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  • MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute  (16)
  • English  (16)
  • 1
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-23
    Description: ca. 200 words; this text will present the book in all promotional forms (e.g. flyers). Please describe the book in straightforward and consumer-friendly terms. [There is ever more research on smart cities and new interdisciplinary approaches proposed on the study of smart cities. At the same time, problems pertinent to communities inhabiting rural areas are being addressed, as part of discussions in contigious fields of research, be it environmental studies, sociology, or agriculture. Even if rural areas and countryside communities have previously been a subject of concern for robust policy frameworks, such as the European Union’s Cohesion Policy and Common Agricultural Policy Arguably, the concept of ‘the village’ has been largely absent in the debate. As a result, when advances in sophisticated information and communication technology (ICT) led to the emergence of a rich body of research on smart cities, the application and usability of ICT in the context of a village has remained underdiscussed in the literature. Against this backdrop, this volume delivers on four objectives. It delineates the conceptual boundaries of the concept of ‘smart village’. It highlights in which ways ‘smart village’ is distinct from ‘smart city’. It examines in which ways smart cities research can enrich smart villages research. It sheds light on the smart village research agenda as it unfolds in European and global contexts.]
    Keywords: NX1-820 ; H1-99 ; TX1-1110 ; HF5001-6182 ; South America ; policymaking ; smart village ; Europe ; sustainability ; smart villages research ; European Union ; Asia ; China ; smart cities research ; ICT ; smart city ; best practice sharing ; thema EDItEUR::A The Arts
    Language: English
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  • 2
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-12-20
    Description: Scheduling and control are typically viewed as separate applications because of historical factors such as limited computing resources. Now that algorithms and computing resources have advanced, there are new efforts to have short-term decisions (control) interact or merge with longer-term decisions (scheduling). A new generation of numerical optimization methods are evolving to capture additional benefits and unify the approach to manufacturing process automation. This special issue is a collection of some of the latest advancements in scheduling and control for both batch and continuous processes. It contains developments with multi-scale problem formulation, software for the new class of problems, and a survey of the strengths and weaknesses of successive levels of integration.
    Keywords: HD28-70 ; T58.5-58.64 ; Smart Manufacturing ; Control ; Large-scale ; Real-time Optimization ; Numerical Optimization ; Scheduling ; Energy Systems ; Model Predictive Control ; Advanced Control ; bic Book Industry Communication::K Economics, finance, business & management::KJ Business & management::KJM Management & management techniques::KJMV Management of specific areas
    Language: English
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  • 3
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: Suzuki–Miyaura cross-coupling remains a powerful tool in organic synthesis for C–C bond formation and has various industrial applications, for example, the synthesis of pharmaceuticals and materials. Intensive research efforts are being made into finding ways of improving and expanding the scope of this process, and the development of more efficient catalytic systems for this extremely important reaction is still a hot research topic of enormous academic and industrial interest. This Special Issue, consisting of four reviews, two communications and six articles, focuses on recent promising research and novel trends in the broad field of Suzuki–Miyaura cross-coupling employing a range of different palladium catalysts. Homogeneous or heterogeneous catalysis in organic or aqueous medium, using conventional conditions or non-conventional techniques such as microwave and ultrasound irradiation, grinding and photo-activated processes as green chemistry approaches, as well as continuous flow technology are included. The catalysts described herein are unsupported metal complexes, catalysts immobilized on solid supports, ligand-free catalytic systems or metal nanoparticles.
    Keywords: QD1-999 ; Phosphane-free ligand ; Metal nanoparticles ; Heterogeneous catalysis ; Cross-coupling ; Multiphase catalysis ; C-C bond formation ; Phosphane ligand ; Homogeneous catalysis ; Metal complex ; Noble metals ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PN Chemistry
    Language: English
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  • 4
    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: This book recognizes the career of Professor Emeritus Calvin H. Bartholomew, who celebrated his 75th birthday in 2018, and his contributions to the science and engineering of heterogeneous catalysis, a field which improves daily life in countless, but often unrecognized ways. Dr. Bartholomew is an eminent researcher, an outstanding educator, mentor, and friend. The nine chapters comprising the book were written by former students, collaborators, colleagues, and respected peers. Chapters cover supported iron Fischer–-Tropsch catalysts, a spectroscopic study of iron-based water gas shift catalysts, nickel catalysts both for (dry) methane reforming with associated carbon deactivation and carbon dioxide methanation, a methanol steam reforming catalyst, cobalt oxide on niobia catalysts for environmental applications, palladium catalysts supported on titania for hydrogen peroxide synthesis, methane combustion catalyst stability, and chiral catalyst deactivation. In summary, this book covers much of the breadth and points to the depth of Professor Bartholomew’s illustrious career. We thank him for his kind example and honor him for his lasting contributions.
