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  • 1
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    Genomic Analysis of an Ascomycete Fungus from the Rice Planthopper Reveals How It Adapts to an Endosymbiotic Lifestyle (2015)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-09-24
    Description: A number of sap-sucking insects harbor endosymbionts, which are thought to play an important role in the development of their hosts. One of the most important rice pests, the brown planthopper (BPH), Nilaparvata lugens (Stål), harbors an obligatory yeast-like symbiont (YLS) that cannot be cultured in vitro. Genomic information on this YLS would be useful to better understand its evolution. In this study, we performed genome sequencing of the YLS using both 454 and Illumina approaches, generating a draft genome that shows a slightly smaller genome size and relatively higher GC content than most ascomycete fungi. A phylogenomic analysis of the YLS supported its close relationship with insect pathogens. We analyzed YLS-specific genes and the categories of genes that are likely to have changed in the YLS during its evolution. The loss of mating type locus demonstrated in the YLS sheds light on the evolution of eukaryotic symbionts. This information about the YLS genome provides a helpful guide for further understanding endosymbiotic associations in hemiptera and the symbiotic replacement of ancient bacteria with a multifunctional YLS seems to have been a successful change.
    Electronic ISSN: 1759-6653
    Topics: Biology
    Published by Oxford University Press
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  • 2
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    Analysis of collocation solutions for a class of functional equations with vanishing delays (2011)
    Oxford University Press
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    Publication Date: 2011-11-24
    Description: We study the existence, uniqueness and regularity properties of solutions for the functional equation y ( t ) = b ( t ) y ( ( t )) + f ( t ), t [0, T ], where the delay function ( t ) vanishes at t = 0. Functional equations corresponding to the linear delay function ( t ) = qt (0 〈 q 〈 1) represent an important special case. We then analyse the optimal order of convergence of piecewise polynomial collocation approximations to solutions of these functional equations. The theoretical results are illustrated by extensive numerical examples.
    Print ISSN: 0272-4979
    Electronic ISSN: 1464-3642
    Topics: Mathematics
    Published by Oxford University Press
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  • 3
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    Functional interplay between the RK motif and linker segment dictates Oct4-DNA recognition (2015)
    Oxford University Press
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    Publication Date: 2015-05-20
    Description: The POU family transcription factor Oct4 plays pivotal roles in regulating pluripotency and somatic cell reprogramming. Previous studies have indicated an important role for major groove contacts in Oct4–DNA recognition; however, the contributions of the RK motif in the POUh domain and the linker segment joining the two DNA-binding domains remain poorly understood. Here, by combining molecular modelling and functional assays, we find that the RK motif is essential for Oct4–DNA association by recognizing the narrowed DNA minor groove. Intriguingly, computational simulations reveal that the function of the RK motif may be finely tuned by H-bond interactions with the partially disordered linker segment and that breaking these interactions significantly enhances the DNA binding and reprogramming activities of Oct4. These findings uncover a self-regulatory mechanism for specific Oct4–DNA recognition and provide insights into the functional crosstalk at the molecular level that may illuminate mechanistic studies of the Oct protein family and possibly transcription factors in the POU family. Our gain-of-function Oct4 mutants might also be useful tools for use in reprogramming and regenerative medicine.
    Print ISSN: 0305-1048
    Electronic ISSN: 1362-4962
    Topics: Biology
    Published by Oxford University Press
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  • 4
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    Resistance loss analysis and structure optimization of conical diffuser in siphon rectifying device (2018)
    Institute of Physics (IOP)
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    Publication Date: 2018-07-31
    Description: Siphon water conveyance is a commonly used way to transport water in high efficiency, and its core equipment is the submerged rectifying device at the entrance. Due to the complex structure inside the device, the local resistance loss is too high, which has a certain impact on the water delivery efficiency. By taking the single conical diffuser inside the siphon rectifying device as the research object, analyzing the mesh generation and the simulation strategy. Of which the target is reducing the resistance loss. Then the optimal plan is y w =10μm, N=20, R=1.3, using k-ε standard. And the analyzing of the head loss in each part of the conical diffuser is based on the simulation results. The obtained head loss of the diffuse part account for 40%-50% of the total loss. The parametric analysis of the conical diffuser structure is carried out for the diffuse part. Through the orthogonal design and the result analyzed, the optimal structural scheme is L1=36mm, L2=74mm, D1=17...
    Print ISSN: 1755-1307
    Electronic ISSN: 1755-1315
    Topics: Geography , Geosciences , Physics
    Published by Institute of Physics (IOP)
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  • 5
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    Study on the influence of blade outlet angle on unsteady flow and structural dynamic characteristics for chemical process pump (2018)
    Institute of Physics (IOP)
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    Publication Date: 2018-07-31
    Description: In order to reveal the influence of the blade outlet angle on the structural dynamic characteristics of chemical process pump, a chemical process centrifugal pump with high specific speed was selected to be researched, and 4 impellers with different blade outlet angle were redesigned based on the prototype pump, which ensuring that the other geometrical parameters unchanged. The blade outlet angle designed are 27°, 37°, and 47°, referring to the original impeller whose blade outlet angle was 22°. Then, the numerical calculation was applied for each scheme under designed condition based on the bidirectional coupling fluid- structure interaction (FSI) simulations. Through simulation, the head after the fluid-solid coupling was lower than before, but the error was reduced. Comparing the distribution of equivalent stress at intersection boundary, it shows that the places from 0.6 times to 0.8 times at the outlet of the intersection boundary of stress side and shroud were greatly aff...
