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  • 1
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    Deterministic direct reprogramming of somatic cells to pluripotency (2013)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2013-09-21
    Description: Somatic cells can be inefficiently and stochastically reprogrammed into induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells by exogenous expression of Oct4 (also called Pou5f1), Sox2, Klf4 and Myc (hereafter referred to as OSKM). The nature of the predominant rate-limiting barrier(s) preventing the majority of cells to successfully and synchronously reprogram remains to be defined. Here we show that depleting Mbd3, a core member of the Mbd3/NuRD (nucleosome remodelling and deacetylation) repressor complex, together with OSKM transduction and reprogramming in naive pluripotency promoting conditions, result in deterministic and synchronized iPS cell reprogramming (near 100% efficiency within seven days from mouse and human cells). Our findings uncover a dichotomous molecular function for the reprogramming factors, serving to reactivate endogenous pluripotency networks while simultaneously directly recruiting the Mbd3/NuRD repressor complex that potently restrains the reactivation of OSKM downstream target genes. Subsequently, the latter interactions, which are largely depleted during early pre-implantation development in vivo, lead to a stochastic and protracted reprogramming trajectory towards pluripotency in vitro. The deterministic reprogramming approach devised here offers a novel platform for the dissection of molecular dynamics leading to establishing pluripotency at unprecedented flexibility and resolution.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Rais, Yoach -- Zviran, Asaf -- Geula, Shay -- Gafni, Ohad -- Chomsky, Elad -- Viukov, Sergey -- Mansour, Abed AlFatah -- Caspi, Inbal -- Krupalnik, Vladislav -- Zerbib, Mirie -- Maza, Itay -- Mor, Nofar -- Baran, Dror -- Weinberger, Leehee -- Jaitin, Diego A -- Lara-Astiaso, David -- Blecher-Gonen, Ronnie -- Shipony, Zohar -- Mukamel, Zohar -- Hagai, Tzachi -- Gilad, Shlomit -- Amann-Zalcenstein, Daniela -- Tanay, Amos -- Amit, Ido -- Novershtern, Noa -- Hanna, Jacob H -- England -- Nature. 2013 Oct 3;502(7469):65-70. doi: 10.1038/nature12587. Epub 2013 Sep 18.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉The Department of Molecular Genetics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24048479" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cell Line ; Cells, Cultured ; Cellular Reprogramming/genetics/*physiology ; DNA-Binding Proteins/genetics ; Embryonic Stem Cells ; Female ; Gene Expression Regulation ; HEK293 Cells ; Humans ; Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells/*physiology ; Male ; Mice ; *Models, Biological ; Transcription Factors/genetics
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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  • 2
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    Corrigendum: Deterministic direct reprogramming of somatic cells to pluripotency (2015)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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    Publication Date: 2015-04-02
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Rais, Yoach -- Zviran, Asaf -- Geula, Shay -- Gafni, Ohad -- Chomsky, Elad -- Viukov, Sergey -- Mansour, Abed AlFatah -- Caspi, Inbal -- Krupalnik, Vladislav -- Zerbib, Mirie -- Maza, Itay -- Mor, Nofar -- Baran, Dror -- Weinberger, Leehee -- Jaitin, Diego A -- Lara-Astiaso, David -- Blecher-Gonen, Ronnie -- Shipony, Zohar -- Mukamel, Zohar -- Hagai, Tzachi -- Gilad, Shlomit -- Amann-Zalcenstein, Daniela -- Tanay, Amos -- Amit, Ido -- Novershtern, Noa -- Hanna, Jacob H -- England -- Nature. 2015 Apr 30;520(7549):710. doi: 10.1038/nature14369. Epub 2015 Apr 1.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25830885" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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  • 3
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    Multiple transgressions and slow evolution shape the phylogeographic pattern of the blind cave-dwelling shrimp Typhlocaris (2018)
    PeerJ
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    Publication Date: 2018-07-23
