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  • PANGAEA  (101)
  • John Wiley & Sons  (2)
  • Geological Society of America (GSA)
  • American Geophysical Union (AGU)
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  • 1
    Publication Date: 2022-05-25
    Description: Author Posting. © American Geophysical Union, 2013. This article is posted here by permission of American Geophysical Union for personal use, not for redistribution. The definitive version was published in Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems 14 (2013): 3730–3750, doi:10.1002/ggge.20230.
    Description: The Sr/Ca ratio of coral aragonite is used to reconstruct past sea surface temperature (SST). Twenty-one laboratories took part in an interlaboratory study of coral Sr/Ca measurements. Results show interlaboratory bias can be significant, and in the extreme case could result in a range in SST estimates of 7°C. However, most of the data fall within a narrower range and the Porites coral reference material JCp-1 is now characterized well enough to have a certified Sr/Ca value of 8.838 mmol/mol with an expanded uncertainty of 0.089 mmol/mol following International Association of Geoanalysts (IAG) guidelines. This uncertainty, at the 95% confidence level, equates to 1.5°C for SST estimates using Porites, so is approaching fitness for purpose. The comparable median within laboratory error is 〈0.5°C. This difference in uncertainties illustrates the interlaboratory bias component that should be reduced through the use of reference materials like the JCp-1. There are many potential sources contributing to biases in comparative methods but traces of Sr in Ca standards and uncertainties in reference solution composition can account for half of the combined uncertainty. Consensus values that fulfil the requirements to be certified values were also obtained for Mg/Ca in JCp-1 and for Sr/Ca and Mg/Ca ratios in the JCt-1 giant clam reference material. Reference values with variable fitness for purpose have also been obtained for Li/Ca, B/Ca, Ba/Ca, and U/Ca in both reference materials. In future, studies reporting coral element/Ca data should also report the average value obtained for a reference material such as the JCp-1.
    Description: E.C.H. (MARUM Fellowship) and T.F. were supported by the DFG-Research Center/Excellence Cluster ‘‘The Ocean in the Earth System,’’ University of Bremen. HVM was supported by an AINSE Research Fellowship.
    Description: 2014-03-23
    Keywords: Coral Sr/Ca ratios
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Article
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 2022-05-26
    Description: Author Posting. © American Geophysical Union, 2016. This article is posted here by permission of American Geophysical Union for personal use, not for redistribution. The definitive version was published in Paleoceanography 31 (2016): 185–202, doi:10.1002/2015PA002862.
    Description: The intertropical convergence zone and the African monsoon system are highly sensitive to climate forcing at orbital and millennial timescales. Both systems influence the strength and direction of the trade winds along northwest Africa and thus directly impact coastal upwelling. Sediment cores from the northwest African margin record upwelling-related changes in biological productivity connected to changes in regional and hemispheric climate. We present records of 230Th-normalized biogenic opal and Corg fluxes using a meridional transect of four cores from 19°N–31°N along the northwest African margin to examine changes in paleoproductivity since the last glacial maximum. We find large changes in biogenic fluxes synchronous with changes in eolian fluxes calculated using end-member modeling, suggesting that paleoproductivity and dust fluxes were strongly coupled, likely linked by changes in wind strength. Opal and Corg fluxes increase at all sites during Heinrich Stadial 1 and the Younger Dryas, consistent with an overall intensification of the trade winds, and changes in the meridional flux gradient indicate a southward wind shift at these times. Biogenic fluxes were lowest, and the meridional flux gradients were weakest during the African Humid Period when the monsoon was invigorated due to precessional changes, with greater rainfall and weaker trade winds over northwest Africa. These results expand the spatial coverage of previous paleoproxy studies showing similar changes, and they provide support for modeling studies showing changes in wind strength and direction consistent with increased upwelling during abrupt coolings and decreased upwelling during the African Humid Period.
    Description: NSF Grant Numbers: OCE-1103262, OCE-1030784, OCE-0402348; Center for Climate and Life
    Description: 2016-07-23
    Keywords: Opal flux ; African margin ; African Humid Period ; Trade winds ; Abrupt change ; Deglaciation
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Article
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  • 3
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    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Cléroux, Caroline; deMenocal, Peter B; Arbuszewski, Jennifer; Linsley, Braddock K (2013): Reconstructing the upper water column thermal structure in the Atlantic Ocean. Paleoceanography, 28(3), 503-516, https://doi.org/10.1002/palo.20050
    Publication Date: 2023-01-13
    Description: The thermal structure of the upper ocean (0-1000 m) is set by surface heat fluxes, shallow wind-driven circulation, and the deeper thermohaline circulation. Its long-term variability can be reconstructed using deep-dwelling planktonic foraminifera that record subsurface conditions. Here we used six species (Neogloboquadrina dutertrei, Globorotalia tumida, Globorotalia inflata, Globorotalia truncatulinoides, Globorotalia hirsuta, and Globorotalia crassaformis) from 66 core tops along a meridional transect spanning the mid-Atlantic (42°N to 25°S) to develop a method for reconstructing past thermocline conditions. We estimated the calcification depths from d18O measurements and the Mg/Ca-temperature relationships for each species. This systematic strategy over this large latitudinal section reveals distinct populations with different Mg/Ca-temperature relationships for G. inflata, G. truncatulinoides, and G. hirsuta in different areas. The calcification depths do not differ among the different populations, except for G. hirsuta, where the northern population calcifies much shallower than the southern population. N. dutertrei and G. tumida show a remarkably constant calcification depth independent of oceanographic conditions. The deepest dweller, G. crassaformis, apparently calcifies in the oxygen-depleted zone, where it may find refuge from predators and abundant aggregated matter to feed on. We found a good match between its calcification depth and the 3.2 ml/l oxygen level. The results of this multispecies, multiproxy study can now be applied down-core to facilitate the reconstruction of open-ocean thermocline changes in the past.
