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  • 1
    Publication Date: 2019-12-01
    Description: Ceramic membranes are of great industrial interest in separation processes. They are characterized by high chemical and thermal stabilities and filtration capacity at high temperatures (〉500 °C) in a wide range of pH values. However, the major disadvantage of ceramic membranes is the high-cost of production involving synthetic raw materials, usually alumina and zirconia. In this work, low-cost ceramic membranes were prepared by solid-state reactive firing using a mixture of kaolinite clay and sugarcane bagasse ash. Particle size distribution, thermal, mineralogical, and chemical composition analyses were carried out to study the raw materials. Technological properties and water permeability were investigated in samples fired between 800 and 1000 °C. The filtration efficiency was measured by comparative analyses between the raw water and the filtrate. The mean pore size ranging from 2.5 to 6.0 μm makes the sugarcane bagasse ash derived ceramic membranes suitable for microfiltration processes.
    Print ISSN: 0366-6913
    Electronic ISSN: 1678-4553
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Published by SciELO Brazil
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 2019-01-01
    Description: A mullite/glass composite has been prepared by reactive sintering of a kaolinite clay/mica-rich kaolin waste mixture with 25 wt% waste. Phase composition, microstructure, dielectric and electrical properties of the composite fired at 1400 °C were evaluated by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy and impedance spectroscopy (between 25 and 600 °C in air). The microstructural characterization showed the attainment of dense samples composed of acicular (orthorhombic) mullite (47.6 wt%), glassy phase (50.1 wt%), and residual quartz (2.3 wt%). Electrical conductivity (1.9x10-8 S/cm at 300 °C), dielectric constant (6.7 at 1 MHz, 25 °C) and dielectric loss (0.024 at 1 MHz, 25 °C) results gave evidence that the mullite/glass composite is a promising low-cost material for commercial use in electronics-related applications.
    Print ISSN: 0366-6913
    Electronic ISSN: 1678-4553
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Published by SciELO Brazil
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 2011-09-01
    Description: O fenômeno da expansão por umidade (EPU) resulta da ação da água e seus vapores causando a expansão dos materiais cerâmicos, podendo provocar danos no material e prejudicar sua vida útil. Na literatura existe muita ênfase nos problemas gerados pela EPU e nas tensões resultantes dessa expansão, porém até o presente não há dados relativos ao comportamento mecânico dos materiais cerâmicos após ação da EPU. Trabalhos recentemente desenvolvidos na UFCG tratam especificamente desse problema em blocos cerâmicos de vedação. Inicialmente verificou-se que, no caso de massas cerâmicas para uso em cerâmica vermelha queimadas em diversas temperaturas na faixa de 700 a 1100 ºC, e com a EPU induzida por imersão, fervura e autoclavagem, a EPU tem correlação com o comportamento mecânico dos corpos queimados, observando-se redução no módulo de ruptura à flexão à medida que a EPU aumenta. Trabalhos desenvolvidos com massas para uso em cerâmica vermelha aditivadas com carbonato de cálcio e carbonato de magnésio e queimadas entre 850 e 1000 ºC, evidenciaram o efeito benéfico do carbonato de cálcio na redução da EPU e aumento da resistência à flexão, sendo observada correlação entre EPU e módulo de ruptura à flexão, mas, no entanto, não foi observada correlação entre a EPU e o módulo quando da utilização do carbonato de magnésio. Pesquisas efetuadas com massas para cerâmica vermelha aditivadas com quartzo fino, visando o desenvolvimento de fases vítreas, não mostraram correlações bem definidas entre EPU e módulo de ruptura, sendo observado que adições de 10 e 20% de quartzo melhoram a resistência mecânica dos corpos cerâmicos após autoclavagem e que a adição de 30% de quartzo reduz seu módulo de ruptura.
    Print ISSN: 0366-6913
    Electronic ISSN: 1678-4553
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Published by SciELO Brazil
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