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  • PANGAEA  (21)
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  • 1
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    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Pickarski, Nadine; Kwiecien, Ola; Djamali, Morteza; Litt, Thomas (2015): Vegetation and environmental changes during the last interglacial in eastern Anatolia (Turkey): a new high-resolution pollen record from Lake Van. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 435, 145-158, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.palaeo.2015.06.015
    Publication Date: 2023-01-13
    Description: A high-resolution multi-proxy record from Lake Van, eastern Anatolia, derived from a lacustrine sequence cored at the 357 m deep Ahlat Ridge (AR), allows a comprehensive view of paleoclimate and environmental history in the continental Near East during the last interglacial (LI). We combined paleovegetation (pollen), stable oxygen isotope (d18Obulk) and XRF data from the same sedimentary sequence, showing distinct variations during the period from 135 to 110 ka ago leading into and out of full interglacial conditions. The last interglacial plateau, as defined by the presence of thermophilous steppe-forest communities, lasted ca. 13.5 ka, from ~129.1-115.6 ka BP. The detailed palynological sequence at Lake Van documents a vegetation succession with several climatic phases: (I) the Pistacia zone (ca. 131.2-129.1 ka BP) indicates summer dryness and mild winter conditions during the initial warming, (II) the Quercus-Ulmus zone (ca. 129.1-127.2 ka BP) occurred during warm and humid climate conditions with enhanced evaporation, (III) the Carpinus zone (ca. 127.2-124.1 ka BP) suggest increasingly cooler and wetter conditions, and (IV) the expansion of Pinus at ~124.1 ka BP marks the onset of a colder/drier environment that extended into the interval of global ice growth. Pollen data suggest migration of thermophilous trees from refugial areas at the beginning of the last interglacial. Analogous to the current interglacial, the migration documents a time lag between the onset of climatic amelioration and the establishment of an oak steppe-forest, spanning 2.1 ka. Hence, the major difference between the last interglacial compared to the current interglacial (Holocene) is the abundance of Pinus as well as the decrease of deciduous broad-leaved trees, indicating higher continentality during the last interglacial. Finally, our results demonstrate intra-interglacial variability in the low mid-latitudes and suggest a close connection with the high-frequency climate variability recorded in Greenland ice cores.
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 4 datasets
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  • 2
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    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Pickarski, Nadine; Kwiecien, Ola; Langgut, Dafna; Litt, Thomas (2015): Abrupt climate and vegetation variability of eastern Anatolia during the last glacial. Climate of the Past, 11(11), 1491-1505, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-11-1491-2015
    Publication Date: 2023-01-13
    Description: Detailed analyses of the Lake Van pollen, Ca/K ratio and stable oxygen isotope record allow the identification of millennial-scale vegetation and environmental changes in eastern Anatolia throughout the last glacial (~75-15 ka BP). The climate within the last glacial was cold and dry, with low arboreal pollen (AP) levels. The driest and coldest period corresponds to Marine Isotope Stage (MIS) 2 (~28-14.5 ka BP) dominated by the highest values of xerophytic steppe vegetation. Our high-resolution multi proxy record shows rapid expansions and contractions of tree populations that reflects variability in temperature and moisture availability. This rapid vegetation and environmental changes can be linked to the stadial-interstadial pattern of the Dansgaard-Oeschger (DO) events as recorded in the Greenland ice cores. Periods of reduced moisture availability were characterized by enhanced xerophytic species and high terrigenous input from the Lake Van catchment area. Furthermore, comparison with the marine realm reveals that the complex atmosphere-ocean interaction can be explained by the strength and position of the westerlies, which is responsible for the supply of humidity in eastern Anatolia. Influenced by diverse topography of the Lake Van catchment, larger DO interstadials (e.g. DO 19, 17-16, 14, 12 and 8) show the highest expansion of temperate species within the last glacial. However, Heinrich events (HE), characterized by highest concentrations of ice-rafted debris (IRD) in marine sediments, are identified in eastern Anatolia by AP values not lower and high steppe components not more abundant than during DO stadials. In addition, this work is a first attempt to establish a continuous microscopic charcoal record over the last glacial in the Near East, which documents an initial immediate response to millennial-scale climate and environmental variability and enables us to shed light on the history of fire activity during the last glacial.
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 4 datasets
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 2023-04-17
    Description: We illustrate the response of local and regional vegetation, aquatic ecosystem, and fire activity to volcanic eruptions in close connection to prevailing climate conditions. To understand these complex responses, we selected five volcaniclastic depositions in the Lake Van (Turkey) sediments from different interglacial/glacial periods. We analyzed high-resolution pollen data, non-pollen palynomorphs (NPPs), and microscopic charcoal particles (〉20 µm) from annually laminated lacustrine sediments with precise age control, allowing us to quantify recovery time in varve years. This study highlights that the extent and duration of the volcanic event, the thickness of subsequent volcanic deposits, the respective climatic conditions strongly influence the impact on terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems.