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 4 datasets
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  • 4
    Publication Date: 2023-05-12
    Keywords: AGE; Age, 14C milieu/reservoir corrected; Age, comment; Age, dated; Age, dated standard deviation; DEPTH, sediment/rock; EW9303-GGC36; GGC; Giant gravity corer
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 30 data points
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  • 5
    Publication Date: 2023-05-12
    Keywords: Kenya; Mass spectrometer Finnigan Delta Plus; n-Alkane C25, δ13C; n-Alkane C25, δ13C, standard deviation; n-Alkane C27, δ13C; n-Alkane C27, δ13C, standard deviation; n-Alkane C29, δ13C; n-Alkane C29, δ13C, standard deviation; n-Alkane C31, δ13C, standard deviation; n-Alkane C32, δ13C; n-Alkane C33, δ13C; n-Alkane C33, δ13C, standard deviation; n-Alkanoic acid C24, δ13C; n-Alkanoic acid C24, δ13C, standard deviation; n-Alkanoic acid C26, δ13C; n-Alkanoic acid C26, δ13C, standard deviation; n-Alkanoic acid C28, δ13C; n-Alkanoic acid C28, δ13C, standard deviation; n-Alkanoic acid C30, δ13C; n-Alkanoic acid C30, δ13C, standard deviation; n-Alkanoic acid C32, δ13C; n-Alkanoic acid C32, δ13C, standard deviation; n-Alkanoic acid C34, δ13C; n-Alkanoic acid C34, δ13C, standard deviation; OUTCROP; Outcrop sample; Sample code/label; SECTION, height; Wargolo; Δδ13C
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 67 data points
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  • 6
    Publication Date: 2023-06-27
    Keywords: 68-502_Site; AGE; Caribbean Sea/RIDGE; Cibicidoides wuellerstorfi, δ13C; Cibicidoides wuellerstorfi, δ18O; COMPCORE; Composite Core; Deep Sea Drilling Project; DEPTH, sediment/rock; DSDP; DSDP/ODP/IODP sample designation; Glomar Challenger; Leg68; Mass spectrometer Finnigan MAT 251; Sample code/label
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 603 data points
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  • 7
    Publication Date: 2023-06-27
    Keywords: 68-502B; Age model; Age model, stable isotope stratigraphy; Caribbean Sea/RIDGE; Deep Sea Drilling Project; DEPTH, sediment/rock; DRILL; Drilling/drill rig; DSDP; Glomar Challenger; Leg68
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 56 data points
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  • 8
    Publication Date: 2023-06-27
    Keywords: 0055PG; 0082PG; 0091PG; 115-708A; 280; 85-572_Site; 85-574; A150/180; A152-118; Accumulation rate, mass; Accumulation rate, non carbonate; AGE; Albatross IV (1963); APSARA2; APSARA4; AT_II-107_65; ATII_USA; Atlantic Ocean; Atlantis II (1963); BC; Box corer; Calcium carbonate; CH8X; CHN82-15; CHN82-20; COMPCORE; Composite Core; core_59; core_60; DRILL; Drilling/drill rig; Elevation of event; ELT45; ELT45.027-PC; ELT45.029-PC; ELT45.063-PC; ELT45.064-PC; ELT45.071-PC; ELT45.074-PC; ELT48; ELT48.006-PC; ELT48.022-PC; ELT48.027-PC; ELT48.029-PC; ELT49; ELT49.008-PC; ELT50; ELT50.013-PC; ELT50.017-PC; Eltanin; EN06601; EN066-10GGC; EN066-16GGC; EN066-17GGC; EN066-21GGC; EN066-23PG; EN066-24PG; EN066-26GGC; EN066-29GGC; EN066-32GGC; EN066-36GGC; EN066-39GGC; EN066-39PG; EN066-43GGC; EN066-44GGC; EN066-47PG; Endeavor; ERDC; ERDC-079BX; ERDC-092BX; ERDC-102BX; ERDC-129BX; Event label; GC; Glomar Challenger; Gravity corer; Jean Charcot; Joides Resolution; KN11002; Knorr; KNR110-55; KNR110-82; KNR110-91; KS7703; Latitude of event; Leg115; Leg85; Longitude of event; Marion Dufresne (1972); MD38; MD84-527; MD84-552; MD88-773; Melville; Method/Device of event; MN76-01, Pleiades; NODC-0418; North Pacific; North Pacific/TROUGH; Opal, biogenic silica; Pacific Ocean; PC; Piston corer; PLDS-130PG; PLDS-4; RC11; RC1112; RC11-120; RC11-170; RC11-209; RC11-210; RC11-76; RC12; RC12-225; RC12-294; RC12-412; RC12-413; RC12-416; RC12-63; RC12-65; RC12-66; RC13; RC13-113; RC13-227; RC13-228; RC13-229; RC13-254; RC13-259; RC13-271; RC14; RC14-106; RC14-35; RC15; RC15-93; RC15-94; RC17; RC17-69; RC17-98; RE5-036; Reference/source; Robert Conrad; SDSE_090; SDSE_092; Southern East Pacific Rise; South Indian Ocean; South Indian Ridge, South Indian Ocean; South Pacific; SwedishDeepSeaExpedition; Thomas Washington; V04; V04-1; V17; V17-165; V19; V19-185; V19-240; V22; V22-108; V22-174; V22-197; V23; V23-100; V24; V24-55; V24-58; V24-59; V24-62; V25; V25-59; V26; V26-176; V27; V27-263; V27-264; V27-265; V27-267; V29; V29-179; V29-48; V30; V30-40; V30-49; V30-88; V30-93; V30-97; V34; V34-53; Vema; W8402A; W8402A-14; W8803B; W8803B-51GC; Wecoma; Y70-5; Y70-5-64; Yaquina
