismological Society of America (SSA)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018
    Description: 〈span〉〈div〉ABSTRACT〈/div〉On 3 September 2017, a strong seismic event occurred at the North Korean nuclear test site near the border between China and North Korea. Using 〈span〉P〈/span〉/〈span〉S〈/span〉‐type spectral ratios calculated from regional seismic data, we identified this event as an explosion. Using a high‐precision relative location method, with the first North Korean nuclear test as the master event, we obtained that the epicenter of this explosion was at 41.3018° N and 129.0696° E with a relative location precision of ∼87  m based on the error ellipse. This explosion was followed by three moderate seismic events, which occurred 8 min after the explosion, on 23 September and 12 October 2017, respectively. The relocation suggests that the first postexplosion event occurred under the same mountain as the nuclear tests, but the other two events were located about 8 km to the northeast of the explosion. Based on their spectral ratios, these postexplosion events are clearly distinguished from the explosions.〈/span〉
    Print ISSN: 0895-0695
    Electronic ISSN: 1938-2057
    Topics: Geosciences
    Published by Seismological Society of America (SSA)
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  • 6
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    Rupture Directivity of the 18 April 2008 Mt. Carmel, Illinois, Earthquake from Modeling of Local Seismic Waveforms (2018)
    Seismological Society of America (SSA)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018
    Description: 〈span〉〈div〉Abstract〈/div〉The 2008 Mw 5.2 Mt. Carmel earthquake is the largest earthquake in the last 50 yrs in southeastern Illinois, near the north termination of the north‐northeast‐trending Wabash Valley fault system (WVFS). The earthquake shows almost pure strike‐slip focal mechanism, but it is still uncertain which nodal plane (NP) is the ruptured fault plane. To resolve the fault plane, we determine rupture directivity of the earthquake via the relative centroid method. We begin with inverting the point‐source solution (strike 297°/dip 84°/rake 1° for NP1, strike 206°/dip 89°/rake 173° for NP2, and centroid depth 16 km) and then determine the relative location between the centroid and hypocenter via regional waveform fitting. Two 〈strong〉M〈/strong〉 4+ aftershocks are used as reference events, and the waveform time shifts of reference events with respect to the 1D velocity model are used to calibrate the path effects. The results show that the Illinois mainshock ruptured to east‐southeast along the 297° NP for about 2–3 km, consistent with relocated aftershock distribution, and we infer that the sinistral causative fault connects the north‐northwest‐trending La Salle anticlinal belt and the north‐northeast‐trending WVFS.〈/span〉
    Print ISSN: 0037-1106
    Electronic ISSN: 1943-3573
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Published by Seismological Society of America (SSA)
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
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    PAPER CURRENT
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