    Keywords: QD1-999 ; QD450-801 ; TP155-156 ; heterogeneous catalysis ; Fischer-Tropsch ; Calvin H. Bartholomew ; deactivation ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PN Chemistry
    Language: English
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  • 5
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-04
    Description: This book covers aspects and achievements of the baryonic (star and gas) component of galaxy halos as presented at the successful conference “On the Origin (and Evolution) of Baryonic Galaxy Halos”, held on the Galapagos Islands, Ecuador, March 13–17, 2017. It can be regarded as a compendium of the prominent results in this field. The main focus is the latest simulations and observations of galaxy halos. This compendium is recommended to researchers, and advanced students, as it contains peer-reviewed high quality papers that will meet their scientific needs and help to initiate new research directions. Everything described in this book is the result of a truly collective effort from the participants of the Galapagos conference.
    Keywords: QC1-999 ; galaxies ; galaxy formation ; numerical simulations ; cosmology. ; galaxy halos ; galaxy evolution ; galaxy clusters ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PH Physics
    Language: English
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  • 6
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-01-31
    Description: We are currently experiencing a climate crisis that is associated with extreme weather events worldwide. Some of its most noticeable effects are increases in temperatures, droughts, and desertification. These effects are already making whole regions unsuitable for agriculture. Therefore, we urgently need global measures to mitigate the effects of climate breakdown as well as crop alternatives that are more stress-resilient. These crop alternatives can come from breeding new varieties of well-established crops, such as wheat and barley. They can also come from promoting underutilized crop species that are naturally tolerant to some stresses, such as quinoa. Either way, we need to gather more knowledge on how plants respond to stresses related to climate breakdown, such as heat, water-deficit, flooding high salinity, nitrogen, and heavy metal stress. This Special Issue provides a timely collection of recent advances in the understanding of plant responses to these stresses. This information will definitely be useful to the design of new strategies to prevent the loss of more cultivable land and to reclaim the land that has already been declared unsuitable.
    Keywords: SB1-1110 ; QH301-705.5 ; Q1-390 ; ZIP ; landraces ; orphan crop ; morphological characteristics ; De novo transcriptome ; lateral root ; abiotic stress ; heat stress ; transcriptome sequencing ; photosynthesis ; hyperaccumulation ; HSP70 ; photoprotection ; IREG ; photosystem I ; quinoa ; plant cell cultures ; water stress ; high temperatures ; tobacco BY-2 ; serpentine ; heat ; chaperons ; waterlogging ; water deficit ; photoinhibition ; selenium ; wheat ; Vigna vexillata ; mechanism ; grain protein content ; salinity ; nickel ; poaceae ; genome-wide association mapping ; nickel hyper-accumulation ; cell death ; mediterranean area ; ferroportin ; high salinity stress ; low nitrogen stress ; legume ; drought ; RNA-Seq ; histidine
    Language: English
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  • 7
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-08
    Description: The articles in this volume, all by leading scholars, examine the topic of rebirth, or reincarnation, from a wide range of perspectives. The main focus of most of the articles is the idea of rebirth as found in Hindu texts and traditions. There are also articles exploring Christian responses to the idea of rebirth as well as expressions of the idea of rebirth in the Western world (such as in the thought of poet William Butler Yeats and in an American context). There are also philosophical and theological articles arguing both for and against the idea of rebirth, as well as articles which take a more historical or literary approach to this topic. The shared thread unifying all of these articles is the idea that rebirth is an important idea that holds great fascination for many. While the primary focus is on Hindu and Christian expressions of or responses to this idea, there are also articles that engage with scientific thinking on this topic, and one which engages with Buddhism as well. In short, this volume is an interdisciplinary and cross-cultural, and cross-traditional exploration of the topic of reincarnation that should appeal to a wide array of readers.
    Keywords: BL1-50 ; NX1-820 ; H1-99 ; BV1-5099 ; afterlife ; death ; Roman Catholicism ; eschatology ; Hinduism ; Christianity ; Bhagavad Gita ; reincarnation ; Vedanta ; bic Book Industry Communication::H Humanities::HR Religion & beliefs ; thema EDItEUR::Q Philosophy and Religion::QR Religion and beliefs
    Language: English
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  • 8
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: Presenting very high surface-to-volume ratio, relatively simple processability and low cost, graphene and graphene-related materials were soon identified as promising nanofillers for polymer matrixes. Reports have shown notorious property enhancements for graphene-polymer composites (GPC) at very low filler loadings. Uses of GPC in varied fields, such as energy, electronics, catalysis, separation and purification, biomedicine, aerospace, tribology, etc., have been demonstrated and, in some cases, put into industrial practice. However, challenges still exist. Platelet agglomeration within the polymer matrix is often seen to hinder performance improvements. Poor interfacial adhesion between filler and matrix is also a limiting factor in many systems, demanding for tuning the surface chemistry to promote physical or chemical interactions with the polymer chains. The range of routes for fabrication of graphene-related materials, leading to different morphologies, oxidation states, and degrees of platelet exfoliation, have an impact on the final properties of the composites that has not yet been fully addressed. Some argue that the potential of graphene, and its advantages in relation to other nanofillers, has not yet been clearly demonstrated for polymer composites. This Special Issue provides a state of the art view on the different facets of graphene-polymer composite materials, showing that this area of research is thriving and relevant advancements are still to be expected.