    Print ISSN: 1755-1307
    Electronic ISSN: 1755-1315
    Topics: Geography , Geosciences , Physics
    Published by Institute of Physics (IOP)
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  • 6
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    Parameters sensitivity analysis of DO in water quality model of QUAL2K (2018)
    Institute of Physics (IOP)
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    Publication Date: 2018-11-06
    Description: QUAL2K is a comprehensive longitudinal one-dimension steady-state water quality model, which considers the effect on dissolved oxygen (DO) through nitrogen circulation, algae growth and sediment oxidation process. And this model integrated hydrological model and temperature model, so it is widely adopted in the overseas. Because of its complexity and multiple parameters, the application of this model is restricted in China. Parameters optimization is inevitable in the usage of the water quality model. The modified Morris screening method is used and DO is selected as study index to proceed sensitivity analysis and further optimize related parameters. The high sensitive parameters, sensitive parameters and low sensitive parameters are determined.
    Print ISSN: 1755-1307
    Electronic ISSN: 1755-1315
    Topics: Geography , Geosciences , Physics
    Published by Institute of Physics (IOP)
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  • 7
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    Research on Structural Strength of 7800 PCTC under Flexible Design (2018)
    Institute of Physics (IOP)
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    Publication Date: 2018-08-21
    Description: In this paper, we use the finite element software MSC·PATRAN and MSC·NASTRAN to establish the FEM model. Then we analyze the racking condition strength under the conditions of inclined shipping, and discuss the stress of the hull structure, the distribution of the hot spot and the deformation of the deflection under the flexible design concept. Some general conclusions under the design concept are obtained, which will be expected to contribute to the development of the design concept of the whole ship flexible structure.
    Print ISSN: 1757-8981
    Electronic ISSN: 1757-899X
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Published by Institute of Physics (IOP)
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  • 8
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    Study on the structure of topsoil aggregates for Mu Us sandy land in China (2016)
    Institute of Physics (IOP)
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    Publication Date: 2016-09-27
    Description: It is significantly important to study the topsoil aggregates occurrence for land use, recovery at regional scale and protecting from topsoil sandification. Based on land sampling through experimental analysis and correlation statistics, this paper studies on the characteristics and the correlation of different habitat topsoil aggregates in Mu Us region. The results show: The soil aggregates are mainly micro aggregates in the range of 0.5∼0.25mm in this area. The contents of soil aggregates are different in different depths which are 0cm〉10cm〉20cm respectively. The contents of soil aggregates are also different in different habitats, and the contents of 〉1mm soil aggregates are highest 4.27% and 3.55% in poplar woodland and Calamagrostisepigeios grassland sampled at the 0cm depth. After analyzing the stability of soil aggregates, the development of soil aggregates is not sufficient, and the stability of soil aggregates is poor. The soil structure is gradually optimized ...
    Print ISSN: 1755-1307
    Electronic ISSN: 1755-1315
    Topics: Geography , Geosciences , Physics
    Published by Institute of Physics (IOP)
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  • 9
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    Laser Cladding Synthesis of Ta 2 O 5 Coatings on a Ta Substrate (2017)
    Institute of Physics (IOP)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-10-04
    Description: A five-layer overlaid Ta 2 O 5 dense ceramic coating was successfully fabricated on a pure Ta substrate using laser cladding. The coating exhibits a graded microstructure with a single phase of α-Ta 2 O 5 formed towards the top of the coating, and was metallurgically bonded to the Ta substrate. Both the coating and the coating-substrate interface region were free from porosity. The development of the coating’s microstructure was discussed based on an existing Ta-O phase diagram.
    Print ISSN: 1757-8981
    Electronic ISSN: 1757-899X
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Published by Institute of Physics (IOP)
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  • 10
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    AuRu/ meso -Mn 2 O 3 : A Highly Active and Stable Catalyst for Methane Combustion (2018)
    Institute of Physics (IOP)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018-05-17
    Description: Three-dimensionally ordered mesoporous Mn 2 O 3 ( meso -Mn 2 O 3 ) and its supported Au, Ru, and AuRu alloy (0.49 wt% Au/ meso -Mn 2 O 3 , 0.48 wt% Ru/ meso -Mn 2 O 3 , and 0.97 wt% AuRu/meso-Mn 2 O 3 (Au/Ru molar ratio = 0.98)) nanocatalysts were prepared using the KIT-6-templating and polyvinyl alcohol-protected reduction methods, respectively. Physicochemical properties of the samples were characterized by means of numerous techniques, and their catalytic activities were evaluated for the combustion of methane. It is found that among all of the samples, 0.48 wt% Ru/ meso-Mn 2 O 3 and 0.97 wt% AuRu/ meso -Mn 2 O 3 performed the best (the reaction temperature ( T 90% ) at 90% methane conversion was 530-540°C), but the latter showed a better thermal stability than the former. The partial deactivation ...
    Print ISSN: 1757-8981
    Electronic ISSN: 1757-899X
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Published by Institute of Physics (IOP)
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