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  • 1
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    Event-triggered consensus of multi-agent systems under jointly connected topology (2015)
    Oxford University Press
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    Publication Date: 2015-09-15
    Description: This paper investigates event-triggered leaderless and leader-following consensus problems of multi-agent systems under jointly connected topology. A state-dependent event condition is proposed for each agent, which only relies on its own state and the last sampled data of itself and its neighbours. Based on the Lyapunov technique and algebraic graph theory, the designed event-triggered control strategies are proved to solve the leaderless and leader-following consensus problems when the topology is jointly connected. Moreover, such strategies can exclude Zeno-behaviour. Simulations illustrate the effectiveness of the theoretical results.
    Print ISSN: 0265-0754
    Electronic ISSN: 1471-6887
    Topics: Mathematics
    Published by Oxford University Press
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  • 2
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    Whole exome sequencing identifies lncRNA GAS8-AS1 and LPAR4 as novel papillary thyroid carcinoma driver alternations (2016)
    Oxford University Press
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    Publication Date: 2016-07-06
    Description: Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is the most common type of thyroid cancer. However, we know little of mutational spectrum in the Chinese population. Thus, here we report the identification of somatic mutations for Chinese PTC using 402 tumor-normal pairs (Discovery: 91 pairs via exome sequencing; validation: 311 pairs via Sanger sequencing). We observed three distinct mutational signatures, evidently different from the two mutational signatures among Caucasian PTCs. Ten significantly mutated genes were identified, most previously uncharacterized. Notably, we found that long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) GAS8-AS1 is the secondary most frequently altered gene and acts as a novel tumor suppressor in PTC. As a mutation hotspot, the c.713A〉G/714T〉C dinucleotide substitution was found among 89.1% patients with GAS8-AS1 mutations and associated with advanced PTC disease ( P = 0.009). Interestingly, the wild-type lncRNA GAS8-AS1 (A 713 T 714 ) showed consistently higher capability to inhibit cancer cell growth compared to the mutated lncRNA (G 713 C 714 ). Further studies also elucidated the oncogene nature of the G protein-coupled receptor LPAR4 and its c.872T〉G (p.Ile291Ser) mutation in PTC malignant transformation. The BRAF c.1799T〉A (p.Val600Glu) substitution was present in 59.0% Chinese PTCs, more frequently observed in patients with lymph node metastasis ( P = 1.6 x 10 –4 ). Together our study defines a exome mutational spectrum of PTC in the Chinese population and highlights lncRNA GAS8-AS1 and LPAR4 as potential diagnostics and therapeutic targets.
    Print ISSN: 0964-6906
    Electronic ISSN: 1460-2083
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Published by Oxford University Press
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  • 3
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    Comparing genomes with rearrangements and segmental duplications (2015)
    Oxford University Press
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    Publication Date: 2015-06-14
    Description: Motivation: Large-scale evolutionary events such as genomic rearrange.ments and segmental duplications form an important part of the evolution of genomes and are widely studied from both biological and computational perspectives. A basic computational problem is to infer these events in the evolutionary history for given modern genomes, a task for which many algorithms have been proposed under various constraints. Algorithms that can handle both rearrangements and content-modifying events such as duplications and losses remain few and limited in their applicability. Results: We study the comparison of two genomes under a model including general rearrangements (through double-cut-and-join) and segmental duplications. We formulate the comparison as an optimization problem and describe an exact algorithm to solve it by using an integer linear program. We also devise a sufficient condition and an efficient algorithm to identify optimal substructures, which can simplify the problem while preserving optimality. Using the optimal substructures with the integer linear program (ILP) formulation yields a practical and exact algorithm to solve the problem. We then apply our algorithm to assign in-paralogs and orthologs (a necessary step in handling duplications) and compare its performance with that of the state-of-the-art method MSOAR, using both simulations and real data. On simulated datasets, our method outperforms MSOAR by a significant margin, and on five well-annotated species, MSOAR achieves high accuracy, yet our method performs slightly better on each of the 10 pairwise comparisons. Availability and implementation: http://lcbb.epfl.ch/softwares/coser . Contact: mingfu.shao@epfl.ch or bernard.moret@epfl.ch
    Print ISSN: 1367-4803
    Electronic ISSN: 1460-2059
    Topics: Biology , Computer Science , Medicine
    Published by Oxford University Press
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  • 4