    Keywords: TA401-492 ; Surface functionalization ; Biological properties ; Surface modification ; Composites ; Adhesives ; Graphene ; Materials properties ; Coatings ; Particles ; Fibers ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TG Mechanical engineering and materials::TGM Materials science
    Language: English
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  • 9
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: This book covers the most recent research activities and achievements regarding to the solid phase microextraction (SPME) technique. It is a powerful sample preparation tool that addresses the new challenges of analytical laboratories. Among others, its fundamental applications involved the sampling of volatile compounds from various matrixes. The demonstrated topics ranged from aroma characterization of various fruits, essential oils to the utilization of SPME for in-tube extraction and isolation of selected compounds from complex samples followed by state-of-the-art analytical techniques.
    Keywords: QD1-999 ; QD71-142 ; Q1-390 ; dual ligand organic-silica hybrid monolith capillary ; gas chromatography-mass spectrometry-olfactometry (GC-MS-O) ; contact trace analysis ; TWA SPME ; air monitoring ; volatile compound ; linear free-energy relationship (LFER) model ; MTBSTFA ; municipal solid waste ; quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) ; torrefaction ; aromatic water ; multivariate analysis ; nondestructive analysis ; SPME ; vacuum-assisted extraction ; pears ; volatile constituents ; on-site sampling ; veraison ; volatile compounds ; hydro-distillation (HD) ; essential oil ; volatile organic compounds (VOCs) ; waste to carbon ; air quality ; VOCs ; gas-chromatography ; environmental analysis ; terpenoids ; principal component analysis (PCA) ; DI-SPME ; glandular source ; preserves ; time-weighted average ; GC-MS ; metalworking fluid ; HS-SPME ; in-tube SPME-MS/MS ; solid-phase microextraction (SPME) ; air analysis ; COMSOL ; diffusion ; biochar ; hydrolat ; volatile organic compounds ; terpenes ; eucalyptol ; leave-one-out (LOO) cross-validation ; amino acids ; solid-phase microextraction ; partition coefficient ; odor ; THC ; HS-SPME-GC-MS ; grape skin ; OH-PAHs ; Monomorium chinense ; metabolic fingerprint ; GC ; air sampling ; cubeb berry ; GC–MS ; bisphenol-A (BPA) ; headspace solid phase microextraction ; cannabis ; biogenic emissions ; wine aroma ; historical foods ; metabolites ; extraction solvent ; Mediterranean fruit fly ; plasma samples ; in-tube solid-phase microextraction (IT-SPME) ; simultaneous distillation/extraction (SDE) ; drying ; nanoliquid chromatography (nanoLC) ; retracted SPME ; true lavender ; viticulture ; leave-one-solute-out (LOSO) cross-validation ; membrane-coated fiber (MCF) approach ; mango germplasm ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PN Chemistry
    Language: English
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  • 10
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: Catalyst deactivation, the loss over time of catalytic activity and/or selectivity, is a problem of great and continuing concern in the practice of industrial catalytic processes. Costs to industry for catalyst replacement and process shutdown total tens of billions of dollars per year. While catalyst deactivation is inevitable for most processes, some of its immediate, drastic consequences may be avoided, postponed, or even reversed. Accordingly, there is considerable motivation to better understand catalyst decay and regeneration. Indeed, the science of catalyst deactivation and regeneration has been developing rapidly as evidenced by the considerable literature addressing this topic, including 21,000 journal articles, presentations, reports, reviews, and books; and more than 29,000 patents for the period of 1980 to 2012. This developing science provides the foundation for continuing, substantial improvements in the efficiency and economics of catalytic processes through development of catalyst deactivation models, more stable catalysts, and regeneration processes. This special issue focuses on recent advances in catalyst deactivation and regeneration, including advances in (1) scientific understanding of mechanisms; (2) development of improved methods and tools for investigation; and (3) more robust models of deactivation and regeneration.
    Keywords: TP155-156 ; models ; deactivation and regeneration ; sintering ; Hydrotreating ; fouling ; mechanical degradation ; catalyst deactivation and regeneration in: mechanisms ; stability improvements ; Fischer-Tropsch synthesis ; catalyst deactivation ; poisoning ; catalyst ; Methanol synthesis ; Selective catalytic reduction of NOx ; methods of study ; kinetics ; catalyst regeneration ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TC Biochemical engineering::TCB Biotechnology
    Language: English
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