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  • 1
    Publication Date: 2015-06-09
    Description: On 30 October 1930, an M w  5.8 earthquake hit the northern Marche coastal area (central Italy), causing significant damage ( I 0 VIII–IX degree Mercalli–Cancani–Sieberg) along a 40 km stretch of the Adriatic coast between Pesaro and Ancona, centered on the town of Senigallia. This area is characterized by relatively infrequent and moderate-sized earthquakes and by elusive active faults. In spite of the presence of well-known northwest–southeast-trending, northeast-verging fault-propagation folds forming the outer thrusts of the Apennines, the current level of activity, and the kinematics of these coastal structures are still controversial. We present a multidisciplinary analysis of the source of the 30 October 1930 Senigallia earthquake, combining instrumental and macroseismic data and elaborations with available evidence from geological and tectonic investigations. We determine the main seismic parameters of the source, including the earthquake location, its magnitude, and, for the first time, its focal mechanism, providing the first instrumental evidence for thrust faulting along the northern Marche coastal belt. Our findings provide conclusive evidence for the current activity of the northern Marche coastal thrusts. As such they have significant implications for the seismic hazard of the area, a densely populated region that hosts historical heritage, tourism facilities, industrial districts, and key transportation infrastructures. Online Material: Description of method used for moment tensor computation, tables of focal mechanisms and recording stations, and figures of seismic flux and uncertainty maps for macroseismic epicenters.
    Print ISSN: 0037-1106
    Electronic ISSN: 1943-3573
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 2011-02-24
    Description: The largest debris-covered glacier in the Alps (Miage Glacier, western Italian Alps) has been studied to explore the effects of debris-cover extent and depth on the spatial distribution of ground-dwelling arthropods. A multitaxa approach has been used to compare taxa richness and distribution to the functional role (dietary habits) of each taxon along the glacier tongue. Spiders and ground beetles have been studied in detail. Taxa richness declines with distance from the wooded sites (in front of the glacier tongue) to those above the glacier tongue. At each of the supraglacial sites, spiders, ground beetles, aphids, springtails and flies were found. A change in the dominance of the different functional roles was observed along the tongue. Wooded sites are characterised by predatory (e.g. spiders, beetles), detrivore (e.g. springtails and certain flies), phytophagous (e.g. aphids, certain beetles) and parasitoid (e.g. certain wasps) assemblages, whereas at the debris-covered sites, aphids, flies and springtails are likely to be prey for spiders and beetles. The species richness of the predominant predators (spiders and beetles) shows a positive relationship with vegetation cover and debris thickness. Two mutually exclusive spider and ground beetle assemblages were found; one within the debris cover and one within the wooded sites. In our opinion, debris-covered glaciers are acting as a refuge area for the cryophil stenotherm species living at higher altitudes which descend the glacial tongue to lower elevations. A similar hypothesis supports the biogeographical interpretation of the distribution of many boreo-alpine relict species in the Alps. We discuss our results in the light of possible future scenarios which suggest an increase in debris cover with global warming.
    Print ISSN: 0959-6836
    Electronic ISSN: 1477-0911
    Topics: Geography , Geosciences
    Published by Sage
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