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 5 datasets
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  • 4
    Publication Date: 2023-06-27
    Keywords: AGE; Age, comment; Age, maximum/old; Age, minimum/young; COMPCORE; Composite Core; Eastern Anatolian high plateau, Turkey; Lake_Van; Pollen assemblage; Pollen zone; Visual description
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 40 data points
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  • 5
    Publication Date: 2023-06-27
    Keywords: AGE; COMPCORE; Composite Core; DEPTH, sediment/rock; Eastern Anatolian high plateau, Turkey; Lake_Van; Mass spectrometer DeltaPlusXL coupled to a Gasbench II; Sample code/label; δ18O, bulk carbonate
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 98 data points
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  • 6
    Publication Date: 2023-06-27
    Keywords: AGE; Calcium/Potassium ratio; COMPCORE; Composite Core; DEPTH, sediment/rock; Eastern Anatolian high plateau, Turkey; Lake_Van; X-ray fluorescence core scanner (XRF) III, Bremen
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 383 data points
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  • 7
    Publication Date: 2023-06-27
    Keywords: AGE; COMPCORE; Composite Core; DEPTH, sediment/rock; Eastern Anatolian high plateau, Turkey; Lake_Van; Mass spectrometer DeltaPlusXL coupled to a Gasbench II; Sample code/label; δ18O, bulk carbonate
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 400 data points
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  • 8
    Publication Date: 2023-06-27
    Keywords: AGE; Calcium/Potassium ratio; COMPCORE; Composite Core; DEPTH, sediment/rock; Eastern Anatolian high plateau, Turkey; Lake_Van; X-ray fluorescence core scanner (XRF) III, Bremen
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 1772 data points
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  • 9
    Publication Date: 2023-06-27
    Keywords: AGE; Age, comment; Age, maximum/old; Age, minimum/young; COMPCORE; Composite Core; Eastern Anatolian high plateau, Turkey; Lake_Van; Pollen assemblage; Pollen zone; Visual description
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 40 data points
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
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  • 10
    Publication Date: 2023-11-01
    Keywords: Abies; Acer cf. platanoides; AGE; Allium cf. vineale; Alnus cf. glutinosa; Althaea cf. rosa; Androsace; Artemisia; Asteraceae; Betula; Brassicaceae; Bryophyta; Campanulaceae; Cannabaceae; Carpinus; Carpinus betulus; Carpinus orientalis/Ostrya-type; Caryophyllaceae; Centaurea; Centaurea cf. jacea; Centaurea cf. triumfetti; Centaurea cyanus; Cephalaria; Cephalaria cf. alpina; Cerealia-type; Chenopodiaceae; Cistaceae; Cistus; COMPCORE; Composite Core; Corylus; Counting, palynology; Cousinia; Crupina; Cyperaceae; DEPTH, sediment/rock; Dinoflagellates; Dipsacaceae; Dispasium cf.; Eastern Anatolian high plateau, Turkey; Echinops; Ephedra distachya-type; Ephedra fragilis-type; Epilobium; Ericaceae; Euphorbia; Fabaceae; Fagus; Filipendula; Fraxinus; Fraxinus cf. ornus; Fritillaria; Fumaria cf. officinalis; Galeopsis group; Geranium; Haplophyllum; Helianthemum; Helleborus; Helleborus cf. niger; Hippophae cf. rhamnoides; Hypericum; Juglans regia; Juniperus cf. oxycedrus; Lake_Van; Lamiaceae; Legousia; Lemna cf. minor; Liguliflorae; Liliaceae; Limonium; Linum; Linum cf. austriacum; Linum cf. usitatissimum; Mentha; Myriophyllum; Olea; Papaver cf. agremone; Papaver cf. rhoeas; Pediastrum; Pediastrum cf. boryanum; Pediastrum cf. kawraiskyi; Pediastrum cf. simplex; Phillyrea cf. media; Picea; Pinus; Pistacia cf. atlantica; Plantago cf. lanceolata; Plumbaginaceae; Poaceae; Polygonum; Polygonum cf. aviculare; Polygonum cf. cognatum; Polygonum cf. raii; Polypodiaceae; Potamogeton; Prunus; Pustatilla; Quercus, deciduous; Quercus cf. calliprinos; Ranunculus acris; Rhus; Rosaceae; Rubiaceae; Rumex; Rumex aquaticus; Salix; Salvia cf. verticillata; Sample code/label; Sanguisorba minor; Saxifragaceae; Scabiosa; Scabiosa cf. argentea; Sparganium; Stachys; Symphytum; Thalictrum; Tilia; Tubuliflorae; Turgenia cf. latifolia; Ulmus cf. minor; Urticaceae; Urticularia cf. neglecta; Valeriana; Vitis cf. vinifera
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 24920 data points
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