    Description: Background Aquatic subterranean species often exhibit disjunct distributions, with high level of endemism and small range, shaped by vicariance, limited dispersal, and evolutionary rates. We studied the disjunct biogeographic patterns of an endangered blind cave shrimp, Typhlocaris, and identified the geological and evolutionary processes that have shaped its divergence pattern. Methods We collected Typlocaris specimens of three species (T. galilea, T. ayyaloni, and T. salentina), originating from subterranean groundwater caves by the Mediterranean Sea, and used three mitochondrial genes (12S, 16S, cytochrome oxygnese subunit 1 (COI)) and four nuclear genes (18S, 28S, internal transcribed spacer, Histon 3) to infer their phylogenetic relationships. Using the radiometric dating of a geological formation (Bira) as a calibration node, we estimated the divergence times of the Typhlocaris species and the molecular evolution rates. Results The multi-locus ML/Bayesian trees of the concatenated seven gene sequences showed that T. salentina (Italy) and T. ayyaloni (Israel) are sister species, both sister to T. galilea (Israel). The divergence time of T. ayyaloni and T. salentina from T. galilea was 7.0 Ma based on Bira calibration. The divergence time of T. ayyaloni from T. salentina was 5.7 (4.4–6.9) Ma according to COI, and 5.8 (3.5–7.2) Ma according to 16S. The computed interspecific evolutionary rates were 0.0077 substitutions/Myr for COI, and 0.0046 substitutions/Myr for 16S. Discussion Two consecutive vicariant events have shaped the phylogeographic patterns of Typhlocaris species. First, T. galilea was tectonically isolated from its siblings in the Mediterranean Sea by the arching uplift of the central mountain range of Israel ca. seven Ma. Secondly, T. ayyaloni and T. salentina were stranded and separated by a marine transgression ca. six Ma, occurring just before the Messinian Salinity Crisis. Our estimated molecular evolution rates were in one order of magnitude lower than the rates of closely related crustaceans, as well as of other stygobiont species. We suggest that this slow evolution reflects the ecological conditions prevailing in the highly isolated subterranean water bodies inhabited by Typhlocaris.
    Electronic ISSN: 2167-8359
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Published by PeerJ
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  • 4
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    Multiple transgressions and slow evolution shape the phylogeographic pattern of the blind cave-dwelling shrimp Typhlocaris (2018)
    PeerJ
    In:  PeerJ, 6 . e5268.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-03-19
    Description: Background: Aquatic subterranean species often exhibit disjunct distributions, with high level of endemism and small range, shaped by vicariance, limited dispersal, and evolutionary rates. We studied the disjunct biogeographic patterns of an endangered blind cave shrimp, Typhlocaris, and identified the geological and evolutionary processes that have shaped its divergence pattern. Methods: We collected Typlocaris specimens of three species ( T. galilea, T. ayyaloni, and T. salentina), originating from subterranean groundwater caves by the Mediterranean Sea, and used three mitochondrial genes (12S, 16S, cytochrome oxygnese subunit 1 (COI)) and four nuclear genes (18S, 28S, internal transcribed spacer, Histon 3) to infer their phylogenetic relationships. Using the radiometric dating of a geological formation (Bira) as a calibration node, we estimated the divergence times of the Typhlocaris species and the molecular evolution rates. Results: The multi-locus ML/Bayesian trees of the concatenated seven gene sequences showed that T. salentina (Italy) and T. ayyaloni (Israel) are sister species, both sister to T. galilea (Israel). The divergence time of T. ayyaloni and T. salentina from T. galilea was 7.0 Ma based on Bira calibration. The divergence time of T. ayyaloni from T. salentina was 5.7 (4.4-6.9) Ma according to COI, and 5.8 (3.5-7.2) Ma according to 16S. The computed interspecific evolutionary rates were 0.0077 substitutions/Myr for COI, and 0.0046 substitutions/Myr for 16S. Discussion: Two consecutive vicariant events have shaped the phylogeographic patterns of Typhlocaris species. First, T. galilea was tectonically isolated from its siblings in the Mediterranean Sea by the arching uplift of the central mountain range of Israel ca. seven Ma. Secondly, T. ayyaloni and T. salentina were stranded and separated by a marine transgression ca. six Ma, occurring just before the Messinian Salinity Crisis. Our estimated molecular evolution rates were in one order of magnitude lower than the rates of closely related crustaceans, as well as of other stygobiont species. We suggest that this slow evolution reflects the ecological conditions prevailing in the highly isolated subterranean water bodies inhabited by Typhlocaris.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
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