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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Investigation of oviposition deterrent in larval frass ofSpodoptera littoralis (Boisd.) (1989)
    Springer
    Journal of chemical ecology 15 (1989), S. 929-938 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1561
    Keywords: Spodoptera littoralis ; Lepidoptera ; Noctuidae ; Egyptian cotton ; leaf worm ; oviposition behavior ; oviposition deterrence ; larval frass
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Previous experiments demonstrated an oviposition-deterring effect of larval frass in the Egyptian cotton leaf worm,Spodoptera littoralis (Boisd.). In this study, females were shown to perceive the oviposition-deterring substance(s) with their antennae. During dark, airtight, and cold (−10 °C) storage, the deterrent was persistent for at least 395 days. On the other hand, larval frass retained its activity for only two days when applied to cotton leaves. The deterrent activity of frass was independent of larval density. Frass of larvae reared at high densities deterred oviposition as well as frass of larvae feeding separately or in small groups. For significant oviposition deterrence, the minimum amount of frass was in the range of 5–10 mg frass per cotton leaf. An acetone extract of larval frass was highly deterrent, in contrast to extracts prepared with water, ethanol, chloroform, or pentane.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01015188
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 2
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    A new atmospheric proxy for sea level variability in the southeastern North Sea: observations and future ensemble projections (2013)
    Springer
    Details
    Publication Date: 2013-09-03
    Print ISSN: 0930-7575
    Electronic ISSN: 1432-0894
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Published by Springer
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    PAPER CURRENT
  • 3
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    Cape Verde Frontal Zone (1991)
    Pergamon Press
    In:  Deep Sea Research Part A: Oceanographic Research Papers, 38 (S1). S505-S530.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-08-05
    Description: The term Cape Verde Frontal Zone is introduced to characterize the southeastern corner of the subtropical gyre circulation in the North Atlantic Ocean far west of the upwelling area off the Mauretanean shelf. Two water mass fronts, one overlying the other, are identified with a quasi-synoptic set of CTD-OZ and nutrient data from November 1986. In the warm water sphere we encounter North and South Atlantic Central Water (NACWISACW) superimposed on extensions of Mediterranean outflow and Antarctic Intermediate Water. The Central Water Boundary, as the separator of NACW from SACW, represents the southeastern side of the Canary/North Equatorial Current system. It acts as a barrier between the well-ventilated, nutrient-poor inner part of the basin-wide circulation of the North Atlantic and the shadow zone with its lowly oxygenated and nutrified cross-equatorial influx. Year-long current meter records, having fluctuations over typical time scales of 5(1`90 days, attest to the highly variable nature of the Cape Verde Frontal Zone. Incidentally, we observe in the data an intrathermocline eddy, called Meddy BIRGIT, which has a double maximum in the vertical salinity structure. Simultaneous Lagrangian observations by RiCHAttDSON et al. (1989, Journal of Physical Oceanography, 19, 371-383) confirm the expected anticyclonic motion of this salt lens, which must have travelled without significant mixing for at least 2500 km from its likely generation region in the Gulf of Cadiz.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
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    PAPER (OCEANREP)
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