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    Choosing appropriate models for protein-protein interaction networks: a comparison study (2014)
    Oxford University Press
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    Publication Date: 2014-09-24
    Description: With the increase of available protein–protein interaction (PPI) data, more and more efforts have been put to PPI network modeling, and a number of models of PPI networks have been proposed. Roughly speaking, good models of PPI networks should be able to accurately describe PPI mechanisms, and thus reproduce the structures of PPI networks. With such models, theoretical and/or computational biologists can efficiently explore the evolution and dynamics of PPI networks. However, a theoretical and/or computational biologist may feel confused when she/he has to choose a proper PPI model for her/his research work from a dozen of candidate models, while there is no guideline available to help her/him. To tackle this problem, in this article, we carry out a comprehensive performance comparison study on 12 existing models over PPI datasets of four species (yeast, mouse, fruit fly and nematode), by comparing the global and local statistical properties of the original PPI networks and the model-reproduced ones. To draw more convincing conclusions, we use the mean reciprocal rank to combine the ranks of a certain model on all statistical properties. Our experimental results indicate that the PS_Seed model [Solé and Pastor-Satorras (PS) model with seed] the STICKY model and the DD_Seed model (Duplication-Divergence model with seed) fit best with the test PPI datasets. By analyzing the underlying mechanisms of the models with better fitting ability, our analysis shows that the evolutionary mechanism of node duplication and link dynamics and the mechanisms with ‘degree-weighted’ behaviors seem to be able to describe the PPI networks better.
    Print ISSN: 1467-5463
    Electronic ISSN: 1477-4054
    Topics: Biology , Computer Science
    Published by Oxford University Press
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  • 5
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    CHIMERA: a wide-field, multi-colour, high-speed photometer at the prime focus of the Hale telescope (2016)
    Oxford University Press
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    Publication Date: 2016-03-04
    Description: The Caltech HIgh-speed Multi-colour camERA (CHIMERA) is a new instrument that has been developed for use at the prime focus of the Hale 200-inch telescope. Simultaneous optical imaging in two bands is enabled by a dichroic beam splitter centred at 567 nm, with Sloan u ' and g ' bands available on the blue arm and Sloan r ', i ' and z_s bands available on the red arm. Additional narrow-band filters will also become available as required. An electron multiplying CCD (EMCCD) detector is employed for both optical channels, each capable of simultaneously delivering sub-electron effective read noise under multiplication gain and frame rates of up to 26 fps full frame (several 1000 fps windowed), over a fully corrected 5 x 5 arcmin field of view. CHIMERA was primarily developed to enable the characterization of the size distribution of sub-km Kuiper Belt Objects via stellar occultation, a science case that motivates the frame-rate, the simultaneous multi-colour imaging and the wide field of view of the instrument. In addition, it also has unique capability in the detection of faint near-Earth asteroids and will be used for the monitoring of short-duration transient and periodic sources, particularly those discovered by the intermediate Palomar Transient Factory (iPTF), and the upcoming Zwicky Transient Facility (ZTF).
    Print ISSN: 0035-8711
    Electronic ISSN: 1365-2966
    Topics: Physics
    Published by Oxford University Press
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  • 6
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    Numerical and experimental study on cooling high-concentration photovoltaic cells with oscillating heat pipe (2012)
    Oxford University Press
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    Publication Date: 2012-08-04
    Description: Both numerical and experimental methods are used to investigate the cooling of concentration photovoltaic (CPV) cells. A numerical study presents the temperature distribution under different heat flux and some other outdoor conditions. The CPV (12 suns) system was experimentally studied, and the results show that the CPV could enhance electric power with a good cooling system. A heat pipe gives a uniform, reliable, simple and costless cooling method. The oscillating heat pipe, without an air fan or a pump, and no power consumption, is suitable for the higher CPV system.
    Print ISSN: 1748-1317
    Electronic ISSN: 1748-1325
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Published by Oxford University Press
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  • 7
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    CHIMERA: a wide-field, multi-colour, high-speed photometer at the prime focus of the Hale telescope (2016)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-03-02
    Print ISSN: 0035-8711
    Electronic ISSN: 1365-2966
    Topics: Physics
    Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of The Royal Astronomical Society.
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