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 430 data points
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  • 9
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    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Feakins, Sarah J; Eglinton, Timothy Ian; deMenocal, Peter B (2007): A comparison of biomarker records of northeast African vegetation from lacustrine and marine sediments (ca. 3.40 Ma). Organic Geochemistry, 38(10), 1607-1624, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.orggeochem.2007.06.008
    Publication Date: 2023-06-27
    Description: ntegrated terrestrial and marine records of northeast African vegetation are needed to provide long high resolution records of environmental variability with established links to specific terrestrial environments. In this study, we compare records of terrestrial vegetation preserved in marine sediments in the Gulf of Aden [Deep Sea Drilling Project (DSDP) Site 231] and an outcrop of lacustrine sediments in the Turkana Basin, Kenya, part of the East African Rift System. We analyzed higher plant biomarkers in sediments from both deposits of known equivalent age, corresponding to a ca. 50-100 ka humid interval prior to the b-Tulu Bor eruption ca. 3.40 Ma, when the Lokochot Lake occupied part of the Turkana Basin. Molecular abundance distributions indicate that long chain n-alkanoic acids in marine sediments are the most reliable proxy for terrestrial vegetation (Carbon Preference Index, CPI = 4.5), with more cautious interpretation needed for n-alkanes and lacustrine archives. Marine sediments record carbon isotopic variability in terrestrial biomarkers of 2-3 per mil, roughly equivalent to 20% variability in the C3/C4 vegetation contribution. The proportion of C4 vegetation apparently increased at times of low terrigenous dust input. Terrestrial sediments reveal much larger (2-10 per mil) shifts in n-alkanoic acid delta13C values. However, molecular abundance and isotopic composition suggest that microbial sources may also contribute fatty acids, contaminating the lacustrine sedimentary record of terrestrial vegetation.
    Keywords: 24-231; Deep Sea Drilling Project; DRILL; Drilling/drill rig; DSDP; Glomar Challenger; Indian Ocean/Gulf of Aden/BASIN; Kenya; Leg24; OUTCROP; Outcrop sample; Wargolo
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 4 datasets
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  • 10
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    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Bond, Gerard C; Showers, William J; Cheseby, Maziet; Lotti, Rusty; Almasi, Peter; deMenocal, Peter B; Priore, Paul; Cullen, Heidi; Hajdas, Irka; Bonani, Georges (1997): A pervasive millennial-scale cycle in North Atlantic Holocene and gacial climates. Science, 278(5341), 1257-1266, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.278.5341.1257
    Publication Date: 2023-06-27
    Description: Evidence from North Atlantic deep sea cores reveals that abrupt shifts punctuated what is conventionally thought to have been a relatively stable Holocene climate. During each of these episodes, cool, ice-bearing waters from north of Iceland were advected as far south as the latitude of Britain. At about the same times, the atmospheric circulation above Greenland changed abruptly. Pacings of the Holocene events and of abrupt climate shifts during the last glaciation are statistically the same; together, they make up a series of climate shifts with a cyclicity close to 1470 +/- 500 years. The Holocene events, therefore, appear to be the most recent manifestation of a pervasive millennial-scale climate cycle operating independently of the glacial-interglacial climate state. Amplification of the cycle during the last glaciation may have been linked to the North Atlantic's thermohaline circulation.
    Keywords: EW9303-GGC36; GGC; Giant gravity corer; PC; Piston corer; V19; V19-30; V23; V23-81; V28; V28-14; V29; V29-191; Vema
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 5 datasets
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